Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15384 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-6C9F-G24C-WM5R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:18
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. These vulnerabilities are due to improper input validation when parsing HTTPS requests. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a malicious HTTPS request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-40118"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-27T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web services interface of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to trigger a denial of service (DoS) condition. These vulnerabilities are due to improper input validation when parsing HTTPS requests. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending a malicious HTTPS request to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device to reload, resulting in a DoS condition.",
  "id": "GHSA-6c9f-g24c-wm5r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:18:53Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:18:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asafdt-webvpn-dos-KSqJAKPA"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6C9W-R483-Q74W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1184"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
  "id": "GHSA-6c9w-r483-q74w",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:39:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6C9X-5XPR-57P9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:48
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X200-4P IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X201-3P IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X201-3P IRT PRO (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2 IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2P IRT (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2P IRT PRO (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204 IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204 IRT PRO (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2FM (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2LD (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2LD TS (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2TS (All versions), SCALANCE X206-1 (All versions), SCALANCE X206-1LD (All versions), SCALANCE X208 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X208PRO (All versions), SCALANCE X212-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X212-2LD (All versions), SCALANCE X216 (All versions), SCALANCE X224 (All versions), SCALANCE XF201-3P IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF202-2P IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF204 (All versions), SCALANCE XF204 IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF204-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE XF204-2BA IRT (All versions < 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF206-1 (All versions), SCALANCE XF208 (All versions). Incorrect processing of POST requests in the webserver may result in write out of bounds in heap. An attacker might leverage this to cause denial-of-service on the device and potentially remotely execute code.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-25668"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-22T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE X200-4P IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X201-3P IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X201-3P IRT PRO (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2 IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2P IRT (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X202-2P IRT PRO (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204 IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204 IRT PRO (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE X204-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2FM (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2LD (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2LD TS (All versions), SCALANCE X204-2TS (All versions), SCALANCE X206-1 (All versions), SCALANCE X206-1LD (All versions), SCALANCE X208 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X208PRO (All versions), SCALANCE X212-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE X212-2LD (All versions), SCALANCE X216 (All versions), SCALANCE X224 (All versions), SCALANCE XF201-3P IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF202-2P IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF204 (All versions), SCALANCE XF204 IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF204-2 (incl. SIPLUS NET variant) (All versions), SCALANCE XF204-2BA IRT (All versions \u003c 5.5.1), SCALANCE XF206-1 (All versions), SCALANCE XF208 (All versions). Incorrect processing of POST requests in the webserver may result in write out of bounds in heap. An attacker might leverage this to cause denial-of-service on the device and potentially remotely execute code.",
  "id": "GHSA-6c9x-5xpr-57p9",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:48:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:48:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25668"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-187092.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6CC6-66F5-MXJJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-07-28 18:58 – Updated: 2021-07-27 13:43
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds write in ChakraCore
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the ChakraCore scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0768, CVE-2020-0823, CVE-2020-0825, CVE-2020-0827, CVE-2020-0828, CVE-2020-0829, CVE-2020-0830, CVE-2020-0831, CVE-2020-0832, CVE-2020-0833, CVE-2020-0848.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.11.17"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0826"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-07-27T13:43:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-12T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the ChakraCore scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-0768, CVE-2020-0823, CVE-2020-0825, CVE-2020-0827, CVE-2020-0828, CVE-2020-0829, CVE-2020-0830, CVE-2020-0831, CVE-2020-0832, CVE-2020-0833, CVE-2020-0848.",
  "id": "GHSA-6cc6-66f5-mxjj",
  "modified": "2021-07-27T13:43:59Z",
  "published": "2021-07-28T18:58:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0826"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-0826"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Out-of-bounds write in ChakraCore"
}

GHSA-6CCF-3V3J-67P7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:02
VLAI
Details

In libxaac there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-114749542

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-2078"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In libxaac there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-114749542",
  "id": "GHSA-6ccf-3v3j-67p7",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:02:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:57:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2078"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-10"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6CF4-CJX5-WC2J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02
VLAI
Details

An exploitable out-of-bounds write exists in the PCX parsing functionality of Canvas Draw version 4.0.0. A specially crafted PCX image processed via the application can lead to an out-of-bounds write, overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker can deliver a PCX image to trigger this vulnerability and gain code execution. A different vulnerability than CVE-2018-3871.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-3870"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-07-19T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An exploitable out-of-bounds write exists in the PCX parsing functionality of Canvas Draw version 4.0.0. A specially crafted PCX image processed via the application can lead to an out-of-bounds write, overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker can deliver a PCX image to trigger this vulnerability and gain code execution. A different vulnerability than CVE-2018-3871.",
  "id": "GHSA-6cf4-cjx5-wc2j",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-3870"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2018-0552"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6CF7-5PJR-VWHF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54
VLAI
Details

Adobe Photoshop CC versions 19.1.8 and earlier and 20.0.5 and earlier have an out of bound write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7986"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-26T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Photoshop CC versions 19.1.8 and earlier and 20.0.5 and earlier have an out of bound write vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-6cf7-5pjr-vwhf",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:54:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7986"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb19-44.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6CFF-JQVM-J57F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA vGPU software contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager (vGPU plugin) that could allow an attacker to cause stack-based buffer overflow and put a customized ROP gadget on the stack. Such an attack may lead to information disclosure, data tampering, or denial of service. This affects vGPU version 12.x (prior to 12.3), version 11.x (prior to 11.5) and version 8.x (prior 8.8).

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1099"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-21T03:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA vGPU software contains a vulnerability in the Virtual GPU Manager (vGPU plugin) that could allow an attacker to cause stack-based buffer overflow and put a customized ROP gadget on the stack. Such an attack may lead to information disclosure, data tampering, or denial of service. This affects vGPU version 12.x (prior to 12.3), version 11.x (prior to 11.5) and version 8.x (prior 8.8).",
  "id": "GHSA-6cff-jqvm-j57f",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:08:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1099"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5211"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6CFF-V7RR-93P7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details

Internet Explorer in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 and R2 SP1, Windows 8.1 and Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012 and R2, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows remote code execution, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka "Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0834, CVE-2018-0835, CVE-2018-0836, CVE-2018-0837, CVE-2018-0838, CVE-2018-0840, CVE-2018-0856, CVE-2018-0857, CVE-2018-0858, CVE-2018-0859, CVE-2018-0860, and CVE-2018-0861.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-0866"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-02-15T02:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Internet Explorer in Microsoft Windows 7 SP1, Windows Server 2008 and R2 SP1, Windows 8.1 and Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2012 and R2, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, and Windows Server 2016 allows remote code execution, due to how the scripting engine handles objects in memory, aka \"Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2018-0834, CVE-2018-0835, CVE-2018-0836, CVE-2018-0837, CVE-2018-0838, CVE-2018-0840, CVE-2018-0856, CVE-2018-0857, CVE-2018-0858, CVE-2018-0859, CVE-2018-0860, and CVE-2018-0861.",
  "id": "GHSA-6cff-v7rr-93p7",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:18:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-0866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44153"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103032"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040369"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040372"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6CGG-39JV-3QWF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-04 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

In MM service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap-based buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: DTV03330460; Issue ID: DTV03330460.

Severity
6.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20106"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-03T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In MM service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a heap-based buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: DTV03330460; Issue ID: DTV03330460.",
  "id": "GHSA-6cgg-39jv-3qwf",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T00:01:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-04T00:00:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20106"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/May-2022"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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