Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15139 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2844-CQR7-733Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-15 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:31
VLAI
Details
Illustrator is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48336"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T22:17:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Illustrator is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-2844-cqr7-733q",
"modified": "2026-07-15T00:31:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-15T00:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustrator/apsb26-79.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-285H-2JH7-F2XQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-17 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:30
VLAI
Details
Stack overflow in PJSUA API when calling pjsua_playlist_create. An attacker-controlled 'file_names' argument may cause a buffer overflow since it is copied to a fixed-size stack buffer without any size validation.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43301"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-16T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack overflow in PJSUA API when calling pjsua_playlist_create. An attacker-controlled \u0027file_names\u0027 argument may cause a buffer overflow since it is copied to a fixed-size stack buffer without any size validation.",
"id": "GHSA-285h-2jh7-f2xq",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:30:38Z",
"published": "2022-02-17T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pjsip/pjproject/security/advisories/GHSA-qcvw-h34v-c7r9"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43301"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/08/msg00038.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5285"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-285P-H3FJ-3CVW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details
Incorrect handing of paths leading to a use after free in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 71.0.3578.80 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18343"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-11T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect handing of paths leading to a use after free in Skia in Google Chrome prior to 71.0.3578.80 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-285p-h3fj-3cvw",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2018/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/882423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4352"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106084"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-288H-HV2Q-FWRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:03 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:43
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Envoy 1.12.0. An untrusted remote client may send HTTP/2 requests that write to the heap outside of the request buffers when the upstream is HTTP/1. This may be used to corrupt nearby heap contents (leading to a query-of-death scenario) or may be used to bypass Envoy's access control mechanisms such as path based routing. An attacker can also modify requests from other users that happen to be proximal temporally and spatially.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-18801"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-13T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Envoy 1.12.0. An untrusted remote client may send HTTP/2 requests that write to the heap outside of the request buffers when the upstream is HTTP/1. This may be used to corrupt nearby heap contents (leading to a query-of-death scenario) or may be used to bypass Envoy\u0027s access control mechanisms such as path based routing. An attacker can also modify requests from other users that happen to be proximal temporally and spatially.",
"id": "GHSA-288h-hv2q-fwrv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:43:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:03:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/security/advisories/GHSA-gxvv-x4p2-rppp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.envoyproxy.io"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/commits/master"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/envoy-users"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21forum/envoy-users"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28C6-6WVH-6235
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28
VLAI
Details
A stack overflow vulnerability in Facebook Hermes ‘builtin apply’ prior to commit 86543ac47e59c522976b5632b8bf9a2a4583c7d2 (https://github.com/facebook/hermes/commit/86543ac47e59c522976b5632b8bf9a2a4583c7d2) allows attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code via crafted JavaScript. Note that this is only exploitable if the application using Hermes permits evaluation of untrusted JavaScript. Hence, most React Native applications are not affected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-1896"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-02T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack overflow vulnerability in Facebook Hermes \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcbuiltin apply\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 prior to commit 86543ac47e59c522976b5632b8bf9a2a4583c7d2 (https://github.com/facebook/hermes/commit/86543ac47e59c522976b5632b8bf9a2a4583c7d2) allows attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code via crafted JavaScript. Note that this is only exploitable if the application using Hermes permits evaluation of untrusted JavaScript. Hence, most React Native applications are not affected.",
"id": "GHSA-28c6-6wvh-6235",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/facebook/hermes/commit/86543ac47e59c522976b5632b8bf9a2a4583c7d2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2020-1896"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-28CJ-VPVC-JGJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:17 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:17
VLAI
Details
A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.8 and iPadOS 14.8, Safari 15, tvOS 15, iOS 15 and iPadOS 15, watchOS 8. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-19T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.8 and iPadOS 14.8, Safari 15, tvOS 15, iOS 15 and iPadOS 15, watchOS 8. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-28cj-vpvc-jgj6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:17:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:17:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/H6MGXCX7P5AHWOQ6IRT477UKT7IS4DAD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ON5SDVVPVPCAGFPW2GHYATZVZYLPW2L4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212807"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212819"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/60"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/61"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/62"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Oct/63"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/26/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/27/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/27/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/27/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-28CV-45W7-C3G7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-19 12:30 – Updated: 2024-08-12 18:30
VLAI
Details
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 123, Firefox ESR 115.8, and Thunderbird 115.8. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 124, Firefox ESR < 115.9, and Thunderbird < 115.9.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-2614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-19T12:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 123, Firefox ESR 115.8, and Thunderbird 115.8. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 124, Firefox ESR \u003c 115.9, and Thunderbird \u003c 115.9.",
"id": "GHSA-28cv-45w7-c3g7",
"modified": "2024-08-12T18:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-03-19T12:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1685358%2C1861016%2C1880405%2C1881093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/03/msg00022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/03/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28FQ-Q3C7-PHP2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-28 00:39 – Updated: 2024-11-28 00:39
VLAI
Details
Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT V10 File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of V10 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24448.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11789"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-28T00:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT V10 File Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Fuji Electric Monitouch V-SFT. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of V10 files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24448.",
"id": "GHSA-28fq-q3c7-php2",
"modified": "2024-11-28T00:39:26Z",
"published": "2024-11-28T00:39:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11789"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1615"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28GP-589X-6R7F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:52 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:52
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in can_can_gw_rcv in net/can/gw.c in the Linux kernel through 4.19.13. The CAN frame modification rules allow bitwise logical operations that can be also applied to the can_dlc field. The privileged user "root" with CAP_NET_ADMIN can create a CAN frame modification rule that makes the data length code a higher value than the available CAN frame data size. In combination with a configured checksum calculation where the result is stored relatively to the end of the data (e.g. cgw_csum_xor_rel) the tail of the skb (e.g. frag_list pointer in skb_shared_info) can be rewritten which finally can cause a system crash. Because of a missing check, the CAN drivers may write arbitrary content beyond the data registers in the CAN controller's I/O memory when processing can-gw manipulated outgoing frames.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-3701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-03T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in can_can_gw_rcv in net/can/gw.c in the Linux kernel through 4.19.13. The CAN frame modification rules allow bitwise logical operations that can be also applied to the can_dlc field. The privileged user \"root\" with CAP_NET_ADMIN can create a CAN frame modification rule that makes the data length code a higher value than the available CAN frame data size. In combination with a configured checksum calculation where the result is stored relatively to the end of the data (e.g. cgw_csum_xor_rel) the tail of the skb (e.g. frag_list pointer in skb_shared_info) can be rewritten which finally can cause a system crash. Because of a missing check, the CAN drivers may write arbitrary content beyond the data registers in the CAN controller\u0027s I/O memory when processing can-gw manipulated outgoing frames.",
"id": "GHSA-28gp-589x-6r7f",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:52:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:52:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1120386"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net.git/commit/?id=0aaa81377c5a01f686bcdb8c7a6929a7bf330c68"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00034.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/04/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/05/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://marc.info/?l=linux-netdev\u0026m=154651842302479\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://marc.info/?l=linux-netdev\u0026m=154661373531512\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K17957133"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3932-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3932-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4115-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4118-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106443"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28GW-XJHW-6CM5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:20
VLAI
Details
A stack-based buffer overflow within GNOME gcab through 0.7.4 can be exploited by malicious attackers to cause a crash or, potentially, execute arbitrary code via a crafted .cab file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-12T00:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow within GNOME gcab through 0.7.4 can be exploited by malicious attackers to cause a crash or, potentially, execute arbitrary code via a crafted .cab file.",
"id": "GHSA-28gw-xjhw-6cm5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:20:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:20:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:0350"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1527296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3546-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4095"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.