Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14892 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4MQ4-C3QH-V9P6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in guihom Wide Banner allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Wide Banner: from n/a through 1.0.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-58919"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T09:15:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in guihom Wide Banner allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Wide Banner: from n/a through 1.0.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mq4-c3qh-v9p6",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:20Z",
  "published": "2025-09-26T09:31:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-58919"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wide-banner/vulnerability/wordpress-wide-banner-plugin-1-0-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MR4-Q2Q7-HMGC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-15 06:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:33
VLAI
Details

The School Management System – WPSchoolPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation due to a missing capability check on the wpsp_UpdateTeacher() function in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.16. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with teacher-level access and above, to update arbitrary user details including email which makes it possible to request a password reset and access arbitrary user accounts, including administrators.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1667"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-15T04:15:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The School Management System \u2013 WPSchoolPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation due to a missing capability check on the wpsp_UpdateTeacher() function in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.16. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with teacher-level access and above, to update arbitrary user details including email which makes it possible to request a password reset and access arbitrary user accounts, including administrators.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mr4-q2q7-hmgc",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:33:03Z",
  "published": "2025-03-15T06:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1667"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpschoolpress/tags/2.2.16/lib/wpsp-ajaxworks-teacher.php#L544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/wpschoolpress/tags/2.2.17/lib/wpsp-ajaxworks-teacher.php#L544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e54f98bc-c538-4f3c-b24a-6e778a3748ef?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MVC-33V7-CQC3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:25 – Updated: 2024-01-30 22:21
VLAI
Summary
Missing permission check in Jenkins sinatra-chef-builder Plugin
Details

A missing permission check in Jenkins Chef Sinatra Plugin in the ChefBuilderConfiguration.DescriptorImpl#doTestConnection form validation method allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to initiate a connection to an attacker-specified server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:sinatra-chef-builder"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.20"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-1003087"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-30T22:21:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-04T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A missing permission check in Jenkins Chef Sinatra Plugin in the ChefBuilderConfiguration.DescriptorImpl#doTestConnection form validation method allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to initiate a connection to an attacker-specified server.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mvc-33v7-cqc3",
  "modified": "2024-01-30T22:21:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:25:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1003087"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-04-03/#SECURITY-1037"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/04/12/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107790"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing permission check in Jenkins sinatra-chef-builder Plugin"
}

GHSA-4MVH-JG3R-RMJ5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-13 21:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in raratheme Kalon kalon allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Kalon: from n/a through <= 1.2.9.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32376"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:54:52Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in raratheme Kalon kalon allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Kalon: from n/a through \u003c= 1.2.9.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mvh-jg3r-rmj5",
  "modified": "2026-03-13T21:31:48Z",
  "published": "2026-03-13T21:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32376"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/kalon/vulnerability/wordpress-kalon-theme-1-2-9-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MVV-F9GF-4M5Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-13 18:30
VLAI
Details

Missing authorization in the PAM module in Devolutions Server allows an authenticated user with a PAM license but no additional permissions to obtain OTP secret keys and recovery codes via crafted requests to PAM API endpoints.

This issue affects the following versions :

Devolutions Server 2026.1.6.0 through 2026.1.11.0

Devolutions Server 2025.3.16.0 and earlier

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8407"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T17:16:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing authorization in the PAM module in Devolutions Server allows an authenticated user with a PAM license but no additional permissions to obtain OTP secret keys and recovery codes via crafted requests to PAM API endpoints.\n\n\n\nThis issue affects the following versions :\n\n  *  \n\nDevolutions Server 2026.1.6.0 through 2026.1.11.0\n\n\n  *  \n\nDevolutions Server 2025.3.16.0 and earlier",
  "id": "GHSA-4mvv-f9gf-4m5q",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T18:30:46Z",
  "published": "2026-05-12T18:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8407"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2026-0010"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MVV-V35X-R8H9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-19 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Jeroen Peters Name Directory.This issue affects Name Directory: from n/a through 1.30.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-39454"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-19T18:15:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Jeroen Peters Name Directory.This issue affects Name Directory: from n/a through 1.30.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mvv-v35x-r8h9",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:12Z",
  "published": "2025-05-19T18:30:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39454"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/name-directory/vulnerability/wordpress-name-directory-plugin-1-30-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MVX-J4WR-WQRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-12 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-12 18:31
VLAI
Details

The Aqara Cloud Production API (open-cn.aqara.com/v3.0/open/api) would authorize any valid developer token for access to any account. This is an instance of "CWE-862: Missing Authorization" with an estimated CVSS of CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N (9.6 Critical). When combined with CVE-2026-50082, CVE-50083, and CVE-50085, this can lead to a fully unauthenticated, remote takeover of affected devices.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50084"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T16:16:31Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Aqara Cloud Production API (open-cn.aqara.com/v3.0/open/api) would authorize any valid developer token for access to any account. This is an instance of \"CWE-862: Missing Authorization\" with an estimated CVSS of CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N (9.6 Critical). When combined with CVE-2026-50082, CVE-50083, and CVE-50085, this can lead to a fully unauthenticated, remote takeover of affected devices.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mvx-j4wr-wqrc",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T18:31:58Z",
  "published": "2026-06-12T18:31:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xn0tsa/theres-no-place-like-home"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.runzero.com/advisories/aqara-api-access-cve-2026-50084"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MWR-PH22-WCC2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Gravitec.net - Web Push Notifications Gravitec.net – Web Push Notifications gravitec-net-web-push-notifications allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Gravitec.net – Web Push Notifications: from n/a through <= 2.9.17.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62869"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:18:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Gravitec.net - Web Push Notifications Gravitec.net \u0026#8211; Web Push Notifications gravitec-net-web-push-notifications allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Gravitec.net \u0026#8211; Web Push Notifications: from n/a through \u003c= 2.9.17.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mwr-ph22-wcc2",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:02Z",
  "published": "2025-12-09T18:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62869"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/gravitec-net-web-push-notifications/vulnerability/wordpress-gravitec-net-web-push-notifications-plugin-2-9-17-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/gravitec-net-web-push-notifications/vulnerability/wordpress-gravitec-net-web-push-notifications-plugin-2-9-17-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MWW-42Q2-85HQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 12:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 12:31
VLAI
Details

The Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 7.3.2 via the automator_google_contacts_fetch_labels, automator_mautic_segment_fetch, automator_mautic_tags_fetch, and automator_mautic_render_contact_fields AJAX actions due to a missing capability check and missing nonce verification in the corresponding handlers (ajax_fetch_labels, segments_fetch, tags_fetch, and render_contact_fields). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to enumerate sensitive Google Contacts groups/labels and Mautic segments, tags, and contact-field definitions retrieved via integration credentials configured by an administrator, and to consume third-party API quota.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-15025"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T12:16:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Uncanny Automator \u2013 Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks \u0026 Workflow Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in versions up to, and including, 7.3.2 via the automator_google_contacts_fetch_labels, automator_mautic_segment_fetch, automator_mautic_tags_fetch, and automator_mautic_render_contact_fields AJAX actions due to a missing capability check and missing nonce verification in the corresponding handlers (ajax_fetch_labels, segments_fetch, tags_fetch, and render_contact_fields). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to enumerate sensitive Google Contacts groups/labels and Mautic segments, tags, and contact-field definitions retrieved via integration credentials configured by an administrator, and to consume third-party API quota.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mww-42q2-85hq",
  "modified": "2026-07-28T12:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-07-28T12:31:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/google-contacts/google-contacts-integration.php#L70"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/google-contacts/helpers/google-contacts-helper.php#L113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L302"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.2.1/src/integrations/mautic/mautic-integration.php#L60"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/google-contacts/google-contacts-integration.php#L70"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/google-contacts/helpers/google-contacts-helper.php#L113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/mautic/helpers/mautic-app-helpers.php#L302"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/uncanny-automator/tags/7.3.1.4/src/integrations/mautic/mautic-integration.php#L60"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3607785%40uncanny-automator\u0026new=3607785%40uncanny-automator"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1bfa1538-7722-458d-a6a5-adde03e21e1a?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4MX6-QMP8-735W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:01 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:01
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in manager.c in Sangoma Asterisk through 13.x, 16.x, 17.x and Certified Asterisk 13.21 through 13.21-cert4. A remote authenticated Asterisk Manager Interface (AMI) user without system authorization could use a specially crafted Originate AMI request to execute arbitrary system commands.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-18610"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-22T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in manager.c in Sangoma Asterisk through 13.x, 16.x, 17.x and Certified Asterisk 13.21 through 13.21-cert4. A remote authenticated Asterisk Manager Interface (AMI) user without system authorization could use a specially crafted Originate AMI request to execute arbitrary system commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-4mx6-qmp8-735w",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:01:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:01:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/11/msg00038.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/04/msg00001.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.asterisk.org/downloads/security-advisories"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/security/AST-2019-007.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.