Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14839 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5495-MP9J-58J3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-26 18:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in PickPlugins Product Slider for WooCommerce woocommerce-products-slider allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Product Slider for WooCommerce: from n/a through <= 1.13.60.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-25455"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T17:16:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in PickPlugins Product Slider for WooCommerce woocommerce-products-slider allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Product Slider for WooCommerce: from n/a through \u003c= 1.13.60.",
  "id": "GHSA-5495-mp9j-58j3",
  "modified": "2026-03-26T18:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-03-25T18:31:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25455"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/woocommerce-products-slider/vulnerability/wordpress-product-slider-for-woocommerce-plugin-1-13-60-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54G8-CF5M-QWG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 12:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in PluginEver WP Content Pilot wp-content-pilot allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Content Pilot: from n/a through <= 2.1.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64263"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T10:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in PluginEver WP Content Pilot wp-content-pilot allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Content Pilot: from n/a through \u003c= 2.1.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-54g8-cf5m-qwg3",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:55Z",
  "published": "2025-11-13T12:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-content-pilot/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-content-pilot-plugin-2-1-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-content-pilot/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-content-pilot-plugin-2-1-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54GR-CF5G-5PJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-07-25 15:30
VLAI
Details

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 15.4 before 18.0.5, all versions starting from 18.1 before 18.1.3, all versions starting from 18.2 before 18.2.1 that, under circumstances, could have allowed an unauthorized user to read deployment job logs by sending a crafted request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1299"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-24T07:15:52Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting from 15.4 before 18.0.5, all versions starting from 18.1 before 18.1.3, all versions starting from 18.2 before 18.2.1 that, under circumstances, could have allowed an unauthorized user to read deployment job logs by sending a crafted request.",
  "id": "GHSA-54gr-cf5g-5pjm",
  "modified": "2025-07-25T15:30:41Z",
  "published": "2025-07-25T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1299"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2969145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/519696"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54MC-GGHV-4CFJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-11 14:06
VLAI
Summary
SQLAdmin: Authorization Bypass on `ajax_lookup`
Details

Impact

The ajax_lookup endpoint in application.py bypasses the is_accessible() access control check that all other endpoints enforce.

If a developer restricts model access by overriding is_accessible(), an authenticated user can still query that model's data through the ajax_lookup endpoint — silently bypassing the restriction.

Affected endpoint:

GET /{identity}/ajax/lookup?name=<field>&term=<query>

All other endpoints enforce both checks:

Endpoint @login_required is_accessible()
list
create
edit
delete
details
export
ajax_lookup (before fix)
ajax_lookup (after fix)

Note: before this fix, ajax_lookup also lacked the @login_required decorator — unauthenticated users could query it directly. That was addressed in #1035. This report covers the remaining gap: authenticated but unauthorized users.

Patches

Two changes were made to ajax_lookup:

  1. Replaced the hand-rolled authentication check added in #1035 with the standard @login_required decorator used by all other endpoints.
  2. Added the missing is_accessible(request) check, raising HTTP 403 when it returns False.

Workarounds

None. Developers relying on is_accessible() to restrict model visibility are exposed regardless of what other access controls are in place.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.25.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "sqladmin"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.25.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-46645"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-21T21:31:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T23:16:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe `ajax_lookup` endpoint in `application.py` bypasses the `is_accessible()` access control check that all other endpoints enforce.\n\nIf a developer restricts model access by overriding `is_accessible()`, an authenticated user can still query that model\u0027s data through the `ajax_lookup` endpoint \u2014 silently bypassing the restriction.\n\n**Affected endpoint:**\n\n`GET /{identity}/ajax/lookup?name=\u003cfield\u003e\u0026term=\u003cquery\u003e`\n\n**All other endpoints enforce both checks:**\n\n| Endpoint | `@login_required` | `is_accessible()` |\n|---|---|---|\n| `list` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `create` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `edit` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `delete` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `details` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `export` | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n| `ajax_lookup` (before fix) | \u2717 | \u2717 |\n| `ajax_lookup` (after fix) | \u2713 | \u2713 |\n\nNote: before this fix, `ajax_lookup` also lacked the `@login_required` decorator \u2014 unauthenticated users could query it directly. That was addressed in #1035. This report covers the remaining gap: authenticated but unauthorized users.\n\n### Patches\n\nTwo changes were made to `ajax_lookup`:\n\n1. Replaced the hand-rolled authentication check added in #1035 with the standard `@login_required` decorator used by all other endpoints.\n2. Added the missing `is_accessible(request)` check, raising `HTTP 403` when it returns `False`.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone. Developers relying on `is_accessible()` to restrict model visibility are exposed regardless of what other access controls are in place.",
  "id": "GHSA-54mc-gghv-4cfj",
  "modified": "2026-06-11T14:06:18Z",
  "published": "2026-05-21T21:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smithyhq/sqladmin/security/advisories/GHSA-54mc-gghv-4cfj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smithyhq/sqladmin/pull/1035"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smithyhq/sqladmin/commit/b0d3a19fb9b074a9ed243de46930108375dfbb98"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/smithyhq/sqladmin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/smithyhq/sqladmin/releases/tag/0.25.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "SQLAdmin: Authorization Bypass on `ajax_lookup`"
}

GHSA-54PQ-M8WJ-92V3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-14 06:30 – Updated: 2025-03-14 06:30
VLAI
Details

The VidoRev Extensions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on the 'vidorev_import_single_video' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.9.9.9.9.5. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to import arbitrary youtube videos.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-14T05:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The VidoRev Extensions plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access due to a missing capability check on the \u0027vidorev_import_single_video\u0027 AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 2.9.9.9.9.9.5. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to import arbitrary youtube videos.",
  "id": "GHSA-54pq-m8wj-92v3",
  "modified": "2025-03-14T06:30:42Z",
  "published": "2025-03-14T06:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themeforest.net/item/vidorev-video-wordpress-theme/21798615"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e8c15662-e4df-4a74-bb01-266eeb4879c5?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54QG-GRQX-45XX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in eleopard Behance Portfolio Manager allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Behance Portfolio Manager: from n/a through 1.7.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-29010"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T13:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in eleopard Behance Portfolio Manager allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Behance Portfolio Manager: from n/a through 1.7.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-54qg-grqx-45xx",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:19Z",
  "published": "2025-06-06T15:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-29010"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/portfolio-manager-powered-by-behance/vulnerability/wordpress-behance-portfolio-manager-1-7-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54RJ-QX28-9GCJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 09:30 – Updated: 2026-05-20 09:30
VLAI
Details

The AcyMailing – An Ultimate Newsletter Plugin and Marketing Automation Solution for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 10.8.2. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to modify privileged AcyMailing configuration, export subscriber secret keys, and chain these actions into administrator account takeover when a target administrator email address is known.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-5200"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T08:16:22Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The AcyMailing \u2013 An Ultimate Newsletter Plugin and Marketing Automation Solution for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 10.8.2. This is due to the plugin not properly verifying that a user is authorized to perform an action. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to modify privileged AcyMailing configuration, export subscriber secret keys, and chain these actions into administrator account takeover when a target administrator email address is known.",
  "id": "GHSA-54rj-qx28-9gcj",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T09:30:34Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T09:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5200"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3516422/acymailing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f8470662-2247-4159-9dac-f13677c94bdf?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54RQ-QV6G-7G5H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-20 15:32 – Updated: 2024-03-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

The Order Tip for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the export_tips_to_csv() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to export the plugin's order fees.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1119"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-20T07:15:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Order Tip for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check on the export_tips_to_csv() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.1. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to export the plugin\u0027s order fees.",
  "id": "GHSA-54rq-qv6g-7g5h",
  "modified": "2024-03-20T15:32:47Z",
  "published": "2024-03-20T15:32:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1119"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/order-tip-woo/trunk/admin/controllers/reports.class.php#L359"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3052259%40order-tip-woo\u0026new=3052259%40order-tip-woo\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6f837d6b-d1fa-4019-892a-dca3c0f29ca7?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-54VP-P924-3592

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-20 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33
VLAI
Details

The Gift Cards (Gift Vouchers and Packages) (WooCommerce Supported) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data|loss of data due to a missing capability check on the 'update_voucher_price', 'update_voucher_date', 'update_voucher_note' functions in all versions up to, and including, 4.4.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the value, expiration date, and user note for any gift voucher.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-13520"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-20T10:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Gift Cards (Gift Vouchers and Packages) (WooCommerce Supported) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data|loss of data due to a missing capability check on the \u0027update_voucher_price\u0027, \u0027update_voucher_date\u0027, \u0027update_voucher_note\u0027 functions in all versions up to, and including, 4.4.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update the value, expiration date, and user note for any gift voucher.",
  "id": "GHSA-54vp-p924-3592",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:49Z",
  "published": "2025-02-20T12:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13520"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/gift-voucher/trunk/include/edit-order-voucher.php#L30"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/gift-voucher/trunk/include/edit-order-voucher.php#L5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/gift-voucher/trunk/include/edit-order-voucher.php#L56"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3246800"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/190a21cd-9716-4a57-a793-63309c339427?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5525-5WVP-F98H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Magazine3 Easy Table of Contents allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Easy Table of Contents: from n/a through 2.0.45.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-25469"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:23Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Magazine3 Easy Table of Contents allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Easy Table of Contents: from n/a through 2.0.45.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-5525-5wvp-f98h",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:16Z",
  "published": "2024-12-09T15:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/easy-table-of-contents/vulnerability/wordpress-easy-table-of-contents-plugin-2-0-45-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.