Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-404

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

1219 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-7R37-MVC5-MR92

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-10-01 00:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in Open5GS up to 2.4.10 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code in the library lib/core/ogs-tlv-msg.c of the component UDP Packet Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-209686 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3354"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-28T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in Open5GS up to 2.4.10 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code in the library lib/core/ogs-tlv-msg.c of the component UDP Packet Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-209686 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r37-mvc5-mr92",
  "modified": "2022-10-01T00:00:28Z",
  "published": "2022-09-29T00:00:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3354"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open5gs/open5gs/issues/1767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.209686"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7R9M-HJRF-8CX2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-18 09:30 – Updated: 2023-03-01 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Xoslab Easy File Locker 2.2.0.184. This affects the function MessageNotifyCallback in the library xlkfs.sys. The manipulation leads to denial of service. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-221457 was assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-0908"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-18T08:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Xoslab Easy File Locker 2.2.0.184. This affects the function MessageNotifyCallback in the library xlkfs.sys. The manipulation leads to denial of service. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-221457 was assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r9m-hjrf-8cx2",
  "modified": "2023-03-01T18:30:58Z",
  "published": "2023-02-18T09:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0908"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eow4SP11iEza9D4_Dz7hkouOqJQynA_2/view?usp=sharing"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zeze-zeze/WindowsKernelVuln/tree/master/CVE-2023-0908"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.221457"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.221457"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7RWV-R93W-X5Q6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-29 15:31
VLAI
Details

An issue in the DSO::mmap_and_copy function of relibc commit 61f42d allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via loading a crafted shared library.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-38641"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T21:16:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in the DSO::mmap_and_copy function of relibc commit 61f42d allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via loading a crafted shared library.",
  "id": "GHSA-7rwv-r93w-x5q6",
  "modified": "2026-06-29T15:31:59Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T21:32:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-38641"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Marsman1996/pocs/tree/master/redox/CVE-2026-38641"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/issues/263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/merge_requests/1046"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.redox-os.org/redox-os/relibc/-/work_items/263"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7V52-HC23-9W76

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-17 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 19:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in X.org libX11 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function _XFreeX11XCBStructure of the file xcb_disp.c. The manipulation of the argument dpy leads to memory leak. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-211055.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-3555"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-401",
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-17T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in X.org libX11 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function _XFreeX11XCBStructure of the file xcb_disp.c. The manipulation of the argument dpy leads to memory leak. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-211055.",
  "id": "GHSA-7v52-hc23-9w76",
  "modified": "2022-10-19T19:00:22Z",
  "published": "2022-10-17T19:00:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3555"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cgit.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libX11/commit/?id=8a368d808fec166b5fb3dfe6312aab22c7ee20af"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.211055"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7X26-54JJ-CVHR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 06:30 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:42
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: Open Babel has out-of-bounds read in PQS lowerit (pre-buffer read)
Details

Duplicate Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-m982-7q3h-r784. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

A vulnerability was determined in Open Babel up to 3.1.1. This affects the function PQSFormat::ReadMolecule of the file /src/formats/PQSformat.cpp. This manipulation causes null pointer dereference. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "openbabel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T17:42:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T04:15:59Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "## Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-m982-7q3h-r784. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nA vulnerability was determined in Open Babel up to 3.1.1. This affects the function PQSFormat::ReadMolecule of the file /src/formats/PQSformat.cpp. This manipulation causes null pointer dereference. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.",
  "id": "GHSA-7x26-54jj-cvhr",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T17:42:11Z",
  "published": "2025-09-26T06:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/issues/2826"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22318474/poc.zip"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.654066"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Open Babel has out-of-bounds read in PQS lowerit (pre-buffer read)",
  "withdrawn": "2026-07-01T17:42:11Z"
}

GHSA-7X8V-Q8WP-HCG7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-19 21:33 – Updated: 2026-02-23 09:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in birkir prime up to 0.4.0.beta.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /graphql of the component GraphQL Array Based Query Batch Handler. The manipulation results in denial of service. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-1173"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-19T20:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in birkir prime up to 0.4.0.beta.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /graphql of the component GraphQL Array Based Query Batch Handler. The manipulation results in denial of service. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
  "id": "GHSA-7x8v-q8wp-hcg7",
  "modified": "2026-02-23T09:31:22Z",
  "published": "2026-01-19T21:33:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/birkir/prime/issues/544"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/birkir/prime"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.341767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.731104"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7X9C-H7V7-85MV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:25 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:25
VLAI
Details

The string component in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) through 2.28, when running on the x32 architecture, incorrectly attempts to use a 64-bit register for size_t in assembly codes, which can lead to a segmentation fault or possibly unspecified other impact, as demonstrated by a crash in __memmove_avx_unaligned_erms in sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S during a memcpy.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-6488"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-01-18T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The string component in the GNU C Library (aka glibc or libc6) through 2.28, when running on the x32 architecture, incorrectly attempts to use a 64-bit register for size_t in assembly codes, which can lead to a segmentation fault or possibly unspecified other impact, as demonstrated by a crash in __memmove_avx_unaligned_erms in sysdeps/x86_64/multiarch/memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S during a memcpy.",
  "id": "GHSA-7x9c-h7v7-85mv",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:25:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:25:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202006-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24097"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106671"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-824X-35QP-X4VM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-01 12:31 – Updated: 2025-12-22 18:30
VLAI
Details

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release vulnerability in ASR180x 、ASR190x in router

components

allows Resource Leak Exposure. This vulnerability is associated with program files router/phonebook/pb.c.

This issue affects Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49488"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-01T11:15:20Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Improper Resource Shutdown or Release vulnerability in ASR180x \u3001ASR190x in router \n\ncomponents\n\n allows Resource Leak Exposure. This vulnerability is associated with program files router/phonebook/pb.c.\n\nThis issue affects Falcon_Linux\u3001Kestrel\u3001Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.",
  "id": "GHSA-824x-35qp-x4vm",
  "modified": "2025-12-22T18:30:24Z",
  "published": "2025-07-01T12:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.asrmicro.com/en/goods/psirt?cid=40"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-827X-JCQR-J5W5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-11 21:31 – Updated: 2024-01-11 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Jasper httpdx up to 1.5.4 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250439.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0419"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-11T19:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Jasper httpdx up to 1.5.4 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-250439.",
  "id": "GHSA-827x-jcqr-j5w5",
  "modified": "2024-01-11T21:31:19Z",
  "published": "2024-01-11T21:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2024010027"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.250439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.250439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dAWGH0-6TY"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-82GR-5FPF-Q3W4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-26 00:01
VLAI
Details

A denial of service vulnerability exists in the cgiserver.cgi Upgrade API functionality of Reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to a reboot. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-40405"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-14T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the cgiserver.cgi Upgrade API functionality of Reolink RLC-410W v3.0.0.136_20121102. A specially-crafted HTTP request can lead to a reboot. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-82gr-5fpf-q3w4",
  "modified": "2022-04-26T00:01:05Z",
  "published": "2022-04-15T00:00:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1422"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, languages such as Java, Ruby, and Lisp perform automatic garbage collection that releases memory for objects that have been deallocated.
Mitigation
Implementation

It is good practice to be responsible for freeing all resources you allocate and to be consistent with how and where you free memory in a function. If you allocate memory that you intend to free upon completion of the function, you must be sure to free the memory at all exit points for that function including error conditions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Memory should be allocated/freed using matching functions such as malloc/free, new/delete, and new[]/delete[].

Mitigation
Implementation

When releasing a complex object or structure, ensure that you properly dispose of all of its member components, not just the object itself.

CAPEC-125: Flooding

An adversary consumes the resources of a target by rapidly engaging in a large number of interactions with the target. This type of attack generally exposes a weakness in rate limiting or flow. When successful this attack prevents legitimate users from accessing the service and can cause the target to crash. This attack differs from resource depletion through leaks or allocations in that the latter attacks do not rely on the volume of requests made to the target but instead focus on manipulation of the target's operations. The key factor in a flooding attack is the number of requests the adversary can make in a given period of time. The greater this number, the more likely an attack is to succeed against a given target.

CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation

An adversary causes the target to allocate excessive resources to servicing the attackers' request, thereby reducing the resources available for legitimate services and degrading or denying services. Usually, this attack focuses on memory allocation, but any finite resource on the target could be the attacked, including bandwidth, processing cycles, or other resources. This attack does not attempt to force this allocation through a large number of requests (that would be Resource Depletion through Flooding) but instead uses one or a small number of requests that are carefully formatted to force the target to allocate excessive resources to service this request(s). Often this attack takes advantage of a bug in the target to cause the target to allocate resources vastly beyond what would be needed for a normal request.

CAPEC-131: Resource Leak Exposure

An adversary utilizes a resource leak on the target to deplete the quantity of the resource available to service legitimate requests.

CAPEC-494: TCP Fragmentation

An adversary may execute a TCP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of avoiding filtering rules of network controls, by attempting to fragment the TCP packet such that the headers flag field is pushed into the second fragment which typically is not filtered.

CAPEC-495: UDP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a UDP Fragmentation attack against a target server in an attempt to consume resources such as bandwidth and CPU. IP fragmentation occurs when an IP datagram is larger than the MTU of the route the datagram has to traverse. Typically the attacker will use large UDP packets over 1500 bytes of data which forces fragmentation as ethernet MTU is 1500 bytes. This attack is a variation on a typical UDP flood but it enables more network bandwidth to be consumed with fewer packets. Additionally it has the potential to consume server CPU resources and fill memory buffers associated with the processing and reassembling of fragmented packets.

CAPEC-496: ICMP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a ICMP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of consuming resources or causing a crash. The attacker crafts a large number of identical fragmented IP packets containing a portion of a fragmented ICMP message. The attacker these sends these messages to a target host which causes the host to become non-responsive. Another vector may be sending a fragmented ICMP message to a target host with incorrect sizes in the header which causes the host to hang.

CAPEC-666: BlueSmacking

An adversary uses Bluetooth flooding to transfer large packets to Bluetooth enabled devices over the L2CAP protocol with the goal of creating a DoS. This attack must be carried out within close proximity to a Bluetooth enabled device.