Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15380 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-666G-RQQJ-3462

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details

Dell BIOSConnect feature contains a buffer overflow vulnerability. An authenticated malicious admin user with local access to the system may potentially exploit this vulnerability to run arbitrary code and bypass UEFI restrictions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21574"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-24T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Dell BIOSConnect feature contains a buffer overflow vulnerability. An authenticated malicious admin user with local access to the system may potentially exploit this vulnerability to run arbitrary code and bypass UEFI restrictions.",
  "id": "GHSA-666g-rqqj-3462",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:06:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21574"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000188682"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-666P-2MRF-25F7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details

Improper input validation in wireless service messaging module for data received from broadcast messages can lead to heap overflow in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables in versions MDM9150, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8909W, MSM8996AU, QCS605, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 427, SD 430, SD 435, SD 439 / SD 429, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 625, SD 632, SD 636, SD 650/52, SD 675, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845 / SD 850, SD 855, SD 8CX, SDA660, SDM439, SDM630, SDM660, SDX20, Snapdragon_High_Med_2016, SXR1130.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-11945"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-25T22:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper input validation in wireless service messaging module for data received from broadcast messages can lead to heap overflow in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice \u0026 Music, Snapdragon Wearables in versions MDM9150, MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9615, MDM9625, MDM9635M, MDM9640, MDM9650, MDM9655, MSM8909W, MSM8996AU, QCS605, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 410/12, SD 425, SD 427, SD 430, SD 435, SD 439 / SD 429, SD 450, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 625, SD 632, SD 636, SD 650/52, SD 675, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845 / SD 850, SD 855, SD 8CX, SDA660, SDM439, SDM630, SDM660, SDX20, Snapdragon_High_Med_2016, SXR1130.",
  "id": "GHSA-666p-2mrf-25f7",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:59Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:18:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106845"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6674-XF83-P4RM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-16 00:01 – Updated: 2022-02-24 00:01
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC Series Router AC11_V02.03.01.104_CN was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow in the wifiBasicCfg module. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted overflow data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46321"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-15T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC Series Router AC11_V02.03.01.104_CN was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow in the wifiBasicCfg module. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted overflow data.",
  "id": "GHSA-6674-xf83-p4rm",
  "modified": "2022-02-24T00:01:01Z",
  "published": "2022-02-16T00:01:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46321"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Ainevsia/CVE-Request/tree/main/Tenda/15"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6675-F3RX-HQR9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details

Heap buffer overflow in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.150 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21148"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Heap buffer overflow in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.150 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-6675-f3rx-hqr9",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/02/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_4.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/1170176"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7ACWYJ74Z3YN2XH4QMUEGNBC3VXX464L"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AUQSMNV7INLDDSD3RKI5S5EAULX2QC7P"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7ACWYJ74Z3YN2XH4QMUEGNBC3VXX464L"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/AUQSMNV7INLDDSD3RKI5S5EAULX2QC7P"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202104-08"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-21148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4858"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162579/Chrome-Array-Transfer-Bypass.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6694-P39J-4RGQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

Kofax Power PDF PCX File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PCX files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20395.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-37339"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Kofax Power PDF PCX File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Kofax Power PDF. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PCX files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write  past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-20395.",
  "id": "GHSA-6694-p39j-4rgq",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37339"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-934"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6695-V58Q-H2F6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-22 03:30 – Updated: 2026-03-22 03:30
VLAI
Details

RarmaRadio 2.72.3 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Server field of the Network settings that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can paste a malicious payload exceeding 4000 bytes into the Server field via the Settings menu to trigger an application crash.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-25584"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-22T01:16:56Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "RarmaRadio 2.72.3 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Server field of the Network settings that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can paste a malicious payload exceeding 4000 bytes into the Server field via the Settings menu to trigger an application crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-6695-v58q-h2f6",
  "modified": "2026-03-22T03:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-03-22T03:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25584"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46899"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/rarmaradio-server-field-buffer-overflow-denial-of-service"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.raimersoft.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-669J-RXFQ-2FVW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-11 09:30 – Updated: 2023-01-20 21:30
VLAI
Details

Insufficient input validation during parsing of the System Management Mode (SMM) binary may allow a maliciously crafted SMM executable binary to corrupt Dynamic Root of Trust for Measurement (DRTM) user application memory that may result in a potential denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46791"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T08:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient input validation during parsing of the System Management Mode (SMM) binary may allow a maliciously crafted SMM executable binary to corrupt Dynamic Root of Trust for Measurement (DRTM) user application memory that may result in a potential denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-669j-rxfq-2fvw",
  "modified": "2023-01-20T21:30:33Z",
  "published": "2023-01-11T09:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46791"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/corporate/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-1032"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-669Q-4GJM-8895

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-25 00:00
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC15 and AC18 routers V15.03.05.19 contain stack overflow vulnerabilities in the function fromDhcpListClient with a combined parameter "list*" ("%s%d","list").

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-40869"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-23T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC15 and AC18 routers V15.03.05.19 contain stack overflow vulnerabilities in the function fromDhcpListClient with a combined parameter \"list*\" (\"%s%d\",\"list\").",
  "id": "GHSA-669q-4gjm-8895",
  "modified": "2022-09-25T00:00:18Z",
  "published": "2022-09-25T00:00:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40869"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/CPSeek/Router-vuls/blob/main/Tenda/AC15/fromDhcpListClient-list.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/CPSeek/Router-vuls/blob/main/Tenda/AC18/fromDhcpListClient-list.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-66CW-5J4X-3R2W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-11 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

s390/dasd: fix error recovery leading to data corruption on ESE devices

Extent Space Efficient (ESE) or thin provisioned volumes need to be formatted on demand during usual IO processing.

The dasd_ese_needs_format function checks for error codes that signal the non existence of a proper track format.

The check for incorrect length is to imprecise since other error cases leading to transport of insufficient data also have this flag set. This might lead to data corruption in certain error cases for example during a storage server warmstart.

Fix by removing the check for incorrect length and replacing by explicitly checking for invalid track format in transport mode.

Also remove the check for file protected since this is not a valid ESE handling case.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-45026"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-11T16:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/dasd: fix error recovery leading to data corruption on ESE devices\n\nExtent Space Efficient (ESE) or thin provisioned volumes need to be\nformatted on demand during usual IO processing.\n\nThe dasd_ese_needs_format function checks for error codes that signal\nthe non existence of a proper track format.\n\nThe check for incorrect length is to imprecise since other error cases\nleading to transport of insufficient data also have this flag set.\nThis might lead to data corruption in certain error cases for example\nduring a storage server warmstart.\n\nFix by removing the check for incorrect length and replacing by\nexplicitly checking for invalid track format in transport mode.\n\nAlso remove the check for file protected since this is not a valid\nESE handling case.",
  "id": "GHSA-66cw-5j4x-3r2w",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T00:31:23Z",
  "published": "2024-09-11T18:31:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45026"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0a228896a1b3654cd461ff654f6a64e97a9c3246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19f60a55b2fda49bc4f6134a5f6356ef62ee69d8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d4a304338daf83ace2887aaacafd66fe99ed5cc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7db4042336580dfd75cb5faa82c12cd51098c90b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/93a7e2856951680cd7fe6ebd705ac10c8a8a5efd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a665e3b7ac7d5cdc26e00e3d0fc8fd490e00316a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e245a18281c252c8dbc467492e09bb5d4b012118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-66F5-9HWV-GW9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:24 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:24
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in the client side of Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central before 10.0.533. An attacker-controlled server can trigger an integer overflow via a crafted header value.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-15588"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-190",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-07-29T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in the client side of Zoho ManageEngine Desktop Central before 10.0.533. An attacker-controlled server can trigger an integer overflow via a crafted header value.",
  "id": "GHSA-66f5-9hwv-gw9h",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:24:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:24:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.manageengine.com/products/desktop-central/integer-overflow-vulnerability.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.