CWE-862

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-28615"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T13:20:15Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In Telecomm, there is a possible way to initiate an unauthorized phone call due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wpq-g9g6-x2rp",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:48Z",
  "published": "2026-06-17T18:35:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28615"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/android-17"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11439"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-08T07:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in JhumanJ OpnForm up to 1.9.3. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /show/integrations. Performing manipulation results in missing authorization. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is named 11d97d78f2de2cb49f79baed6bde8b611ec1f384. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wr2-f4hq-p3f2",
  "modified": "2025-10-08T09:31:13Z",
  "published": "2025-10-08T09:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/JhumanJ/OpnForm/pull/900/commits/11d97d78f2de2cb49f79baed6bde8b611ec1f384"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.google.com/document/d/1GUjJA9vUbsXUngAv6ySsbCIhVynf8_djardLZYEDOe0/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.reuyi9lwvpj"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.327376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.327376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.666880"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10303"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T09:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Library Management System plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the owt7_library_management_ajax_handler() function in all versions up to, and including, 3.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to update and manipulate several of the plugin\u0027s settings and features.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wrq-6f7w-chm4",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:57Z",
  "published": "2025-10-15T09:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10303"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/library-management-system/trunk/admin/class-library-management-system-admin.php#L831"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3382258"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/9e45feb6-5ffa-4ad3-9549-4414988f040e?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-02T12:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in wpdevart Responsive Image Gallery, Gallery Album allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Responsive Image Gallery, Gallery Album: from n/a through 2.0.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wvc-68qr-wgqx",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:28Z",
  "published": "2025-01-02T12:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/gallery-album/vulnerability/wordpress-gallery-image-and-video-gallery-with-thumbnails-plugin-2-0-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12953"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T11:15:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Classified Listing \u2013 AI-Powered Classified ads \u0026 Business Directory Plugin plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the \"rtcl_ajax_add_listing_type\", \"rtcl_ajax_update_listing_type\", and \"rtcl_ajax_delete_listing_type\" function in all versions up to, and including, 5.2.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber level access and above, to add, update, or delete listing types.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wvf-5wq5-6c4g",
  "modified": "2025-11-11T12:30:18Z",
  "published": "2025-11-11T12:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12953"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3389342/classified-listing/trunk/app/Controllers/Ajax/AjaxListingType.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/811f147e-5829-4f7e-91d8-9dba780950d5?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-27687"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T17:38:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Due to missing authorization check in SAP S/4HANA HCM Portugal and SAP ERP HCM Portugal, a user with high privileges could access sensitive data belonging to another company. This vulnerability has a high impact on confidentiality and does not affect integrity and availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-7ww9-jwvc-34pg",
  "modified": "2026-03-10T18:31:17Z",
  "published": "2026-03-10T18:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27687"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3701020"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-68920"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-24T22:15:43Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "C-Kermit (aka ckermit) through 10.0 Beta.12 (aka 416-beta12) before 244644d allows a remote Kermit system to overwrite files on the local system, or retrieve arbitrary files from the local system.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wwf-6mwx-wx77",
  "modified": "2025-12-25T00:30:17Z",
  "published": "2025-12-25T00:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68920"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/KermitProject/ckermit/pull/20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=1123025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.complete.org/kermit"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.kermitproject.org/ftp/kermit/test/tar"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.14"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jclouds-jenkins"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.15"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10369"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-26T22:49:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-07T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins JClouds Plugin did not perform permission checks on a method implementing form validation. This allowed users with Overall/Read access to Jenkins to connect to an attacker-specified URL using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.\n\nAdditionally, this form validation method did not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery vulnerability.\n\nThis form validation method now requires POST requests and Overall/Administer permission.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wxc-7qrg-rg6w",
  "modified": "2023-10-26T22:49:46Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10369"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-08-07/#SECURITY-1482"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r42b7ff290ed5ec8f27f12c54fff54462ffc4bcf6a5015c37fece94ac%40%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r42b7ff290ed5ec8f27f12c54fff54462ffc4bcf6a5015c37fece94ac@%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6c4693d03d15391814c647742db49a4d9937fa34573fb66103d57b45%40%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6c4693d03d15391814c647742db49a4d9937fa34573fb66103d57b45@%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r725e55670dbdd214f3cfdfea255b72a75fa9a4f0c6c9d109b29c7881%40%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r725e55670dbdd214f3cfdfea255b72a75fa9a4f0c6c9d109b29c7881@%3Cnotifications.jclouds.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/08/07/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins JClouds Plugin missing permission check"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27792"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-19T21:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue found in IXP Data Easy Install v.6.6.14884.0 allows an attacker to escalate privileges via lack of permissions applied to sub directories.",
  "id": "GHSA-7wxc-mh8q-7484",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T08:49:04Z",
  "published": "2023-10-19T21:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27792"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bramfitt-tech-labs.com/article/easy-install-cve-issue"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0-RC1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.17.0-beta.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "craftcms/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0-RC1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.9.0-beta.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-28696"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-03T20:38:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-04T17:16:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The GraphQL directive `@parseRefs`, intended to parse internal reference tags (e.g., `{user:1:email}`), can be abused by both authenticated users and unauthenticated guests (if a Public Schema is enabled) to access sensitive attributes of any element in the CMS. The implementation in `Elements::parseRefs` fails to perform authorization checks, allowing attackers to read data they are not authorized to view.\n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n`craft\\services\\Elements::parseRefs` identifies reference tags and resolves them using `_getRefTokenReplacement`. This method fetches the referenced element and accesses the specified attribute via $element-\u003e$attribute.\n\n- Missing Auth Check: It bypasses `canView()` checks.\n- Polymorphic Access: `getElementTypeByRefHandle` allows referencing any element type (entry, asset, user, category).\n- Custom Field Access: Since Craft elements use `__get()` to resolve custom field handles, an attacker is not limited to core attributes. They can exfiltrate any custom field data by enumerating the field handle (e.g. `{entry:123:privateNotes}`).\n\n## Attack Vectors\n\n1. Privilege Escalation / User Data Leak\n\nAn attacker can enumerate sensitive attributes of administrators or other users.\n\n- Payload: `{user:1:email}` or `{user:1:photoId}`\n\n2. Arbitrary Property Reflection \u0026 Server-Side Logic Execution\n\nThe vulnerability allows reflecting any accessible property of the underlying Element model.\n\n- Username/Admin Enumeration: `{user:1:username}` (Confirmed: returns admin), {user:1:admin}.\n- Internal Path Disclosure: Accessing methods that trigger errors (e.g., `{user:1:authKey}`) exposes full server stack traces in the GraphQL error response (e.g., Exception: No user session token exists with paths like `/var/www/html/...`).\n\n3. IDOR on Private Entries \u0026 Assets (Polymorphism)\n\nThe vulnerability is not limited to Users. Reference tags can target any element type.\n\n- Payload: `{entry:456:myConfidentialField}` (Bypasses canView checks).\n- Asset Path Leakage: `{volume:1:path}` can expose internal file system paths.\n\n4. Unauthenticated Exploitation (Public Schema)\n\nConfirmed locally. The `@parseRefs` directive is active in the Public Schema. By injecting a payload into a public-facing field (e.g., a \"News\" entry title), an unauthenticated guest can trigger the resolution and retrieve the sensitive output.\n\n## Steps to Reproduce\n\n1. Setup (Admin Panel):\n- Create a Section (e.g., \"News\") and an Entry Type.\n- Create a new Entry in that section. Set the Title to the payload: {user:1:username} or {user:1:email}.\n- Go to GraphQL \u003e Schemas \u003e Public Schema. Enable it, and ensure \"Query for elements in the Site\" and \"News\" section queries are checked.\n\n2. Execute Exploit (Unauthenticated):\n- Send a POST request to http://localhost:8000/index.php?action=graphql/api:\n```\ncurl -X POST \\\n-H \"Content-Type: application/json\" \\\n-d \u0027{\"query\": \"{ entries { title @parseRefs } }\"}\u0027\n```\n\n3. Observation:\n- The API returns `{\"data\":{\"entries\":[{\"title\":\"admin\"}]}}` (or the email).\n- Using `{user:1:authKey}` triggers an internal server error that leaks the full server path in string format.\n\n## Impact\n\n- Critical Information Disclosure: Full PII enumeration (emails, usernames).\n- System Information Leakage: Absolute server paths via stack traces.\n- Authentication Bypass: Guest accounts can effectively query the database as the system user.\n\n## Recommended Fix\n\nModify `Elements::parseRefs` to enforce `canView` permissions on the resolved element before extracting attributes.\n\n## References\n\nhttps://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/4d98a07e47580f1712095825d3e3c4d67bc9f8b9",
  "id": "GHSA-7x43-mpfg-r9wj",
  "modified": "2026-03-04T18:38:55Z",
  "published": "2026-03-03T20:38:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-7x43-mpfg-r9wj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28696"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/4d98a07e47580f1712095825d3e3c4d67bc9f8b9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/craftcms/cms"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Craft CMS has IDOR via GraphQL @parseRefs"
}