Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1820 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-6G2R-3446-X424

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:43
VLAI
Details

The D-Link NPAPI extension, as used in conjunction with D-Link DIR-850L REV. B (with firmware through FW208WWb02) devices, sends the cleartext admin password over the Internet as part of interaction with mydlink Cloud Services.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14418"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-13T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The D-Link NPAPI extension, as used in conjunction with D-Link DIR-850L REV. B (with firmware through FW208WWb02) devices, sends the cleartext admin password over the Internet as part of interaction with mydlink Cloud Services.",
  "id": "GHSA-6g2r-3446-x424",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:43:25Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14418"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2017-09-08-dlink-850l-mydlink-cloud-0days-vulnerabilities.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6G65-H88G-GCGR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:59
VLAI
Details

Insufficiently protected credentials in the Intel(R) DCM software before version 5.0.1 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-40685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T14:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insufficiently protected credentials in the Intel(R) DCM software before version 5.0.1 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.",
  "id": "GHSA-6g65-h88g-gcgr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:59:32Z",
  "published": "2023-05-10T15:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00772.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6GCP-H783-VWFP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:10
VLAI
Details

Unprotected storage of credentials in CA PPM 14.3 and below, 14.4, 15.1, 15.2 CP5 and below, and 15.3 CP2 and below, allows attackers to access sensitive information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-13822"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-08-30T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unprotected storage of credentials in CA PPM 14.3 and below, 14.4, 15.1, 15.2 CP5 and below, and 15.3 CP2 and below, allows attackers to access sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-6gcp-h783-vwfp",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:10:52Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:10:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-13822"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.ca.com/us/product-content/recommended-reading/security-notices/ca20180829-01--security-notice-for-ca-ppm.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105297"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6GFQ-HXV9-VHX9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 06:30 – Updated: 2026-03-09 21:31
VLAI
Details

IDC SFX2100 Satellite Receiver firmware ships with multiple daemon configuration files for routing components (e.g., zebra, bgpd, ospfd, and ripd) that are owned by root but world-readable. The configuration files (e.g., zebra.conf, bgpd.conf, ospfd.conf, ripd.conf) contain hardcoded or otherwise insecure plaintext passwords (including “enable”/privileged-mode credentials). A remote actor is able to abuse the reuse/hardcoded nature of these credentials to further access other systems in the network, gain a foothold on the satellite receiver or potentially locally privilege escalate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-29128"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T06:16:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IDC SFX2100 Satellite Receiver firmware ships with multiple daemon configuration files for routing components (e.g., zebra, bgpd, ospfd, and ripd) that are owned by root but world-readable. The configuration files (e.g., zebra.conf, bgpd.conf, ospfd.conf, ripd.conf) contain hardcoded or otherwise insecure plaintext passwords (including \u201cenable\u201d/privileged-mode credentials). A remote actor is able to abuse the reuse/hardcoded nature of these credentials to further access other systems in the network, gain a foothold on the satellite receiver or potentially locally privilege escalate.",
  "id": "GHSA-6gfq-hxv9-vhx9",
  "modified": "2026-03-09T21:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-03-05T06:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-29128"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.abdulmhsblog.com/posts/sfx2100-vulns"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6GR4-MX2P-46WQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39
VLAI
Details

SOOIL Developments CoLtd DiabecareRS, AnyDana-i ,AnyDana-A, communication protocol of the insulin pump & AnyDana-i,AnyDana-A mobile apps doesnt use adequate measures to protect encryption keys in transit which allows unauthenticated physically proximate attacker to sniff keys via (BLE).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-27270"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-01-19T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "SOOIL Developments CoLtd DiabecareRS, AnyDana-i ,AnyDana-A, communication protocol of the insulin pump \u0026 AnyDana-i,AnyDana-A mobile apps doesnt use adequate measures to protect encryption keys in transit which allows unauthenticated physically proximate attacker to sniff keys via (BLE).",
  "id": "GHSA-6gr4-mx2p-46wq",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:39:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27270"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-21-012-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6GWG-W9P5-2C42

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 15:32 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:40
VLAI
Details

Claris International has successfully resolved an issue of potentially exposing password information to front-end websites when signed in to the Admin Console with an administrator role. This issue has been fixed in FileMaker Server 20.3.1 by eliminating the send of Admin Role passwords in the Node.js socket.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-42955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-257",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T13:46:21Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Claris International has successfully resolved an issue of potentially exposing password information to front-end websites when signed in to the Admin Console with an administrator role.  This issue has been fixed in FileMaker Server 20.3.1 by eliminating the send of Admin Role passwords in the Node.js socket.",
  "id": "GHSA-6gwg-w9p5-2c42",
  "modified": "2024-07-03T18:40:08Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T15:32:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.claris.com/s/article/Administrator-role-passwords-being-exposed-when-logged-into-the-Admin-Console?language=en_US"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6HF2-2P4R-38V2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:06
VLAI
Details

ownCloud iOS app before 3.4.4 does not properly switch state between multiple instances, which might allow remote instance administrators to obtain sensitive credential and cookie information by reading authentication headers.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-5955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-10-29T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ownCloud iOS app before 3.4.4 does not properly switch state between multiple instances, which might allow remote instance administrators to obtain sensitive credential and cookie information by reading authentication headers.",
  "id": "GHSA-6hf2-2p4r-38v2",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:06:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:06:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://owncloud.org/security/advisory/?id=oc-sa-2015-013"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-6HVV-J432-23CV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-14 21:52 – Updated: 2023-07-14 21:52
VLAI
Summary
Weave GitOps Terraform Controller Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Details

Impact

A vulnerability has been identified in Weave GitOps Terraform Controller which could allow an authenticated remote attacker to view sensitive information. This vulnerability stems from Weave GitOps Terraform Runners (tf-runner), where sensitive data is inadvertently printed - potentially revealing sensitive user data in their pod logs. In particular, functions tfexec.ShowPlan, tfexec.ShowPlanRaw, and tfexec.Output are implicated when the tfexec object set its Stdout and Stderr to be os.Stdout and os.Stderr.

An unauthorized remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing these prints of sensitive information, which may contain configurations or tokens that could be used to gain unauthorized control or access to resources managed by the Terraform controller.

A successful exploit could allow the attacker to utilize this sensitive data, potentially leading to unauthorized access or control of the system.

Patches

This vulnerability has been addressed in Weave GitOps Terraform Controller versions v0.14.4 and v0.15.0-rc.5. Users are urged to upgrade to one of these versions to mitigate the vulnerability.

The patches for this vulnerability are found in: - this commit: 9708fda28ccd0466cb0a8fd409854ab4d92f7dca - this commit: 6323b355bd7f5d2ce85d0244fe0883af3881df4e - this commit: 28282bc644054e157c3b9a3d38f1f9551ce09074 - and this commit: 98a0688036e9dbcf43fa84960d9a1ef3e09a69cf

Workarounds

As a temporary measure until the patch can be applied, users can add the environment variable DISABLE_TF_LOGS to the tf-runners via the runner pod template of the Terraform Custom Resource. This will prevent the logging of sensitive information and mitigate the risk of this vulnerability.

References

  • The first issue: https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/637
  • The second issue: https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/649

For More Information

If you have any further questions or comments about this advisory:

Open an issue in the Weave GitOps Terraform Controller repository Email us at security@weave.works

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.14.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.15.0-rc.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.15.0-rc.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34236"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-312",
      "CWE-522",
      "CWE-532"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-14T21:52:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-14T22:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA vulnerability has been identified in Weave GitOps Terraform Controller which could allow an authenticated remote attacker to view sensitive information. This vulnerability stems from Weave GitOps Terraform Runners (`tf-runner`), where sensitive data is inadvertently printed - potentially revealing sensitive user data in their pod logs. In particular, functions `tfexec.ShowPlan`, `tfexec.ShowPlanRaw`, and `tfexec.Output` are implicated when the `tfexec` object set its `Stdout` and `Stderr` to be `os.Stdout` and `os.Stderr`.\n\nAn unauthorized remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by accessing these prints of sensitive information, which may contain configurations or tokens that could be used to gain unauthorized control or access to resources managed by the Terraform controller.\n\nA successful exploit could allow the attacker to utilize this sensitive data, potentially leading to unauthorized access or control of the system.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis vulnerability has been addressed in Weave GitOps Terraform Controller versions `v0.14.4` and `v0.15.0-rc.5`. Users are urged to upgrade to one of these versions to mitigate the vulnerability.\n\nThe patches for this vulnerability are found in:\n- this commit: 9708fda28ccd0466cb0a8fd409854ab4d92f7dca\n- this commit: 6323b355bd7f5d2ce85d0244fe0883af3881df4e\n- this commit: 28282bc644054e157c3b9a3d38f1f9551ce09074\n- and this commit: 98a0688036e9dbcf43fa84960d9a1ef3e09a69cf\n\n### Workarounds\n\nAs a temporary measure until the patch can be applied, users can add the environment variable `DISABLE_TF_LOGS` to the tf-runners via the runner pod template of the Terraform Custom Resource. This will prevent the logging of sensitive information and mitigate the risk of this vulnerability.\n\n### References\n\n- The first issue: https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/637\n- The second issue: https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/649\n\n### For More Information\n\nIf you have any further questions or comments about this advisory:\n\nOpen an issue in the Weave GitOps Terraform Controller repository\nEmail us at [security@weave.works](mailto:security@weave.works)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-6hvv-j432-23cv",
  "modified": "2023-07-14T21:52:09Z",
  "published": "2023-07-14T21:52:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/security/advisories/GHSA-6hvv-j432-23cv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34236"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/issues/649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/commit/28282bc644054e157c3b9a3d38f1f9551ce09074"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/commit/6323b355bd7f5d2ce85d0244fe0883af3881df4e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/commit/9708fda28ccd0466cb0a8fd409854ab4d92f7dca"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller/commit/98a0688036e9dbcf43fa84960d9a1ef3e09a69cf"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/tf-controller"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Weave GitOps Terraform Controller Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-6HVX-2P4P-2H72

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2023-02-03 15:31
VLAI
Details

IBM MQ Advanced Cloud Pak (IBM Cloud Private 1.0.0 through 3.0.1) stores user credentials in plain in clear text which can be read by a local user. IBM X-Force ID: 159465.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-4239"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-14T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM MQ Advanced Cloud Pak (IBM Cloud Private 1.0.0 through 3.0.1) stores user credentials in plain in clear text which can be read by a local user. IBM X-Force ID: 159465.",
  "id": "GHSA-6hvx-2p4p-2h72",
  "modified": "2023-02-03T15:31:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:48:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-4239"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/159465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10886591"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-6JHJ-VQR7-7PMW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-19 15:30 – Updated: 2022-12-23 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in Click Studios Passwordstate and Passwordstate Browser Extension Chrome and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code. The manipulation leads to insufficiently protected credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-216274 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4612"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-19T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in Click Studios Passwordstate and Passwordstate Browser Extension Chrome and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code. The manipulation leads to insufficiently protected credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-216274 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-6jhj-vqr7-7pmw",
  "modified": "2022-12-23T21:30:16Z",
  "published": "2022-12-19T15:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4612"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://modzero.com/modlog/archives/2022/12/19/better_make_sure_your_password_manager_is_secure/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.216274"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.modzero.com/static/MZ-22-03_Passwordstate_Security_Disclosure_Report-v1.0.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.