Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15536 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7C9V-F342-9FRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-15 00:00
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption in Hex Rays Ida Pro v6.6 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file. Related to Data from Faulting Address controls subsequent Write Address starting at msvcrt!memcpy+0x0000000000000056.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-07T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A memory corruption in Hex Rays Ida Pro v6.6 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file. Related to Data from Faulting Address controls subsequent Write Address starting at msvcrt!memcpy+0x0000000000000056.",
"id": "GHSA-7c9v-f342-9frj",
"modified": "2022-07-15T00:00:16Z",
"published": "2022-07-08T00:00:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code610.blogspot.com/2022/06/night-fuzzing-session-idapro-66-part-2.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CC2-5WX7-MM67
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:05 – Updated: 2022-10-05 00:00
VLAI
Details
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 9.5, and 10.x before 10.1.2, on Windows and Mac OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-4372 and CVE-2011-4373.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-4370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-01-10T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 9.5, and 10.x before 10.1.2, on Windows and Mac OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than CVE-2011-4372 and CVE-2011-4373.",
"id": "GHSA-7cc2-5wx7-mm67",
"modified": "2022-10-05T00:00:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:05:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-4370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A14801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb12-01.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/51348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1026496"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CC5-CQMX-9V7G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2023-10-06 01:03
VLAI
Summary
ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability
Details
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka "Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability." This affects ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0943, CVE-2018-8130, CVE-2018-8133, CVE-2018-8145.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8177"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-21T17:53:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-09T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge, aka \"Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\" This affects ChakraCore. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0943, CVE-2018-8130, CVE-2018-8133, CVE-2018-8145.",
"id": "GHSA-7cc5-cqmx-9v7g",
"modified": "2023-10-06T01:03:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8177"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/eb4b00bcd61a56d5ac66f4155870cba3178d3273"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8177"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20210124164218/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103967"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ChakraCore RCE Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-7CF2-63MG-HV4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-29 15:30 – Updated: 2024-06-10 18:30
VLAI
Details
A buffer overflow was found in Shim in the 32-bit system. The overflow happens due to an addition operation involving a user-controlled value parsed from the PE binary being used by Shim. This value is further used for memory allocation operations, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. This flaw causes memory corruption and can lead to a crash or data integrity issues during the boot phase.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40548"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-190",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-29T15:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A buffer overflow was found in Shim in the 32-bit system. The overflow happens due to an addition operation involving a user-controlled value parsed from the PE binary being used by Shim. This value is further used for memory allocation operations, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. This flaw causes memory corruption and can lead to a crash or data integrity issues during the boot phase.",
"id": "GHSA-7cf2-63mg-hv4j",
"modified": "2024-06-10T18:30:52Z",
"published": "2024-01-29T15:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40548"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1834"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1835"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1876"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-40548"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2241782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/05/msg00009.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CFH-R37C-4MQR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:44 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:50
VLAI
Details
The HMAC implementation (crypto/hmac.c) in the Linux kernel before 4.14.8 does not validate that the underlying cryptographic hash algorithm is unkeyed, allowing a local attacker able to use the AF_ALG-based hash interface (CONFIG_CRYPTO_USER_API_HASH) and the SHA-3 hash algorithm (CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA3) to cause a kernel stack buffer overflow by executing a crafted sequence of system calls that encounter a missing SHA-3 initialization.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-17806"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-20T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The HMAC implementation (crypto/hmac.c) in the Linux kernel before 4.14.8 does not validate that the underlying cryptographic hash algorithm is unkeyed, allowing a local attacker able to use the AF_ALG-based hash interface (CONFIG_CRYPTO_USER_API_HASH) and the SHA-3 hash algorithm (CONFIG_CRYPTO_SHA3) to cause a kernel stack buffer overflow by executing a crafted sequence of system calls that encounter a missing SHA-3 initialization.",
"id": "GHSA-7cfh-r37c-4mqr",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:50:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:44:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17806"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/af3ff8045bbf3e32f1a448542e73abb4c8ceb6f1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/01/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3583-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3583-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3617-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3617-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3617-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3619-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3619-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3632-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4073"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v4.x/ChangeLog-4.14.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=af3ff8045bbf3e32f1a448542e73abb4c8ceb6f1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-01/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-01/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-01/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-01/msg00014.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-01/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102293"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CG5-4J3G-R99C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1196"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-7cg5-4j3g-r99c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7CG6-CW82-VMX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:09 – Updated: 2024-10-21 15:32
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write in the Graphite 2 library triggered with a maliciously crafted Graphite font. This results in a potentially exploitable crash. This issue was fixed in the Graphite 2 library as well as Mozilla products. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 52.1, Firefox ESR < 45.9, Firefox ESR < 52.1, and Firefox < 53.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5436"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-11T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write in the Graphite 2 library triggered with a maliciously crafted Graphite font. This results in a potentially exploitable crash. This issue was fixed in the Graphite 2 library as well as Mozilla products. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 52.1, Firefox ESR \u003c 45.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 52.1, and Firefox \u003c 53.",
"id": "GHSA-7cg6-cw82-vmx2",
"modified": "2024-10-21T15:32:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:09:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1345461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201706-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2017-13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038320"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CG9-R7G6-FP9M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-12 00:01
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the PSD Header processing memory allocation functionality of Accusoft ImageGear 20.0. A specially-crafted malformed file can lead to memory corruption. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29465"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-05T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the PSD Header processing memory allocation functionality of Accusoft ImageGear 20.0. A specially-crafted malformed file can lead to memory corruption. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-7cg9-r7g6-fp9m",
"modified": "2022-08-12T00:01:24Z",
"published": "2022-08-06T00:00:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1526"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CGC-QPHP-QPF6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-23 00:01 – Updated: 2022-04-20 00:01
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the CMA check_udp_crc function of Garrett Metal Detectors’ iC Module CMA Version 5.0. A specially-crafted packet can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow during a call to strcpy. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21903"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-22T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the CMA check_udp_crc function of Garrett Metal Detectors\u2019 iC Module CMA Version 5.0. A specially-crafted packet can lead to a stack-based buffer overflow during a call to strcpy. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-7cgc-qphp-qpf6",
"modified": "2022-04-20T00:01:59Z",
"published": "2021-12-23T00:01:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1355"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CH9-XW7X-HF3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-22 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:05
VLAI
Details
Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function ID3_Support::ID3v2Frame::getFrameValue in exempi 2.5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via opening of crafted audio file with ID3V2 frame.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-18651"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-22T19:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in function ID3_Support::ID3v2Frame::getFrameValue in exempi 2.5.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via opening of crafted audio file with ID3V2 frame.",
"id": "GHSA-7ch9-xw7x-hf3m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:05:34Z",
"published": "2023-08-22T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-18651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/libopenraw/exempi/commit/fdd4765a699f9700850098b43b9798b933acb32f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/libopenraw/exempi/issues/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00032.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.