Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-404

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Resource Shutdown or Release

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not release or incorrectly releases a resource before it is made available for re-use.

1219 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3X8V-X6RR-P9G8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-01 12:31 – Updated: 2025-12-22 18:30
VLAI
Details

Resource leak vulnerability in ASR180x in router allows Resource Leak Exposure. This vulnerability is associated with program files router/sms/sms.c. This issue affects Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49490"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-01T10:15:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Resource leak vulnerability in ASR180x in router allows Resource Leak Exposure.\n This vulnerability is associated with program files  router/sms/sms.c. \nThis issue affects Falcon_Linux\u3001Kestrel\u3001Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.",
  "id": "GHSA-3x8v-x6rr-p9g8",
  "modified": "2025-12-22T18:30:23Z",
  "published": "2025-07-01T12:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49490"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.asrmicro.com/en/goods/psirt?cid=40"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-42P7-GGCC-R5FP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 00:29 – Updated: 2024-04-03 23:58
VLAI
Details

The unity-firefox-extension package could be tricked into dropping a C callback which was still in use, which Firefox would then free, causing Firefox to crash. This could be achieved by adding an action to the launcher and updating it with new callbacks until the libunity-webapps rate limit was hit. Fixed in 3.0.0+14.04.20140416-0ubuntu1.14.04.1 of unity-firefox-extension and in all versions of libunity-webapps by shipping an empty unity-firefox-extension package, thus disabling the extension entirely and invalidating the attack against the libunity-webapps package.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-1055"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-07T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The unity-firefox-extension package could be tricked into dropping a C callback which was still in use, which Firefox would then free, causing Firefox to crash. This could be achieved by adding an action to the launcher and updating it with new callbacks until the libunity-webapps rate limit was hit. Fixed in 3.0.0+14.04.20140416-0ubuntu1.14.04.1 of unity-firefox-extension and in all versions of libunity-webapps by shipping an empty unity-firefox-extension package, thus disabling the extension entirely and invalidating the attack against the libunity-webapps package.",
  "id": "GHSA-42p7-ggcc-r5fp",
  "modified": "2024-04-03T23:58:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-05T00:29:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1055"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.net/bugs/1175691"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/USN-2743-3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4496-VVGV-5VHM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-18 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-24 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Lespeed WiseCleaner Wise System Monitor 1.5.3.54. Affected is an unknown function in the library WiseHDInfo64.dll of the component IoControlCode Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-223374 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1488"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-18T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Lespeed WiseCleaner Wise System Monitor 1.5.3.54. Affected is an unknown function in the library WiseHDInfo64.dll of the component IoControlCode Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-223374 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-4496-vvgv-5vhm",
  "modified": "2023-03-24T18:30:26Z",
  "published": "2023-03-18T21:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1X4qH-BIww5jIdoYfg9WKvX5088cpMRHY/view"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zeze-zeze/WindowsKernelVuln/tree/master/CVE-2023-1488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zeze-zeze/WindowsKernelVuln/tree/master/unassigned17"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.223374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.223374"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4567-7FW8-972R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details

In Phoenix Contact FL SWITCH SMCS series products in multiple versions fragmented TCP-Packets may cause a Denial of Service of Web-, SNMP- and ICMP-Echo services. The switching functionality of the device is not affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21003"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-25T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Phoenix Contact FL SWITCH SMCS series products in multiple versions fragmented TCP-Packets may cause a Denial of Service of Web-, SNMP- and ICMP-Echo services. The switching functionality of the device is not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-4567-7fw8-972r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:06:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.vde.com/en-us/advisories/vde-2021-023"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-45X8-4RG4-4FFP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-18 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-18 18:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in GPAC up to 2.4. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function gf_dash_download_init_segment of the file src/media_tools/dash_client.c. The manipulation of the argument base_init_url leads to null pointer dereference. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as 153ea314b6b053db17164f8bc3c7e1e460938eaa. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-7797"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-18T18:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in GPAC up to 2.4. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function gf_dash_download_init_segment of the file src/media_tools/dash_client.c. The manipulation of the argument base_init_url leads to null pointer dereference. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as 153ea314b6b053db17164f8bc3c7e1e460938eaa. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-45x8-4rg4-4ffp",
  "modified": "2025-07-18T18:30:31Z",
  "published": "2025-07-18T18:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gpac/gpac/commit/153ea314b6b053db17164f8bc3c7e1e460938eaa"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Z-C6RajpZ40ujo1iGNt3_mG855mPbs1Q/view?usp=share_link"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.316862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.316862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.616664"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-45XC-W9GQ-G735

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-18 09:31 – Updated: 2022-12-22 21:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in OWASP NodeGoat and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file app/routes/research.js of the component Query Parameter Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is 4a4d1db74c63fb4ff8d366551c3af006c25ead12. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-216184.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-4247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-18T08:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in OWASP NodeGoat and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file app/routes/research.js of the component Query Parameter Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is 4a4d1db74c63fb4ff8d366551c3af006c25ead12. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-216184.",
  "id": "GHSA-45xc-w9gq-g735",
  "modified": "2022-12-22T21:30:31Z",
  "published": "2022-12-18T09:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/OWASP/NodeGoat/issues/225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/OWASP/NodeGoat/commit/4a4d1db74c63fb4ff8d366551c3af006c25ead12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.216184"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-46H3-43MP-654J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-26 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-31 00:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in IObit Malware Fighter 9.4.0.776. This affects the function 0x8001E04C in the library ImfRegistryFilter.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-224019.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-1639"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-26T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in IObit Malware Fighter 9.4.0.776. This affects the function 0x8001E04C in the library ImfRegistryFilter.sys of the component IOCTL Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-224019.",
  "id": "GHSA-46h3-43mp-654j",
  "modified": "2023-03-31T00:30:17Z",
  "published": "2023-03-26T21:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1639"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hWgHhboaekq4hGIj2kNgEI54rM-u_rvV/view"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zeze-zeze/WindowsKernelVuln/tree/master/CVE-2023-1639"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/zeze-zeze/WindowsKernelVuln/tree/master/unassigned33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.224019"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.224019"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-46W5-56FC-WCPJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-15 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-15 00:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Tuya Camera 3.2.9. Affected is an unknown function of the component MQTT Packet Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-260604. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3764"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-14T23:15:46Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Tuya Camera 3.2.9. Affected is an unknown function of the component MQTT Packet Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-260604. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-46w5-56fc-wcpj",
  "modified": "2024-04-15T00:30:40Z",
  "published": "2024-04-15T00:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3764"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/kzLiu2017/Tuya_Cam_CVE_Doc/blob/main/CVE%20Doc.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.260604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.260604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.311860"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-472H-JRMM-7FJG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-19 06:31 – Updated: 2023-07-19 06:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in Intergard SGS 8.7.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Change Password Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-234445 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3760"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-19T06:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in Intergard SGS 8.7.0 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Change Password Handler. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-234445 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-472h-jrmm-7fjg",
  "modified": "2023-07-19T06:31:01Z",
  "published": "2023-07-19T06:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3760"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.234445"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.234445"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://youtu.be/CtOFB-L1rOg"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-47VX-FQR5-J2GW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-16 21:30 – Updated: 2022-12-22 22:03
VLAI
Summary
HuTool vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Dromara HuTool up to 5.8.10. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file cn.hutool.core.util.ZipUtil.java. The manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 5.8.11 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "cn.hutool:hutool-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.8.11"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4565"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-404"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-16T21:56:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Dromara HuTool up to 5.8.10. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file cn.hutool.core.util.ZipUtil.java. The manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 5.8.11 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.",
  "id": "GHSA-47vx-fqr5-j2gw",
  "modified": "2022-12-22T22:03:02Z",
  "published": "2022-12-16T21:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4565"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dromara/hutool/issues/2797"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/dromara/hutool"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.215974"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "HuTool vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption"
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, languages such as Java, Ruby, and Lisp perform automatic garbage collection that releases memory for objects that have been deallocated.
Mitigation
Implementation

It is good practice to be responsible for freeing all resources you allocate and to be consistent with how and where you free memory in a function. If you allocate memory that you intend to free upon completion of the function, you must be sure to free the memory at all exit points for that function including error conditions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Memory should be allocated/freed using matching functions such as malloc/free, new/delete, and new[]/delete[].

Mitigation
Implementation

When releasing a complex object or structure, ensure that you properly dispose of all of its member components, not just the object itself.

CAPEC-125: Flooding

An adversary consumes the resources of a target by rapidly engaging in a large number of interactions with the target. This type of attack generally exposes a weakness in rate limiting or flow. When successful this attack prevents legitimate users from accessing the service and can cause the target to crash. This attack differs from resource depletion through leaks or allocations in that the latter attacks do not rely on the volume of requests made to the target but instead focus on manipulation of the target's operations. The key factor in a flooding attack is the number of requests the adversary can make in a given period of time. The greater this number, the more likely an attack is to succeed against a given target.

CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation

An adversary causes the target to allocate excessive resources to servicing the attackers' request, thereby reducing the resources available for legitimate services and degrading or denying services. Usually, this attack focuses on memory allocation, but any finite resource on the target could be the attacked, including bandwidth, processing cycles, or other resources. This attack does not attempt to force this allocation through a large number of requests (that would be Resource Depletion through Flooding) but instead uses one or a small number of requests that are carefully formatted to force the target to allocate excessive resources to service this request(s). Often this attack takes advantage of a bug in the target to cause the target to allocate resources vastly beyond what would be needed for a normal request.

CAPEC-131: Resource Leak Exposure

An adversary utilizes a resource leak on the target to deplete the quantity of the resource available to service legitimate requests.

CAPEC-494: TCP Fragmentation

An adversary may execute a TCP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of avoiding filtering rules of network controls, by attempting to fragment the TCP packet such that the headers flag field is pushed into the second fragment which typically is not filtered.

CAPEC-495: UDP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a UDP Fragmentation attack against a target server in an attempt to consume resources such as bandwidth and CPU. IP fragmentation occurs when an IP datagram is larger than the MTU of the route the datagram has to traverse. Typically the attacker will use large UDP packets over 1500 bytes of data which forces fragmentation as ethernet MTU is 1500 bytes. This attack is a variation on a typical UDP flood but it enables more network bandwidth to be consumed with fewer packets. Additionally it has the potential to consume server CPU resources and fill memory buffers associated with the processing and reassembling of fragmented packets.

CAPEC-496: ICMP Fragmentation

An attacker may execute a ICMP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of consuming resources or causing a crash. The attacker crafts a large number of identical fragmented IP packets containing a portion of a fragmented ICMP message. The attacker these sends these messages to a target host which causes the host to become non-responsive. Another vector may be sending a fragmented ICMP message to a target host with incorrect sizes in the header which causes the host to hang.

CAPEC-666: BlueSmacking

An adversary uses Bluetooth flooding to transfer large packets to Bluetooth enabled devices over the L2CAP protocol with the goal of creating a DoS. This attack must be carried out within close proximity to a Bluetooth enabled device.