Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-416

Allowed

Use After Free

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.

9874 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WC2R-G885-938P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 12:31 – Updated: 2025-10-28 21:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usb: xhci: Don't skip on Stopped - Length Invalid

Up until commit d56b0b2ab142 ("usb: xhci: ensure skipped isoc TDs are returned when isoc ring is stopped") in v6.11, the driver didn't skip missed isochronous TDs when handling Stoppend and Stopped - Length Invalid events. Instead, it erroneously cleared the skip flag, which would cause the ring to get stuck, as future events won't match the missed TD which is never removed from the queue until it's cancelled.

This buggy logic seems to have been in place substantially unchanged since the 3.x series over 10 years ago, which probably speaks first and foremost about relative rarity of this case in normal usage, but by the spec I see no reason why it shouldn't be possible.

After d56b0b2ab142, TDs are immediately skipped when handling those Stopped events. This poses a potential problem in case of Stopped - Length Invalid, which occurs either on completed TDs (likely already given back) or Link and No-Op TRBs. Such event won't be recognized as matching any TD (unless it's the rare Link TRB inside a TD) and will result in skipping all pending TDs, giving them back possibly before they are done, risking isoc data loss and maybe UAF by HW.

As a compromise, don't skip and don't clear the skip flag on this kind of event. Then the next event will skip missed TDs. A downside of not handling Stopped - Length Invalid on a Link inside a TD is that if the TD is cancelled, its actual length will not be updated to account for TRBs (silently) completed before the TD was stopped.

I had no luck producing this sequence of completion events so there is no compelling demonstration of any resulting disaster. It may be a very rare, obscure condition. The sole motivation for this patch is that if such unlikely event does occur, I'd rather risk reporting a cancelled partially done isoc frame as empty than gamble with UAF.

This will be fixed more properly by looking at Stopped event's TRB pointer when making skipping decisions, but such rework is unlikely to be backported to v6.12, which will stay around for a few years.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-22023"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T11:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusb: xhci: Don\u0027t skip on Stopped - Length Invalid\n\nUp until commit d56b0b2ab142 (\"usb: xhci: ensure skipped isoc TDs are\nreturned when isoc ring is stopped\") in v6.11, the driver didn\u0027t skip\nmissed isochronous TDs when handling Stoppend and Stopped - Length\nInvalid events. Instead, it erroneously cleared the skip flag, which\nwould cause the ring to get stuck, as future events won\u0027t match the\nmissed TD which is never removed from the queue until it\u0027s cancelled.\n\nThis buggy logic seems to have been in place substantially unchanged\nsince the 3.x series over 10 years ago, which probably speaks first\nand foremost about relative rarity of this case in normal usage, but\nby the spec I see no reason why it shouldn\u0027t be possible.\n\nAfter d56b0b2ab142, TDs are immediately skipped when handling those\nStopped events. This poses a potential problem in case of Stopped -\nLength Invalid, which occurs either on completed TDs (likely already\ngiven back) or Link and No-Op TRBs. Such event won\u0027t be recognized\nas matching any TD (unless it\u0027s the rare Link TRB inside a TD) and\nwill result in skipping all pending TDs, giving them back possibly\nbefore they are done, risking isoc data loss and maybe UAF by HW.\n\nAs a compromise, don\u0027t skip and don\u0027t clear the skip flag on this\nkind of event. Then the next event will skip missed TDs. A downside\nof not handling Stopped - Length Invalid on a Link inside a TD is\nthat if the TD is cancelled, its actual length will not be updated\nto account for TRBs (silently) completed before the TD was stopped.\n\nI had no luck producing this sequence of completion events so there\nis no compelling demonstration of any resulting disaster. It may be\na very rare, obscure condition. The sole motivation for this patch\nis that if such unlikely event does occur, I\u0027d rather risk reporting\na cancelled partially done isoc frame as empty than gamble with UAF.\n\nThis will be fixed more properly by looking at Stopped event\u0027s TRB\npointer when making skipping decisions, but such rework is unlikely\nto be backported to v6.12, which will stay around for a few years.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc2r-g885-938p",
  "modified": "2025-10-28T21:30:28Z",
  "published": "2025-04-16T12:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22023"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/49cf6f5293aeb706dd672608478336a003f37df6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58d0a3fab5f4fdc112c16a4c6d382f62097afd1c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6af20ac254cbd0e1178a3542767c9308e209eee5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de9e78167f760a699806793d7c987239e4f6c8c3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC34-6466-JM47

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-06 00:01 – Updated: 2022-04-13 00:00
VLAI
Details

Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 98.0.4758.102 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-0603"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-05T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Use after free in File Manager in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 98.0.4758.102 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc34-6466-jm47",
  "modified": "2022-04-13T00:00:46Z",
  "published": "2022-04-06T00:01:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0603"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/02/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_14.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/1290008"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC3V-9V7V-J6J8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2023-01-09 18:30
VLAI
Details

A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.2 and iPadOS 14.2, macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, watchOS 7.1, tvOS 14.2. A local attacker may be able to elevate their privileges.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-27899"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 14.2 and iPadOS 14.2, macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, watchOS 7.1, tvOS 14.2. A local attacker may be able to elevate their privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc3v-9v7v-j6j8",
  "modified": "2023-01-09T18:30:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27899"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211929"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211930"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211931"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC3X-X63X-RJ8Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-23 18:30 – Updated: 2026-03-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

XnSoft NConvert 7.230 is vulnerable to Use-After-Free via a crafted .tiff file

Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-30007"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T17:16:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "XnSoft NConvert 7.230 is vulnerable to Use-After-Free via a crafted .tiff file",
  "id": "GHSA-wc3x-x63x-rj8q",
  "modified": "2026-03-23T18:30:32Z",
  "published": "2026-03-23T18:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30007"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PassMoon/Nconvert_Vul_7.230"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.xnview.com/en/nconvert"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC47-9C2F-687H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:33 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:33
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 9.0.0.29935. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the XFA borderColor attribute. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-5436.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1173"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-17T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 9.0.0.29935. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the XFA borderColor attribute. The issue results from the lack of validating the existence of an object prior to performing operations on the object. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code under the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-5436.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc47-9c2f-687h",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:33:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:33:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-18-311"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC4C-2HHQ-9F86

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23
VLAI
Details

Use-after-free vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox before 16.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.8, Thunderbird before 16.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.8, and SeaMonkey before 2.13 might allow user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors involving use of mozRequestFullScreen to enter full-screen mode, and use of the history.back method for backwards history navigation.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-3988"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-10-10T17:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Use-after-free vulnerability in Mozilla Firefox before 16.0, Firefox ESR 10.x before 10.0.8, Thunderbird before 16.0, Thunderbird ESR 10.x before 10.0.8, and SeaMonkey before 2.13 might allow user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via vectors involving use of mozRequestFullScreen to enter full-screen mode, and use of the history.back method for backwards history navigation.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc4c-2hhq-9f86",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:23:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3988"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=725770"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/79149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A16334"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2012-10/msg00010.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/86109"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-1351.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50856"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50892"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50936"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50984"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/55318"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2012:163"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2012/mfsa2012-79.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1611-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WC68-8H86-HXXJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:10 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:43
VLAI
Details

Use-after-free vulnerability in the DestroyImage function in image.c in ImageMagick before 7.0.6-6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted file.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12877"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-28T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Use-after-free vulnerability in the DestroyImage function in image.c in ImageMagick before 7.0.6-6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-wc68-8h86-hxxj",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:43:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:10:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12877"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/commit/04178de2247e353fc095846784b9a10fefdbf890"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/08/10/imagemagick-use-after-free-in-destroyimage-image-c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201711-07"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3681-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4040"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4074"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/08/16/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WC8W-C4FG-HJ36

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-07-15 21:31
VLAI
Details

Use after free in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 138.0.7204.157 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7657"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-15T18:15:24Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Use after free in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 138.0.7204.157 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
  "id": "GHSA-wc8w-c4fg-hj36",
  "modified": "2025-07-15T21:31:39Z",
  "published": "2025-07-15T18:31:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7657"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_15.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/427681143"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WCC4-C252-RXXR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 09:31 – Updated: 2024-08-29 03:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

Bluetooth: hci_qca: Fix driver shutdown on closed serdev

The driver shutdown callback (which sends EDL_SOC_RESET to the device over serdev) should not be invoked when HCI device is not open (e.g. if hci_dev_open_sync() failed), because the serdev and its TTY are not open either. Also skip this step if device is powered off (qca_power_shutdown()).

The shutdown callback causes use-after-free during system reboot with Qualcomm Atheros Bluetooth:

Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0072662f67726fd7 ... CPU: 6 PID: 1 Comm: systemd-shutdow Tainted: G W 6.1.0-rt5-00325-g8a5f56bcfcca #8 Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Robotics RB5 (DT) Call trace: tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x4/0x30 serdev_device_write_flush+0x24/0x34 qca_serdev_shutdown+0x80/0x130 [hci_uart] device_shutdown+0x15c/0x260 kernel_restart+0x48/0xac

KASAN report:

BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x1c/0x50 Read of size 8 at addr ffff16270c2e0018 by task systemd-shutdow/1

CPU: 7 PID: 1 Comm: systemd-shutdow Not tainted 6.1.0-next-20221220-00014-gb85aaf97fb01-dirty #28 Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Robotics RB5 (DT) Call trace: dump_backtrace.part.0+0xdc/0xf0 show_stack+0x18/0x30 dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x84 print_report+0x188/0x488 kasan_report+0xa4/0xf0 __asan_load8+0x80/0xac tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x1c/0x50 ttyport_write_flush+0x34/0x44 serdev_device_write_flush+0x48/0x60 qca_serdev_shutdown+0x124/0x274 device_shutdown+0x1e8/0x350 kernel_restart+0x48/0xb0 __do_sys_reboot+0x244/0x2d0 __arm64_sys_reboot+0x54/0x70 invoke_syscall+0x60/0x190 el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x7c/0x160 do_el0_svc+0x44/0xf0 el0_svc+0x2c/0x6c el0t_64_sync_handler+0xbc/0x140 el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48878"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T07:15:04Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: hci_qca: Fix driver shutdown on closed serdev\n\nThe driver shutdown callback (which sends EDL_SOC_RESET to the device\nover serdev) should not be invoked when HCI device is not open (e.g. if\nhci_dev_open_sync() failed), because the serdev and its TTY are not open\neither.  Also skip this step if device is powered off\n(qca_power_shutdown()).\n\nThe shutdown callback causes use-after-free during system reboot with\nQualcomm Atheros Bluetooth:\n\n  Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address\n  0072662f67726fd7\n  ...\n  CPU: 6 PID: 1 Comm: systemd-shutdow Tainted: G        W\n  6.1.0-rt5-00325-g8a5f56bcfcca #8\n  Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Robotics RB5 (DT)\n  Call trace:\n   tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x4/0x30\n   serdev_device_write_flush+0x24/0x34\n   qca_serdev_shutdown+0x80/0x130 [hci_uart]\n   device_shutdown+0x15c/0x260\n   kernel_restart+0x48/0xac\n\nKASAN report:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x1c/0x50\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff16270c2e0018 by task systemd-shutdow/1\n\n  CPU: 7 PID: 1 Comm: systemd-shutdow Not tainted\n  6.1.0-next-20221220-00014-gb85aaf97fb01-dirty #28\n  Hardware name: Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Robotics RB5 (DT)\n  Call trace:\n   dump_backtrace.part.0+0xdc/0xf0\n   show_stack+0x18/0x30\n   dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0x84\n   print_report+0x188/0x488\n   kasan_report+0xa4/0xf0\n   __asan_load8+0x80/0xac\n   tty_driver_flush_buffer+0x1c/0x50\n   ttyport_write_flush+0x34/0x44\n   serdev_device_write_flush+0x48/0x60\n   qca_serdev_shutdown+0x124/0x274\n   device_shutdown+0x1e8/0x350\n   kernel_restart+0x48/0xb0\n   __do_sys_reboot+0x244/0x2d0\n   __arm64_sys_reboot+0x54/0x70\n   invoke_syscall+0x60/0x190\n   el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x7c/0x160\n   do_el0_svc+0x44/0xf0\n   el0_svc+0x2c/0x6c\n   el0t_64_sync_handler+0xbc/0x140\n   el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194",
  "id": "GHSA-wcc4-c252-rxxr",
  "modified": "2024-08-29T03:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-08-21T09:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48878"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/272970be3dabd24cbe50e393ffee8f04aec3b9a8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/908d1742b6e694e84ead5c62e4b7c1bfbb8b46a3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e84ec6e25df9bb0968599e92eacedaf3a0a5b587"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ea3ebda47dd56f6e1c62f2e0e1b6e1b0a973e447"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WCCC-2QV8-6647

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-06 12:31 – Updated: 2024-08-22 15:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/drm_file: Fix pid refcounting race

filp->pid is supposed to be a refcounted pointer; however, before this patch, drm_file_update_pid() only increments the refcount of a struct pid after storing a pointer to it in filp->pid and dropping the dev->filelist_mutex, making the following race possible:

process A process B ========= ========= begin drm_file_update_pid mutex_lock(&dev->filelist_mutex) rcu_replace_pointer(filp->pid, , 1) mutex_unlock(&dev->filelist_mutex) begin drm_file_update_pid mutex_lock(&dev->filelist_mutex) rcu_replace_pointer(filp->pid, , 1) mutex_unlock(&dev->filelist_mutex) get_pid() synchronize_rcu() put_pid() *** pid B reaches refcount 0 and is freed here *** get_pid() *** UAF *** synchronize_rcu() put_pid()

As far as I know, this race can only occur with CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU=y because it requires RCU to detect a quiescent state in code that is not explicitly calling into the scheduler.

This race leads to use-after-free of a "struct pid". It is probably somewhat hard to hit because process A has to pass through a synchronize_rcu() operation while process B is between mutex_unlock() and get_pid().

Fix it by ensuring that by the time a pointer to the current task's pid is stored in the file, an extra reference to the pid has been taken.

This fix also removes the condition for synchronize_rcu(); I think that optimization is unnecessary complexity, since in that case we would usually have bailed out on the lockless check above.

Severity
7.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-39486"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-06T10:15:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/drm_file: Fix pid refcounting race\n\n\nfilp-\u003epid is supposed to be a refcounted pointer; however, before this\npatch, drm_file_update_pid() only increments the refcount of a struct\npid after storing a pointer to it in filp-\u003epid and dropping the\ndev-\u003efilelist_mutex, making the following race possible:\n\nprocess A               process B\n=========               =========\n                        begin drm_file_update_pid\n                        mutex_lock(\u0026dev-\u003efilelist_mutex)\n                        rcu_replace_pointer(filp-\u003epid, \u003cpid B\u003e, 1)\n                        mutex_unlock(\u0026dev-\u003efilelist_mutex)\nbegin drm_file_update_pid\nmutex_lock(\u0026dev-\u003efilelist_mutex)\nrcu_replace_pointer(filp-\u003epid, \u003cpid A\u003e, 1)\nmutex_unlock(\u0026dev-\u003efilelist_mutex)\nget_pid(\u003cpid A\u003e)\nsynchronize_rcu()\nput_pid(\u003cpid B\u003e)   *** pid B reaches refcount 0 and is freed here ***\n                        get_pid(\u003cpid B\u003e)   *** UAF ***\n                        synchronize_rcu()\n                        put_pid(\u003cpid A\u003e)\n\nAs far as I know, this race can only occur with CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU=y\nbecause it requires RCU to detect a quiescent state in code that is not\nexplicitly calling into the scheduler.\n\nThis race leads to use-after-free of a \"struct pid\".\nIt is probably somewhat hard to hit because process A has to pass\nthrough a synchronize_rcu() operation while process B is between\nmutex_unlock() and get_pid().\n\nFix it by ensuring that by the time a pointer to the current task\u0027s pid\nis stored in the file, an extra reference to the pid has been taken.\n\nThis fix also removes the condition for synchronize_rcu(); I think\nthat optimization is unnecessary complexity, since in that case we\nwould usually have bailed out on the lockless check above.",
  "id": "GHSA-wccc-2qv8-6647",
  "modified": "2024-08-22T15:31:16Z",
  "published": "2024-07-06T12:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39486"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0acce2a5c619ef1abdee783d7fea5eac78ce4844"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16682588ead4a593cf1aebb33b36df4d1e9e4ffa"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4f2a129b33a2054e62273edd5a051c34c08d96e9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.

Mitigation
Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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