Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14955 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-P2RJ-MRMC-9W29

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 00:03 – Updated: 2026-05-27 00:03
VLAI
Summary
Yamcs vulnerable to unauthorized user enumeration via IAM API endpoints
Details

Summary

The IAM API endpoints (listUsers, getUser, listGroups, and getGroup) in yamcs-core do not enforce the required SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess check. As a result, any authenticated user (even those with low or no privileges) can enumerate all user accounts in the system, including their usernames, superuser status, and group memberships.

This constitutes a broken access control vulnerability (CWE-862) that leaks sensitive user information.

Root Cause

File: yamcs-core/src/main/java/org/yamcs/http/api/IamApi.java:125,180,357,372

listUsers(), getUser(), listGroups(), and getGroup() do not require SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess. Any authenticated user — regardless of privileges — can enumerate all users, their superuser status, and group memberships:

// listUsers — NO checkSystemPrivilege
public void listUsers(Context ctx, Empty request, ...) {
    var sensitiveDetails = ctx.user.hasSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess);
    // sensitiveDetails=false for low-priv users, but name/superuser/active still exposed
    for (User user : users) {
        UserInfo userb = toUserInfo(user, sensitiveDetails, directory);
        responseb.addUsers(userb);
    }
}

Compare with properly protected endpoints:

// createUser — correctly protected
public void createUser(Context ctx, ...) {
    ctx.checkSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess); // present

Impact

Any authenticated user can:

  1. List all user accounts in the system
  2. Identify which accounts have superuser privileges
  3. Use this information to target privileged accounts

Proof of Concept

# Authenticate as any low-privilege user GET access_token
curl -s -X POST "http://localhost:8090/auth/token" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
  -d "grant_type=password&username=lowpriv&password=lowpriv123"

# Enumerate all users — no ControlAccess required
curl -s "http://TARGET:8090/api/users" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" #paste access_token

Output (confirmed):

{
  "users": [
    { "name": "admin", "superuser": true, "active": true },
    { "name": "operator", "superuser": true, "active": true },
    { "name": "lowpriv", "superuser": false, "active": true }
  ]
}

Fix

Add ControlAccess check to listUsers, getUser, listGroups, getGroup:

public void listUsers(Context ctx, Empty request, ...) {
    ctx.checkSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess); // ADD THIS
    ...
}
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.yamcs:yamcs-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.12.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44595"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-27T00:03:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe IAM API endpoints (`listUsers`, `getUser`, `listGroups`, and `getGroup`) in `yamcs-core` do not enforce the required `SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess` check. As a result, **any authenticated user** (even those with low or no privileges) can enumerate all user accounts in the system, including their usernames, superuser status, and group memberships.\n\nThis constitutes a broken access control vulnerability (CWE-862) that leaks sensitive user information.\n\n### Root Cause\n\n**File:** `yamcs-core/src/main/java/org/yamcs/http/api/IamApi.java:125,180,357,372`\n\n`listUsers()`, `getUser()`, `listGroups()`, and `getGroup()` do not require `SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess`. Any authenticated user \u2014 regardless of privileges \u2014 can enumerate all users, their superuser status, and group memberships:\n\n```java\n// listUsers \u2014 NO checkSystemPrivilege\npublic void listUsers(Context ctx, Empty request, ...) {\n    var sensitiveDetails = ctx.user.hasSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess);\n    // sensitiveDetails=false for low-priv users, but name/superuser/active still exposed\n    for (User user : users) {\n        UserInfo userb = toUserInfo(user, sensitiveDetails, directory);\n        responseb.addUsers(userb);\n    }\n}\n```\n\nCompare with properly protected endpoints:\n\n```java\n// createUser \u2014 correctly protected\npublic void createUser(Context ctx, ...) {\n    ctx.checkSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess); // present\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAny authenticated user can:\n\n1. List all user accounts in the system\n2. Identify which accounts have superuser privileges\n3. Use this information to target privileged accounts\n\n### Proof of Concept\n\n```bash\n# Authenticate as any low-privilege user GET access_token\ncurl -s -X POST \"http://localhost:8090/auth/token\" \\\n  -H \"Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\" \\\n  -d \"grant_type=password\u0026username=lowpriv\u0026password=lowpriv123\"\n\n# Enumerate all users \u2014 no ControlAccess required\ncurl -s \"http://TARGET:8090/api/users\" \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN\" #paste access_token\n```\n\n**Output (confirmed):**\n\n```json\n{\n  \"users\": [\n    { \"name\": \"admin\", \"superuser\": true, \"active\": true },\n    { \"name\": \"operator\", \"superuser\": true, \"active\": true },\n    { \"name\": \"lowpriv\", \"superuser\": false, \"active\": true }\n  ]\n}\n```\n\n### Fix\n\nAdd `ControlAccess` check to `listUsers`, `getUser`, `listGroups`, `getGroup`:\n\n```java\npublic void listUsers(Context ctx, Empty request, ...) {\n    ctx.checkSystemPrivilege(SystemPrivilege.ControlAccess); // ADD THIS\n    ...\n}\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-p2rj-mrmc-9w29",
  "modified": "2026-05-27T00:03:56Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T00:03:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/security/advisories/GHSA-p2rj-mrmc-9w29"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Yamcs vulnerable to unauthorized user enumeration via IAM API endpoints"
}

GHSA-P2RX-FHCG-CP9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-11 12:32 – Updated: 2024-12-11 12:32
VLAI
Details

The RapidLoad – Optimize Web Vitals Automatically plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a missing capability check on the uucss_data, update_rapidload_settings, wp_ajax_update_htaccess_file, uucss_update_rule, upload_rules, get_all_rules, update_titan_settings, preload_page, and activate_module functions in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to modify plugin settings or conduct SQL injection attacks.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-11840"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-11T11:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The RapidLoad \u2013 Optimize Web Vitals Automatically plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a missing capability check on the uucss_data, update_rapidload_settings, wp_ajax_update_htaccess_file, uucss_update_rule, upload_rules, get_all_rules, update_titan_settings, preload_page, and activate_module functions in all versions up to, and including, 2.4.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to modify plugin settings or conduct SQL injection attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-p2rx-fhcg-cp9f",
  "modified": "2024-12-11T12:32:26Z",
  "published": "2024-12-11T12:32:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11840"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3202982/unusedcss"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/2c8ff4ec-9b40-4d59-b3b0-382f91042a4a?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P2V3-Q8R8-FHJV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 03:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in clicksend SMS Contact Form 7 Notifications by ClickSend clicksend-contactform7 allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects SMS Contact Form 7 Notifications by ClickSend: from n/a through <= 1.4.0.

Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62915"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-27T02:15:50Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in clicksend SMS Contact Form 7 Notifications by ClickSend clicksend-contactform7 allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects SMS Contact Form 7 Notifications by ClickSend: from n/a through \u003c= 1.4.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-p2v3-q8r8-fhjv",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:36Z",
  "published": "2025-10-27T03:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62915"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/clicksend-contactform7/vulnerability/wordpress-sms-contact-form-7-notifications-by-clicksend-plugin-1-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/clicksend-contactform7/vulnerability/wordpress-sms-contact-form-7-notifications-by-clicksend-plugin-1-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/clicksend-contactform7/vulnerability/wordpress-sms-contact-form-7-notifications-by-clicksend-plugin-1-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P2VQ-Q8R6-6MG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-25 12:32 – Updated: 2025-02-25 12:32
VLAI
Details

The Enfold theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check in avia-export-class.php in all versions up to, and including, 6.0.9. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to export all avia settings which may included sensitive information such as the Mailchimp API Key, reCAPTCHA Secret Key, or Envato private token if they are set.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-13693"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-25T10:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Enfold theme for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to a missing capability check in avia-export-class.php in all versions up to, and including, 6.0.9. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to export all avia settings which may included sensitive information such as the Mailchimp API Key, reCAPTCHA Secret Key, or Envato private token if they are set.",
  "id": "GHSA-p2vq-q8r6-6mg3",
  "modified": "2025-02-25T12:32:17Z",
  "published": "2025-02-25T12:32:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://themeforest.net/item/enfold-responsive-multipurpose-theme/4519990#item-description__changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/61a9ad18-28d4-488c-b3a7-e35745f9c83e?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P2VW-F87C-Q597

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-29 00:00 – Updated: 2023-06-30 20:10
VLAI
Summary
Improper Access Control in snipe/snipe-it
Details

Snipe-IT prior to 5.4.4 is vulnerable to Missing Authorization.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "snipe/snipe-it"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.4.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1511"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-24T21:13:53Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-28T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Snipe-IT prior to 5.4.4 is vulnerable to Missing Authorization.",
  "id": "GHSA-p2vw-f87c-q597",
  "modified": "2023-06-30T20:10:46Z",
  "published": "2022-04-29T00:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1511"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/snipe/snipe-it/pull/10991"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/snipe/snipe-it/commit/2e9cf8fa87a025c0eac9f79f4864b3fdd33a950c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/snipe/snipe-it"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/4a1723e9-5bc4-4c4b-bceb-1c45964cc71d"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Access Control in snipe/snipe-it"
}

GHSA-P323-2X9W-G358

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in StellarWP WPComplete wpcomplete allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects WPComplete: from n/a through <= 2.9.5.3.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49906"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-22T15:15:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in StellarWP WPComplete wpcomplete allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects WPComplete: from n/a through \u003c= 2.9.5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-p323-2x9w-g358",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:23Z",
  "published": "2025-10-22T15:31:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49906"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wpcomplete/vulnerability/wordpress-wpcomplete-plugin-2-9-5-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wpcomplete/vulnerability/wordpress-wpcomplete-plugin-2-9-5-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wpcomplete/vulnerability/wordpress-wpcomplete-plugin-2-9-5-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P334-GFHQ-C7W6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 15:30 – Updated: 2026-05-06 22:44
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Script Security Plugin: Missing permission checks allow enumeration of pending and approved classpaths
Details

Jenkins Script Security Plugin versions 1399.ve6a_66547f6e1 and earlier do not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.

This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate pending and approved Script Security classpaths.

Script Security Plugin 1402.v94c9ce464861 requires Overall/Administer permission to enumerate pending and approved Script Security classpaths.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:script-security"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1402.v94c9ce464861"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42519"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-06T22:44:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-29T14:16:18Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Script Security Plugin versions 1399.ve6a_66547f6e1 and earlier do not perform a permission check in an HTTP endpoint.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to enumerate pending and approved Script Security classpaths.\n\nScript Security Plugin 1402.v94c9ce464861 requires Overall/Administer permission to enumerate pending and approved Script Security classpaths.",
  "id": "GHSA-p334-gfhq-c7w6",
  "modified": "2026-05-06T22:44:55Z",
  "published": "2026-04-29T15:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42519"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/script-security-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2026-04-29/#SECURITY-3662"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Script Security Plugin: Missing permission checks allow enumeration of pending and approved classpaths "
}

GHSA-P34G-PVRV-G554

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-23 15:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Artisan Workshop Japanized For WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Japanized For WooCommerce: from n/a through 2.6.4.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-47698"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:29Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Artisan Workshop Japanized For WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Japanized For WooCommerce: from n/a through 2.6.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-p34g-pvrv-g554",
  "modified": "2026-04-23T15:33:35Z",
  "published": "2024-12-09T15:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47698"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/woocommerce-for-japan/vulnerability/wordpress-japanized-for-woocommerce-plugin-2-6-4-multiple-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P35H-R99R-9FCM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-08 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-08 18:31
VLAI
Details

STACKIT IaaS API contains a missing authorization check vulnerability that allows authenticated, low-privileged attackers to escalate privileges to full organization compromise by attaching arbitrary service accounts to virtual machines they control. Attackers can exploit the unvalidated PUT servers service-accounts endpoint to attach high-privileged service accounts and query the Instance Metadata Service to retrieve OAuth2 tokens, bypassing tenant boundaries and gaining unauthorized control over the entire organization environment.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-39910"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-08T17:16:42Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "STACKIT IaaS API contains a missing authorization check vulnerability that allows authenticated, low-privileged attackers to escalate privileges to full organization compromise by attaching arbitrary service accounts to virtual machines they control. Attackers can exploit the unvalidated PUT servers service-accounts endpoint to attach high-privileged service accounts and query the Instance Metadata Service to retrieve OAuth2 tokens, bypassing tenant boundaries and gaining unauthorized control over the entire organization environment.",
  "id": "GHSA-p35h-r99r-9fcm",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T18:31:51Z",
  "published": "2026-06-08T18:31:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-39910"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://status.stackit.cloud"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/stackit-iaas-api-privilege-escalation-via-service-account-attachment"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-P36V-JRHM-CWG2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-24 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Carlo La Pera WP Customize Login Page allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects WP Customize Login Page: from n/a through 1.6.5.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46485"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-24T16:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Carlo La Pera WP Customize Login Page allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs. This issue affects WP Customize Login Page: from n/a through 1.6.5.",
  "id": "GHSA-p36v-jrhm-cwg2",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:57Z",
  "published": "2025-04-24T18:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46485"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-customize-login-page/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-customize-login-page-1-6-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.

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