CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2178 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4FJ6-9R38-4V86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-30 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:31A security flaw involving hard-coded credentials in LevelOne WBR-6012's web services allows attackers to gain unauthorized access during the first 30 seconds post-boot. Other vulnerabilities can force a reboot, circumventing the initial time restriction for exploitation.The backdoor string can be found at address 0x80100910
80100910 40 6d 21 74 ds "@m!t2K1"
32 4b 31 00
It is referenced by the function located at 0x800b78b0 and is used as shown in the pseudocode below:
if ((SECOND_FROM_BOOT_TIME < 300) &&
(is_equal = strcmp(password,"@m!t2K1")) {
return 1;}
Where 1 is the return value to admin-level access (0 being fail and 3 being user).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28875"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-30T14:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A security flaw involving hard-coded credentials in LevelOne WBR-6012\u0027s web services allows attackers to gain unauthorized access during the first 30 seconds post-boot. Other vulnerabilities can force a reboot, circumventing the initial time restriction for exploitation.The backdoor string can be found at address 0x80100910\n\n 80100910 40 6d 21 74 ds \"@m!t2K1\"\n 32 4b 31 00\n \nIt is referenced by the function located at 0x800b78b0 and is used as shown in the pseudocode below:\n\n if ((SECOND_FROM_BOOT_TIME \u003c 300) \u0026\u0026\n (is_equal = strcmp(password,\"@m!t2K1\")) {\n return 1;}\n \nWhere 1 is the return value to admin-level access (0 being fail and 3 being user).",
"id": "GHSA-4fj6-9r38-4v86",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:31:53Z",
"published": "2024-10-30T15:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28875"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1979"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-1979"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4FPJ-5V33-6X96
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:25 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:25The Norton Identity Safe product prior to 5.3.0.976 may be susceptible to a privilege escalation issue via a hard coded IV, which is a type of vulnerability that can potentially increase the likelihood of encrypted data being recovered without adequate credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12240"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-29T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Norton Identity Safe product prior to 5.3.0.976 may be susceptible to a privilege escalation issue via a hard coded IV, which is a type of vulnerability that can potentially increase the likelihood of encrypted data being recovered without adequate credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-4fpj-5v33-6x96",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:25:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:25:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12240"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.symantec.com/en_US/article.SYMSA1460.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105146"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4FPW-6GVJ-W9XF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-22 09:31 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:43'OfferBox' App for Android versions 2.0.0 to 2.3.17 and 'OfferBox' App for iOS versions 2.1.7 to 2.6.14 use a hard-coded secret key for JWT. Secret key for JWT may be retrieved if the application binary is reverse-engineered.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32988"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-22T08:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\u0027OfferBox\u0027 App for Android versions 2.0.0 to 2.3.17 and \u0027OfferBox\u0027 App for iOS versions 2.1.7 to 2.6.14 use a hard-coded secret key for JWT. Secret key for JWT may be retrieved if the application binary is reverse-engineered.",
"id": "GHSA-4fpw-6gvj-w9xf",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:43:06Z",
"published": "2024-05-22T09:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN83405304"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G29-9CR3-V367
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:52 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:52MASTER IPCAMERA01 3.3.4.2103 devices allow Unauthenticated Configuration Change, as demonstrated by the port number of the web server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-16T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "MASTER IPCAMERA01 3.3.4.2103 devices allow Unauthenticated Configuration Change, as demonstrated by the port number of the web server.",
"id": "GHSA-4g29-9cr3-v367",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:52:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:52:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/145935/Master-IP-CAM-01-Hardcoded-Password-Unauthenticated-Access.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43693"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://syrion.me/blog/master-ipcam"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G38-9X5C-PQ58
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30Softing Secure Integration Server Hardcoded Cryptographic Key Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Softing Secure Integration Server. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.
The specific flaw exists within libopcuaclient.so. The issue results from hardcoding crytographic keys within the product. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose stored credentials, leading to further compromise. Was ZDI-CAN-20610.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39482"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Softing Secure Integration Server Hardcoded Cryptographic Key Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Softing Secure Integration Server. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within libopcuaclient.so. The issue results from hardcoding crytographic keys within the product. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose stored credentials, leading to further compromise. Was ZDI-CAN-20610.",
"id": "GHSA-4g38-9x5c-pq58",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G48-423M-8V44
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-19 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-03 00:31Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 22.0.951, Application prior to 20.0.2368 (VA and SaaS deployments) contain an undocumented local user account named ubuntu with a preset password and a sudoers entry granting that account passwordless root privileges (ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL). Anyone who knows the hardcoded password can obtain root privileges via local console or equivalent administrative access, enabling local privilege escalation. NOTE: The patch for this vulnerability is reported to be incomplete: /etc/shadow was remediated but /etc/sudoers remains vulnerable.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-34197"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T19:15:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 22.0.951, Application prior to 20.0.2368 (VA and SaaS deployments) contain an undocumented local user account named ubuntu with a preset password and a sudoers entry granting that account passwordless root privileges (ubuntu ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL). Anyone who knows the hardcoded password can obtain root privileges via local console or equivalent administrative access, enabling local privilege escalation. NOTE: The patch for this vulnerability is reported to be incomplete:\u00a0/etc/shadow was remediated but /etc/sudoers remains vulnerable.",
"id": "GHSA-4g48-423m-8v44",
"modified": "2025-10-03T00:31:01Z",
"published": "2025-09-19T21:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34197"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/va/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasion-printerlogic-83-vulnerabilities.html#va-hardcoded-password-ubuntu"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vasion-print-printerlogic-undocumented-local-account-with-hardcoded-password-and-passwordless-sudo"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G4W-X2J6-RP8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-29 00:00 – Updated: 2024-02-13 18:38Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager 5.02 uses Hard-coded Credentials. According to FSCT-2022-0052, there is a Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager hardcoded credentials issue. The affected components are characterized as: POLO bootloader. The potential impact is: Manipulate firmware. The Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager utilizes the DCOM-232/485 serial interface for firmware management purposes. When booting, the Safety Manager exposes the Enea POLO bootloader via this interface. Access to the boot configuration is controlled by means of credentials hardcoded in the Safety Manager firmware. The credentials for the bootloader are hardcoded in the firmware. An attacker with access to the serial interface (either through physical access, a compromised EWS or an exposed serial-to-ethernet gateway) can utilize these credentials to control the boot process and manipulate the unauthenticated firmware image (see FSCT-2022-0054).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30314"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-28T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager 5.02 uses Hard-coded Credentials. According to FSCT-2022-0052, there is a Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager hardcoded credentials issue. The affected components are characterized as: POLO bootloader. The potential impact is: Manipulate firmware. The Honeywell Experion PKS Safety Manager utilizes the DCOM-232/485 serial interface for firmware management purposes. When booting, the Safety Manager exposes the Enea POLO bootloader via this interface. Access to the boot configuration is controlled by means of credentials hardcoded in the Safety Manager firmware. The credentials for the bootloader are hardcoded in the firmware. An attacker with access to the serial interface (either through physical access, a compromised EWS or an exposed serial-to-ethernet gateway) can utilize these credentials to control the boot process and manipulate the unauthenticated firmware image (see FSCT-2022-0054).",
"id": "GHSA-4g4w-x2j6-rp8q",
"modified": "2024-02-13T18:38:22Z",
"published": "2022-07-29T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-207-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.forescout.com/blog"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G56-8MC7-HPJQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:08 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-0688"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-502",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-02-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka \u0027Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027.",
"id": "GHSA-4g56-8mc7-hpjq",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:08:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-0688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156592/Microsoft-Exchange-2019-15.2.221.12-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/156620/Exchange-Control-Panel-Viewstate-Deserialization.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4GCF-523Q-9GMP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-02-26 18:30MGT-COMMERCE CloudPanel ships with a static SSL certificate to encrypt communications to the administrative interface, shared across every installation of CloudPanel. This behavior was observed in version 2.2.0. There has been no indication from the vendor this has been addressed in version 2.2.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0391"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-21T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "MGT-COMMERCE CloudPanel ships with a static SSL certificate to encrypt communications to the administrative interface, shared across every installation of CloudPanel. This behavior was observed in version 2.2.0. There has been no indication from the vendor this has been addressed in version 2.2.1.",
"id": "GHSA-4gcf-523q-9gmp",
"modified": "2025-02-26T18:30:37Z",
"published": "2023-03-21T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/cloudpanel-installations-use-the-same-ssl-certificate-private-key"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2023/03/21/cve-2023-0391-mgt-commerce-cloudpanel-shared-certificate-vulnerability-and-weak-installation-procedures"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4GCP-X7JH-X4V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-15 21:30CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Sonatype Nexus Repository Manager versions 3.0.0 through 3.70.5 allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to gain unauthorized read/write access to the internal database and execute arbitrary OS commands as the Nexus process user. Exploitation requires the non-default nexus.orient.binaryListenerEnabled=true configuration to be enabled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5189"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T19:16:37Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials in Sonatype Nexus Repository Manager versions 3.0.0 through 3.70.5 allows an unauthenticated attacker with network access to gain unauthorized read/write access to the internal database and execute arbitrary OS commands as the Nexus process user. Exploitation requires the non-default nexus.orient.binaryListenerEnabled=true configuration to be enabled.",
"id": "GHSA-4gcp-x7jh-x4v7",
"modified": "2026-04-15T21:30:18Z",
"published": "2026-04-15T21:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.sonatype.com/en/sonatype-nexus-repository-3-71-0-release-notes.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.sonatype.com/hc/en-us/articles/50817138825491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.