Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-404

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

1219 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-98F3-HWG4-4RF7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-30 17:43
VLAI
Summary
vllm has Improper Resource Shutdown or Release
Details

A vulnerability was identified in vllm-project vllm 0.19.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component OpenAI-compatible Serving Path. Such manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "vllm"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.19.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9540"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-30T17:43:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-26T14:16:45Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in vllm-project vllm 0.19.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component OpenAI-compatible Serving Path. Such manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.",
  "id": "GHSA-98f3-hwg4-4rf7",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T17:43:35Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T15:32:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9540"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/issues/37343"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/37594"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ingero.io/debugging-vllm-latency-minimax-ollama-mcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/814645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365601"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365601/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "vllm has Improper Resource Shutdown or Release "
}

GHSA-98W2-6V6Q-2PRV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-28 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-30 15:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

gpio: mockup: Fix potential resource leakage when register a chip

If creation of software node fails, the locally allocated string array is left unfreed. Free it on error path.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-48661"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-28T13:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngpio: mockup: Fix potential resource leakage when register a chip\n\nIf creation of software node fails, the locally allocated string\narray is left unfreed. Free it on error path.",
  "id": "GHSA-98w2-6v6q-2prv",
  "modified": "2024-04-30T15:30:36Z",
  "published": "2024-04-28T15:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48661"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02743c4091ccfb246f5cdbbe3f44b152d5d12933"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41f857033c44442a27f591fda8d986e7c9e42872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9b26723e058faaf11b532fb4aa16d6849d581790"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-99CR-CP29-28QF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:40 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:40
VLAI
Details

A elevation of privilege vulnerability in the Android media framework (libstagefright). Product: Android. Versions: 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0. Android ID: A-37662122.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-0769"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-08T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A elevation of privilege vulnerability in the Android media framework (libstagefright). Product: Android. Versions: 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0. Android ID: A-37662122.",
  "id": "GHSA-99cr-cp29-28qf",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:40:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:40:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-0769"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2017-09-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100649"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-99JR-QH2R-JWFM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-19 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-19 18:31
VLAI
Details

A security vulnerability has been detected in mrubyc up to 3.4. This impacts the function mrbc_raw_realloc of the file src/alloc.c. Such manipulation of the argument ptr leads to null pointer dereference. An attack has to be approached locally. The name of the patch is 009111904807b8567262036bf45297c3da8f1c87. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13397"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-19T16:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in mrubyc up to 3.4. This impacts the function mrbc_raw_realloc of the file src/alloc.c. Such manipulation of the argument ptr leads to null pointer dereference. An attack has to be approached locally. The name of the patch is 009111904807b8567262036bf45297c3da8f1c87. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-99jr-qh2r-jwfm",
  "modified": "2025-11-19T18:31:19Z",
  "published": "2025-11-19T18:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13397"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mrubyc/mrubyc/issues/244"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mrubyc/mrubyc/issues/244#issuecomment-3400382026"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mrubyc/mrubyc/commit/009111904807b8567262036bf45297c3da8f1c87"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.332925"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.332925"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.692130"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9C8M-HMQF-MHQ2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details

TIPC dissector crash in Wireshark 4.0.0 to 4.0.2 and 3.6.0 to 3.6.10 and allows denial of service via packet injection or crafted capture file

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-0412"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T21:18:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "TIPC dissector crash in Wireshark 4.0.0 to 4.0.2 and 3.6.0 to 3.6.10 and allows denial of service via packet injection or crafted capture file",
  "id": "GHSA-9c8m-hmqf-mhq2",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:35Z",
  "published": "2023-01-26T21:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0412"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2023/CVE-2023-0412.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/issues/18770"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/02/msg00007.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00049.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2023-07.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9CFH-J29X-X9RC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-17 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 12:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Linux Kernel. This vulnerability affects the function bnx2x_tpa_stop of the file drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnx2x/bnx2x_cmn.c of the component BPF. The manipulation leads to memory leak. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-211042 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3542"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-17T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Linux Kernel. This vulnerability affects the function bnx2x_tpa_stop of the file drivers/net/ethernet/broadcom/bnx2x/bnx2x_cmn.c of the component BPF. The manipulation leads to memory leak. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-211042 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-9cfh-j29x-x9rc",
  "modified": "2022-10-19T12:00:19Z",
  "published": "2022-10-17T19:00:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next.git/commit/?id=b43f9acbb8942b05252be83ac25a81cec70cc192"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.211042"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F7V-8M4P-PV76

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:03 – Updated: 2024-04-26 09:30
VLAI
Details

knot-resolver before version 4.3.0 is vulnerable to denial of service through high CPU utilization. DNS replies with very many resource records might be processed very inefficiently, in extreme cases taking even several CPU seconds for each such uncached message. For example, a few thousand A records can be squashed into one DNS message (limit is 64kB).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-19331"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404",
      "CWE-407"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-12-16T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "knot-resolver before version 4.3.0 is vulnerable to denial of service through high CPU utilization. DNS replies with very many resource records might be processed very inefficiently, in extreme cases taking even several CPU seconds for each such uncached message. For example, a few thousand A records can be squashed into one DNS message (limit is 64kB).",
  "id": "GHSA-9f7v-8m4p-pv76",
  "modified": "2024-04-26T09:30:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:03:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-19331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/04/msg00017.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.knot-resolver.cz/2019-12-04-knot-resolver-4.3.0.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F9P-GP89-CXXH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 03:30 – Updated: 2026-03-26 03:30
VLAI
Details

A weakness has been identified in Orc discount up to 3.0.1.2. This issue affects the function compile of the file markdown.c of the component Markdown Handler. This manipulation causes uncontrolled recursion. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The project maintainer confirms: "[I]f you feed it an infinitely deep blockquote input it will crash. (...) [T]his is a duplicate of an old bug that I've been working on."

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4833"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-26T02:16:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A weakness has been identified in Orc discount up to 3.0.1.2. This issue affects the function compile of the file markdown.c of the component Markdown Handler. This manipulation causes uncontrolled recursion. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The project maintainer confirms: \"[I]f you feed it an infinitely deep blockquote input it will crash. (...) [T]his is a duplicate of an old bug that I\u0027ve been working on.\"",
  "id": "GHSA-9f9p-gp89-cxxh",
  "modified": "2026-03-26T03:30:28Z",
  "published": "2026-03-26T03:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Orc/discount/issues/305"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Orc/discount/issues/305#issuecomment-4027546673"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Orc/discount"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/25847391/crash00.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.353138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.353138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.775841"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9G72-VRH2-4XQW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-05 18:30 – Updated: 2025-01-05 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in IObit Protected Folder up to 13.6.0.5 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function 0x8001E000/0x8001E004 in the library IUProcessFilter.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation leads to null pointer dereference. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0222"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404",
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-05T16:15:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in IObit Protected Folder up to 13.6.0.5 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function 0x8001E000/0x8001E004 in the library IUProcessFilter.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation leads to null pointer dereference. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-9g72-vrh2-4xqw",
  "modified": "2025-01-05T18:30:35Z",
  "published": "2025-01-05T18:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0222"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://shareforall.notion.site/IOBit-Uninstaller-IUProcessFilter-0x8001E000-NPD-DOS-15260437bb1e809c81bbc484c53b17bc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.290201"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.290201"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.466956"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9G8W-V7C9-68V9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:20
VLAI
Details

Belledonne Belle-sip before 5.0.20 can crash applications such as Linphone via " \ " in the display name of a From header.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-43611"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-12T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Belledonne Belle-sip before 5.0.20 can crash applications such as Linphone via \" \\ \" in the display name of a From header.",
  "id": "GHSA-9g8w-v7c9-68v9",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:20:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:20:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43611"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BelledonneCommunications/belle-sip/commit/d3f0651531e45e91c2e60f3a16a8b612802e5d2d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/BelledonneCommunications/belle-sip/compare/5.0.18...5.0.20"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, languages such as Java, Ruby, and Lisp perform automatic garbage collection that releases memory for objects that have been deallocated.
Mitigation
Implementation

It is good practice to be responsible for freeing all resources you allocate and to be consistent with how and where you free memory in a function. If you allocate memory that you intend to free upon completion of the function, you must be sure to free the memory at all exit points for that function including error conditions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Memory should be allocated/freed using matching functions such as malloc/free, new/delete, and new[]/delete[].

Mitigation
Implementation

When releasing a complex object or structure, ensure that you properly dispose of all of its member components, not just the object itself.

CAPEC-125: Flooding

An adversary consumes the resources of a target by rapidly engaging in a large number of interactions with the target. This type of attack generally exposes a weakness in rate limiting or flow. When successful this attack prevents legitimate users from accessing the service and can cause the target to crash. This attack differs from resource depletion through leaks or allocations in that the latter attacks do not rely on the volume of requests made to the target but instead focus on manipulation of the target's operations. The key factor in a flooding attack is the number of requests the adversary can make in a given period of time. The greater this number, the more likely an attack is to succeed against a given target.

CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation

An adversary causes the target to allocate excessive resources to servicing the attackers' request, thereby reducing the resources available for legitimate services and degrading or denying services. Usually, this attack focuses on memory allocation, but any finite resource on the target could be the attacked, including bandwidth, processing cycles, or other resources. This attack does not attempt to force this allocation through a large number of requests (that would be Resource Depletion through Flooding) but instead uses one or a small number of requests that are carefully formatted to force the target to allocate excessive resources to service this request(s). Often this attack takes advantage of a bug in the target to cause the target to allocate resources vastly beyond what would be needed for a normal request.

CAPEC-131: Resource Leak Exposure

An adversary utilizes a resource leak on the target to deplete the quantity of the resource available to service legitimate requests.

CAPEC-494: TCP Fragmentation

An adversary may execute a TCP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of avoiding filtering rules of network controls, by attempting to fragment the TCP packet such that the headers flag field is pushed into the second fragment which typically is not filtered.

CAPEC-495: UDP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a UDP Fragmentation attack against a target server in an attempt to consume resources such as bandwidth and CPU. IP fragmentation occurs when an IP datagram is larger than the MTU of the route the datagram has to traverse. Typically the attacker will use large UDP packets over 1500 bytes of data which forces fragmentation as ethernet MTU is 1500 bytes. This attack is a variation on a typical UDP flood but it enables more network bandwidth to be consumed with fewer packets. Additionally it has the potential to consume server CPU resources and fill memory buffers associated with the processing and reassembling of fragmented packets.

CAPEC-496: ICMP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a ICMP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of consuming resources or causing a crash. The attacker crafts a large number of identical fragmented IP packets containing a portion of a fragmented ICMP message. The attacker these sends these messages to a target host which causes the host to become non-responsive. Another vector may be sending a fragmented ICMP message to a target host with incorrect sizes in the header which causes the host to hang.

CAPEC-666: BlueSmacking

An adversary uses Bluetooth flooding to transfer large packets to Bluetooth enabled devices over the L2CAP protocol with the goal of creating a DoS. This attack must be carried out within close proximity to a Bluetooth enabled device.