Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14627 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WM3H-3HJP-64V8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Suresh Chand CHP Ads Block Detector allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects CHP Ads Block Detector: from n/a through 3.9.5.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36509"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Suresh Chand CHP Ads Block Detector allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects CHP Ads Block Detector: from n/a through 3.9.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-wm3h-3hjp-64v8",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:23Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/chp-ads-block-detector/vulnerability/wordpress-chp-ads-block-detector-plugin-3-9-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WM4F-VPR2-QFQ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-06-09 12:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Unlimited Elements Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates).This issue affects Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates): from n/a through 1.5.65.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31080"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-09T10:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Unlimited Elements Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates).This issue affects Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates): from n/a through 1.5.65.",
  "id": "GHSA-wm4f-vpr2-qfq9",
  "modified": "2024-06-09T12:30:51Z",
  "published": "2024-06-09T12:30:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31080"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/unlimited-elements-for-elementor/wordpress-unlimited-elements-for-elementor-plugin-1-5-65-multiple-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WM7R-3QXJ-5XGQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 21:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 18:57
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: Grafana Improper Access Control vulnerability
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-cvm3-pp2j-chr3. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

Grafana is an open-source platform for monitoring and observability.

The option to send a test alert is not available from the user panel UI for users having the Viewer role. It is still possible for a user with the Viewer role to send a test alert using the API as the API does not check access to this function.

This might enable malicious users to abuse the functionality by sending multiple alert messages to e-mail and Slack, spamming users, prepare Phishing attack or block SMTP server.

Users may upgrade to version 9.5.3, 9.4.12, 9.3.15, 9.2.19 and 8.5.26 to receive a fix.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/grafana"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.5.26"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/grafana"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.2.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/grafana"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.3.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.3.15"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/grafana"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.4.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/grafana/grafana"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.5.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.5.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-07T15:08:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T19:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-cvm3-pp2j-chr3. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nGrafana is an open-source platform for monitoring and observability. \n\nThe option to send a test alert is not available from the user panel UI for users having the Viewer role. It is still possible for a user with the Viewer role to send a test alert using the API as the API does not check access to this function.\n\nThis might enable malicious users to abuse the functionality by sending multiple alert messages to e-mail and Slack, spamming users, prepare Phishing attack or block SMTP server.\n\nUsers may upgrade to version 9.5.3, 9.4.12, 9.3.15, 9.2.19 and 8.5.26 to receive a fix.",
  "id": "GHSA-wm7r-3qxj-5xgq",
  "modified": "2025-02-13T18:57:03Z",
  "published": "2023-06-06T21:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/bugbounty/security/advisories/GHSA-cvm3-pp2j-chr3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2183"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/grafana/grafana"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/security/security-advisories/cve-2023-2183"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230706-0002"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Grafana Improper Access Control vulnerability",
  "withdrawn": "2023-06-09T22:54:42Z"
}

GHSA-WM8H-26FV-MG7G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 20:17 – Updated: 2026-01-28 04:43
VLAI
Summary
phpMyFAQ: /api/setup/backup accessible to any authenticated user (authz missing)
Details

Summary

Authenticated non‑admin users can call /api/setup/backup and trigger a configuration backup. The endpoint only checks authentication, not authorization, and returns a link to the generated ZIP.

Details

SetupController.php uses userIsAuthenticated() but does not verify that the requester has configuration/admin permissions. This allows any logged‑in user to create a sensitive backup and retrieve its path.

PoC

Precondition: API enabled, any authenticated non‑admin user. - Log in as a non‑admin user. - Call backup endpoint.

curl -c /tmp/pmf_api_cookies.txt \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{"username":"tester","password":"Test1234!"}' \
  http://192.168.40.16/phpmyfaq/api/v3.0/login

curl -i -b /tmp/pmf_api_cookies.txt \
  -X POST --data '4.0.16' \
  http://192.168.40.16/phpmyfaq/api/setup/backup

Impact

Low‑privileged users can generate sensitive backups. If the ZIP is web‑accessible (server misconfiguration), this can lead to secret exposure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.0.16"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpmyfaq/phpmyfaq"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.17"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.0.16"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "thorsten/phpmyfaq"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.17"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-24421"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-23T20:17:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-24T02:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nAuthenticated non\u2011admin users can call /api/setup/backup and trigger a configuration backup. The endpoint only checks authentication, not authorization, and returns a link to the generated ZIP.\n\n### Details\nSetupController.php uses userIsAuthenticated() but does not verify that the requester has configuration/admin permissions. This allows any logged\u2011in user to create a sensitive backup and retrieve its path.\n\n### PoC\nPrecondition: API enabled, any authenticated non\u2011admin user.\n- Log in as a non\u2011admin user.\n- Call backup endpoint.\n```\ncurl -c /tmp/pmf_api_cookies.txt \\\n  -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n  -d \u0027{\"username\":\"tester\",\"password\":\"Test1234!\"}\u0027 \\\n  http://192.168.40.16/phpmyfaq/api/v3.0/login\n\ncurl -i -b /tmp/pmf_api_cookies.txt \\\n  -X POST --data \u00274.0.16\u0027 \\\n  http://192.168.40.16/phpmyfaq/api/setup/backup\n```\n\n### Impact\nLow\u2011privileged users can generate sensitive backups. If the ZIP is web\u2011accessible (server misconfiguration), this can lead to secret exposure.",
  "id": "GHSA-wm8h-26fv-mg7g",
  "modified": "2026-01-28T04:43:46Z",
  "published": "2026-01-23T20:17:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ/security/advisories/GHSA-wm8h-26fv-mg7g"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24421"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/thorsten/phpMyFAQ"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "phpMyFAQ: /api/setup/backup accessible to any authenticated user (authz missing)"
}

GHSA-WMCJ-RJ62-7Q33

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-19 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Projectopia Projectopia allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Projectopia: from n/a through 5.1.17.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48257"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-19T15:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Projectopia Projectopia allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Projectopia: from n/a through 5.1.17.",
  "id": "GHSA-wmcj-rj62-7q33",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:09Z",
  "published": "2025-05-19T15:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48257"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/projectopia-core/vulnerability/wordpress-projectopia-5-1-17-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WMF5-GP42-GQ5M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2026-06-22 21:30
VLAI
Details

MISP before 2.4.135 lacks an ACL check, related to app/Controller/GalaxyElementsController.php and app/Model/GalaxyElement.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-29006"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-11-24T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "MISP before 2.4.135 lacks an ACL check, related to app/Controller/GalaxyElementsController.php and app/Model/GalaxyElement.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-wmf5-gp42-gq5m",
  "modified": "2026-06-22T21:30:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:34:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/423750573d07f1a463f115ef37182c1825080da4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/compare/v2.4.134...v2.4.135"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WMF5-J34H-GM23

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Club Manager.This issue affects WP Club Manager: from n/a through 2.2.11.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32719"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:37:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Club Manager.This issue affects WP Club Manager: from n/a through 2.2.11.",
  "id": "GHSA-wmf5-j34h-gm23",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:46Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T18:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32719"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-club-manager/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-club-manager-plugin-2-2-11-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-club-manager/wordpress-wp-club-manager-plugin-2-2-11-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WMG6-FRPW-PG5X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-20 18:30 – Updated: 2022-12-20 18:30
VLAI
Details

In onCreate of AddAppNetworksActivity.java, there is a possible way for a guest user to configure WiFi networks due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-224772678

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20519"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In onCreate of AddAppNetworksActivity.java, there is a possible way for a guest user to configure WiFi networks due to a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-13Android ID: A-224772678",
  "id": "GHSA-wmg6-frpw-pg5x",
  "modified": "2022-12-20T18:30:20Z",
  "published": "2022-12-20T18:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20519"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-12-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WMHP-G4MM-69RG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-03 15:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in By Averta Shortcodes and extra features for Phlox theme allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Shortcodes and extra features for Phlox theme: from n/a through 2.17.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-50500"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-03T15:15:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in By Averta Shortcodes and extra features for Phlox theme allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Shortcodes and extra features for Phlox theme: from n/a through 2.17.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-wmhp-g4mm-69rg",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:31Z",
  "published": "2025-02-03T15:32:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50500"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/auxin-elements/vulnerability/wordpress-phlox-core-elements-plugin-2-17-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WMJH-JXM3-H3X6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-03 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Malcure Web Security Malcure Malware Scanner allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Malcure Malware Scanner: from n/a through 16.8.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3701"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-03T13:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Malcure Web Security Malcure Malware Scanner allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Malcure Malware Scanner: from n/a through 16.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-wmjh-jxm3-h3x6",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:02Z",
  "published": "2025-09-03T15:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3701"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-malware-removal/vulnerability/wordpress-malcure-malware-scanner-plugin-16-8-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.