Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1810 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-GQXR-HVRW-6HFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-16 18:30 – Updated: 2023-05-17 03:37
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin displays credentials without masking
Details

Jenkins NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin stores credentials in job config.xml files on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration.

While these credentials are stored encrypted on disk, in NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin 4.8.0.149 and earlier, the job configuration form does not mask these credentials, increasing the potential for attackers to observe and capture them.

NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin 4.11.0.48 masks credentials displayed on the configuration form.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.jenkins.plugins:cavisson-ns-nd-integration"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.11.0.48"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-33000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-05-17T03:37:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-16T17:15:12Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin stores credentials in job config.xml files on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration.\n\nWhile these credentials are stored encrypted on disk, in NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin 4.8.0.149 and earlier, the job configuration form does not mask these credentials, increasing the potential for attackers to observe and capture them.\n\nNS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin 4.11.0.48 masks credentials displayed on the configuration form.",
  "id": "GHSA-gqxr-hvrw-6hfh",
  "modified": "2023-05-17T03:37:48Z",
  "published": "2023-05-16T18:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-05-16/#SECURITY-2962"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins NS-ND Integration Performance Publisher Plugin displays credentials without masking"
}

GHSA-GR7F-VR8W-284V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:46
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in Honeywell XL Web II controller XL1000C500 XLWebExe-2-01-00 and prior, and XLWeb 500 XLWebExe-1-02-08 and prior. Any user is able to disclose a password by accessing a specific URL, because of Plaintext Storage of a Password.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-5139"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-02-13T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Honeywell XL Web II controller XL1000C500 XLWebExe-2-01-00 and prior, and XLWeb 500 XLWebExe-1-02-08 and prior. Any user is able to disclose a password by accessing a specific URL, because of Plaintext Storage of a Password.",
  "id": "GHSA-gr7f-vr8w-284v",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:46:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:46:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5139"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-033-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95971"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRC3-2J34-P6GM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 16:53 – Updated: 2026-07-02 16:54
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: message.action forwarding could send Gateway credentials to model-supplied loopback URLs
Details

Summary

message.action forwarding could send Gateway credentials to model-supplied loopback URLs. In affected versions, model-controlled action metadata that selects a loopback Gateway URL could forward the action payload with Gateway credentials to the supplied loopback URL.

This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.

Impact

When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could expose the token and action payload to a local listener chosen through the affected path. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.

Patched Versions

The first stable patched version is 2026.5.2.

Mitigations

restrict message action forwarding and avoid model-supplied loopback targets until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2026.4.29"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.5.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T16:53:15Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nmessage.action forwarding could send Gateway credentials to model-supplied loopback URLs. In affected versions, model-controlled action metadata that selects a loopback Gateway URL could forward the action payload with Gateway credentials to the supplied loopback URL.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could expose the token and action payload to a local listener chosen through the affected path. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.5.2`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nrestrict message action forwarding and avoid model-supplied loopback targets until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-grc3-2j34-p6gm",
  "modified": "2026-07-02T16:54:14Z",
  "published": "2026-07-02T16:53:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-grc3-2j34-p6gm"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: message.action forwarding could send Gateway credentials to model-supplied loopback URLs"
}

GHSA-GRHP-7P69-RVMM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:20
VLAI
Details

Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by disclosure of administrative credentials. This affects MK62 before 1.0.4.92, MK63 before 1.0.4.92, MR60 before 1.0.4.92, MS60 before 1.0.4.92, RBK752 before 3.2.15.25, RBK753 before 3.2.15.25, RBK753S before 3.2.15.25, RBS750 before 3.2.15.25, RBR750 before 3.2.15.25, RBK842 before 3.2.15.25, RBR840 before 3.2.15.25, RBS840 before 3.2.15.25, RBK852 before 3.2.15.25, RBK853 before 3.2.15.25, RBR850 before 3.2.15.25, and RBS850 before 3.2.15.25.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-14429"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-06-18T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by disclosure of administrative credentials. This affects MK62 before 1.0.4.92, MK63 before 1.0.4.92, MR60 before 1.0.4.92, MS60 before 1.0.4.92, RBK752 before 3.2.15.25, RBK753 before 3.2.15.25, RBK753S before 3.2.15.25, RBS750 before 3.2.15.25, RBR750 before 3.2.15.25, RBK842 before 3.2.15.25, RBR840 before 3.2.15.25, RBS840 before 3.2.15.25, RBK852 before 3.2.15.25, RBK853 before 3.2.15.25, RBR850 before 3.2.15.25, and RBS850 before 3.2.15.25.",
  "id": "GHSA-grhp-7p69-rvmm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:20:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:20:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000061938/Security-Advisory-for-Admin-Credential-Disclosure-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0050"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GV42-V83P-3GW3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-08 00:00
VLAI
Details

An attacker may obtain the user credentials from the communication between the PLC and the software. As a result, the PLC user program may be uploaded, altered, and/or downloaded.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-37400"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-28T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An attacker may obtain the user credentials from the communication between the PLC and the software. As a result, the PLC user program may be uploaded, altered, and/or downloaded.",
  "id": "GHSA-gv42-v83p-3gw3",
  "modified": "2022-01-08T00:00:43Z",
  "published": "2021-12-29T00:00:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37400"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92279973"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us.idec.com/idec-us/en/USD/Programmable-Logic-Controller/Micro-PLC/FC6A-MicroSmart/c/MicroSmart_FC6A"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us.idec.com/idec-us/en/USD/Software-Downloads-Automation-Organizer"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.idec.com/home/lp/pdf/2021-12-24-PLC.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GVGG-46QC-F5HW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in includes/head.inc.php in rConfig before 3.9.4. An unauthenticated attacker can retrieve saved cleartext credentials via a GET request to settings.php. Because the application was not exiting after a redirect is applied, the rest of the page still executed, resulting in the disclosure of cleartext credentials in the response.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-9425"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-20T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in includes/head.inc.php in rConfig before 3.9.4. An unauthenticated attacker can retrieve saved cleartext credentials via a GET request to settings.php. Because the application was not exiting after a redirect is applied, the rest of the page still executed, resulting in the disclosure of cleartext credentials in the response.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvgg-46qc-f5hw",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:12:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9425"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rconfig/rconfig/commit/20f4e3d87e84663d922b937842fddd9af1b68dd9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.hivint.com/rconfig-3-9-3-unauthenticated-sensitive-information-disclosure-ead4ed88f153"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GVHP-V4M2-3RWF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:15 – Updated: 2024-01-30 21:09
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins StarTeam Plugin stores credentials in plain text
Details

Jenkins StarTeam Plugin stores credentials unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "hudson.plugins:starteam"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.6.13"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10277"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-30T21:09:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-04T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins StarTeam Plugin stores credentials unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvhp-v4m2-3rwf",
  "modified": "2024-01-30T21:09:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:15:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10277"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-04-03/#SECURITY-1085"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/04/12/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107790"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins StarTeam Plugin stores credentials in plain text "
}

GHSA-GVMR-MP5Q-9WVW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-01 00:01 – Updated: 2022-12-09 04:54
VLAI
Summary
Plaintext Storage of a Password in Jenkins Skype notifier Plugin
Details

Skype notifier Plugin 1.1.0 and earlier stores a password unencrypted in its global configuration file hudson.plugins.skype.im.transport.SkypePublisher.xml on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration. This password can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:skype-notifier"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-34805"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-256",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-13T15:42:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-30T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Skype notifier Plugin 1.1.0 and earlier stores a password unencrypted in its global configuration file `hudson.plugins.skype.im.transport.SkypePublisher.xml` on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration. This password can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-gvmr-mp5q-9wvw",
  "modified": "2022-12-09T04:54:35Z",
  "published": "2022-07-01T00:01:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34805"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/skype-im-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-06-30/#SECURITY-2160"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Plaintext Storage of a Password in Jenkins Skype notifier Plugin"
}

GHSA-GVQV-H7HH-6FCC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 00:30 – Updated: 2024-02-13 19:29
VLAI
Summary
Allegro AI ClearML Stores Credentials in Plaintext in MongoDB Instance
Details

Allegro AI’s open-source version of ClearML stores passwords in plaintext within the MongoDB instance, resulting in a compromised server leaking all user emails and passwords.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "clearml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.14.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24595"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-312",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-09T21:36:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-05T22:16:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Allegro AI\u2019s open-source version of ClearML stores passwords in plaintext within the MongoDB instance, resulting in a compromised server leaking all user emails and passwords.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-gvqv-h7hh-6fcc",
  "modified": "2024-02-13T19:29:43Z",
  "published": "2024-02-06T00:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24595"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/allegroai/clearml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hiddenlayer.com/research/not-so-clear-how-mlops-solutions-can-muddy-the-waters-of-your-supply-chain"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Allegro AI ClearML Stores Credentials in Plaintext in MongoDB Instance"
}

GHSA-GW73-P994-R83W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-23 00:30 – Updated: 2022-12-28 15:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Security Verify Governance, Identity Manager 10.0.1 stores user credentials in plain clear text which can be read by a remote authenticated user. IBM X-Force ID: 225009.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22458"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Security Verify Governance, Identity Manager 10.0.1 stores user credentials in plain clear text which can be read by a remote authenticated user. IBM X-Force ID: 225009.",
  "id": "GHSA-gw73-p994-r83w",
  "modified": "2022-12-28T15:30:46Z",
  "published": "2022-12-23T00:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/225009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6849247"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.