Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15239 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-477G-M6GF-5GG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-20 21:33 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:37
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel's SLIMpro I2C device driver. The userspace "data->block[0]" variable was not capped to a number between 0-255 and was used as the size of a memcpy, possibly writing beyond the end of dma_buffer. This flaw could allow a local privileged user to crash the system or potentially achieve code execution.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2194"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-20T21:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel\u0027s SLIMpro I2C device driver. The userspace \"data-\u003eblock[0]\" variable was not capped to a number between 0-255 and was used as the size of a memcpy, possibly writing beyond the end of dma_buffer. This flaw could allow a local privileged user to crash the system or potentially achieve code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-477g-m6gf-5gg8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:37:32Z",
"published": "2023-04-20T21:33:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/92fbb6d1296f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2188396"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00006.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4794-8FM9-WMP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 03:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details
Due to failure in validating the length provided by an attacker-crafted IEEE-C37.118 packet, Wireshark version 4.0.5 and prior, by default, is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow, and possibly code execution in the context of the process running Wireshark.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0668"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T03:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to failure in validating the length provided by an attacker-crafted IEEE-C37.118 packet, Wireshark version 4.0.5 and prior, by default, is susceptible to a heap-based buffer overflow, and possibly code execution in the context of the process running Wireshark.",
"id": "GHSA-4794-8fm9-wmp3",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:37Z",
"published": "2023-06-07T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0668"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/issues/19087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00049.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202309-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://takeonme.org/cves/CVE-2023-0668.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/docs/relnotes/wireshark-4.0.6.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2023-19.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-479V-8JG2-8FGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-26 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-06 00:01
VLAI
Details
xpdf 4.03 has heap buffer overflow in the function readXRefTable located in XRef.cc. An attacker can exploit this bug to cause a Denial of Service (Segmentation fault) or other unspecified effects by sending a crafted PDF file to the pdftoppm binary.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-27135"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-25T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "xpdf 4.03 has heap buffer overflow in the function readXRefTable located in XRef.cc. An attacker can exploit this bug to cause a Denial of Service (Segmentation fault) or other unspecified effects by sending a crafted PDF file to the pdftoppm binary.",
"id": "GHSA-479v-8jg2-8fgj",
"modified": "2022-05-06T00:01:25Z",
"published": "2022-04-26T00:00:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27135"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.xpdfreader.com/viewtopic.php?f=3\u0026t=42232"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verf1sh/Poc/blob/master/pic_ppm.png"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verf1sh/Poc/blob/master/poc_ppm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47C6-4MJW-35WH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-12 00:01 – Updated: 2022-08-14 00:00
VLAI
Details
In cd_CodeMsg of cd_codec.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-225178325References: N/A
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20400"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-11T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In cd_CodeMsg of cd_codec.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-225178325References: N/A",
"id": "GHSA-47c6-4mjw-35wh",
"modified": "2022-08-14T00:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-08-12T00:01:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20400"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-08-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47FF-36M4-3JCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-21 18:30 – Updated: 2022-12-21 18:30
VLAI
Details
In RadioImpl::setGsmBroadcastConfig of ril_service_legacy.cpp, there is a possible stack clash leading to memory corruption. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-243509749References: N/A
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20578"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In RadioImpl::setGsmBroadcastConfig of ril_service_legacy.cpp, there is a possible stack clash leading to memory corruption. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-243509749References: N/A",
"id": "GHSA-47ff-36m4-3jcf",
"modified": "2022-12-21T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2022-12-21T18:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-12-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47G7-45F4-J83M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:00
VLAI
Details
arch/powerpc/mm/mmu_context_book3s64.c in the Linux kernel before 5.1.15 for powerpc has a bug where unrelated processes may be able to read/write to one another's virtual memory under certain conditions via an mmap above 512 TB. Only a subset of powerpc systems are affected.
Severity
7.0 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12817"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-25T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "arch/powerpc/mm/mmu_context_book3s64.c in the Linux kernel before 5.1.15 for powerpc has a bug where unrelated processes may be able to read/write to one another\u0027s virtual memory under certain conditions via an mmap above 512 TB. Only a subset of powerpc systems are affected.",
"id": "GHSA-47g7-45f4-j83m",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:00:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:00:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12817"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2703"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/ChangeLog-5.1.15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ca72d88378b2f2444d3ec145dd442d449d3fefbc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OTLN3KQYEEWWAJYA4BUYYDMWWXCJQNV2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSKLL2374YGFQR6LSVCFGTTCRGBTLAWZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K12876166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K12876166?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp;utm_medium=RSS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4031-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4495"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/06/24/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108884"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47G9-6FVG-823P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-19 21:31 – Updated: 2024-11-20 18:32
VLAI
Details
In IMSA_Recv_Thread and VT_IMCB_Thread of ImsaClient.cpp and VideoTelephony.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9366"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-190",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-19T20:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In IMSA_Recv_Thread and VT_IMCB_Thread of ImsaClient.cpp and VideoTelephony.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-47g9-6fvg-823p",
"modified": "2024-11-20T18:32:16Z",
"published": "2024-11-19T21:31:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9366"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47J8-5M5G-5QGC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2022-07-30 00:00
VLAI
Details
Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 75.0.3770.80 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5836"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-27T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap buffer overflow in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 75.0.3770.80 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-47j8-5m5g-5qgc",
"modified": "2022-07-30T00:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2019/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/947342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CPM7VPE27DUNJLXM4F5PAAEFFWOEND6X"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FKN4GPMBQ3SDXWB4HL45II5CZ7P2E4AI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4500"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00085.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47JG-VQRV-5F8V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-07-14 15:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: skbuff: preserve shared-frag marker during coalescing
skb_try_coalesce() can attach paged frags from @from to @to. If @from has SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG set, the resulting @to skb can contain the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed frags, but the shared-frag marker is currently lost.
That breaks the invariant relied on by later in-place writers. In particular, ESP input checks skb_has_shared_frag() before deciding whether an uncloned nonlinear skb can skip skb_cow_data(). If TCP receive coalescing has moved shared frags into an unmarked skb, ESP can see skb_has_shared_frag() as false and decrypt in place over page-cache backed frags.
Propagate SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG when skb_try_coalesce() transfers paged frags. The tailroom copy path does not need the marker because it copies bytes into @to's linear data rather than transferring frag descriptors.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-123",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-23T12:17:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: skbuff: preserve shared-frag marker during coalescing\n\nskb_try_coalesce() can attach paged frags from @from to @to. If @from\nhas SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG set, the resulting @to skb can contain the same\nexternally-owned or page-cache-backed frags, but the shared-frag marker\nis currently lost.\n\nThat breaks the invariant relied on by later in-place writers. In\nparticular, ESP input checks skb_has_shared_frag() before deciding\nwhether an uncloned nonlinear skb can skip skb_cow_data(). If TCP\nreceive coalescing has moved shared frags into an unmarked skb, ESP can\nsee skb_has_shared_frag() as false and decrypt in place over page-cache\nbacked frags.\n\nPropagate SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG when skb_try_coalesce() transfers paged\nfrags. The tailroom copy path does not need the marker because it copies\nbytes into @to\u0027s linear data rather than transferring frag descriptors.",
"id": "GHSA-47jg-vqrv-5f8v",
"modified": "2026-07-14T15:31:59Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2026:20032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23468"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:28887"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33486"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34098"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-46300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2f2b16022a2e10ca7bccfb98db5ed2ec0f72641c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3599e6b3cc1ada96883d496a50a210d3afbb6987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3884358a9286b17f389a72b1426fc4547c23c111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3bd9e113d50034db99d7ef69fd8e5242d15e414a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/760e1addc27ba1a7beb4a0a7e8b3e9ec49e7a34e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78bf6b6bb19541d19fbda6242e7cfe2c682763c0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d3e5fd19fe1063bf607219e8562fbd567b8e8d5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f84eca5817390257cef78013d0112481c503b4a3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46300.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
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GHSA-47JX-2M6R-9JXQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-14 19:00 – Updated: 2025-05-14 21:31
VLAI
Details
The phones have the heap overflow, out-of-bounds read, and null pointer vulnerabilities in the fingerprint trusted application (TA).Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the fingerprint service.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41595"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "The phones have the heap overflow, out-of-bounds read, and null pointer vulnerabilities in the fingerprint trusted application (TA).Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect the fingerprint service.",
"id": "GHSA-47jx-2m6r-9jxq",
"modified": "2025-05-14T21:31:10Z",
"published": "2022-10-14T19:00:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41595"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2022/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-phones-202210-0000001416095697"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.