Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-400

Discouraged

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.

5623 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-7QW8-847F-PGGM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-10 19:35 – Updated: 2023-02-14 17:41
VLAI
Summary
Improper Locking in github.com/containers/storage
Details

A deadlock vulnerability was found in github.com/containers/storage in versions before 1.28.1. When a container image is processed, each layer is unpacked using tar. If one of those layers is not a valid tar archive this causes an error leading to an unexpected situation where the code indefinitely waits for the tar unpacked stream, which never finishes. An attacker could use this vulnerability to craft a malicious image, which when downloaded and stored by an application using containers/storage, would then cause a deadlock leading to a Denial of Service (DoS).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/containers/storage"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.28.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-20291"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-667"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-04T19:15:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-01T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A deadlock vulnerability was found in `github.com/containers/storage` in versions before 1.28.1. When a container image is processed, each layer is unpacked using `tar`. If one of those layers is not a valid `tar` archive this causes an error leading to an unexpected situation where the code indefinitely waits for the tar unpacked stream, which never finishes. An attacker could use this vulnerability to craft a malicious image, which when downloaded and stored by an application using containers/storage, would then cause a deadlock leading to a Denial of Service (DoS).",
  "id": "GHSA-7qw8-847f-pggm",
  "modified": "2023-02-14T17:41:32Z",
  "published": "2021-05-10T19:35:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20291"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/storage/pull/860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/storage/commit/306fcabc964470e4b3b87a43a8f6b7d698209ee1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1939485"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/containers/storage"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/R5D7XL7FL24TWFMGQ3K2S72EOUSLZMKL"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SPYOHNG2Q7DCAQZMGYLMENLKALGDLG3X"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WX24EITRXVHDM5M223BVTJA2ODF2FSHI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZNMB7O2UIXE34PGSCSOULGHPX5LIJBMM"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2021-0100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/cve-2021-20291"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Locking in github.com/containers/storage"
}

GHSA-7R27-75HM-VVCH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:17 – Updated: 2023-08-16 18:30
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) inspection feature of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. The vulnerabilities are due to inefficient memory management. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted MGCP packets through an affected device. An exploit could allow the attacker to cause memory exhaustion resulting in a restart of an affected device, causing a DoS condition for traffic traversing the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-3254"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-05-06T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP) inspection feature of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. The vulnerabilities are due to inefficient memory management. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted MGCP packets through an affected device. An exploit could allow the attacker to cause memory exhaustion resulting in a restart of an affected device, causing a DoS condition for traffic traversing the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r27-75hm-vvch",
  "modified": "2023-08-16T18:30:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:17:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3254"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asaftd-mgcp-SUqB8VKH"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7R28-3M3F-R2PR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-19 21:25 – Updated: 2023-08-15 22:24
VLAI
Summary
Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)
Details

The is-svg package 2.1.0 through 4.2.1 for Node.js uses a regular expression that is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS). If an attacker provides a malicious string, is-svg will get stuck processing the input.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "is-svg"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28092"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-15T18:19:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-12T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The is-svg package 2.1.0 through 4.2.1 for Node.js uses a regular expression that is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS). If an attacker provides a malicious string, is-svg will get stuck processing the input.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r28-3m3f-r2pr",
  "modified": "2023-08-15T22:24:00Z",
  "published": "2021-03-19T21:25:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28092"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sindresorhus/is-svg/commit/01f8a087fab8a69c3ac9085fbb16035907ab6a5b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sindresorhus/is-svg/releases"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sindresorhus/is-svg/releases/tag/v4.2.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210513-0008"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/is-svg"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)"
}

GHSA-7R58-Q49C-FX4M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:20
VLAI
Details

In Parse_ptbl of eas_mdls.c, there is possible resource exhaustion due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-127313537

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0174"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-06-11T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Parse_ptbl of eas_mdls.c, there is possible resource exhaustion due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-127313537",
  "id": "GHSA-7r58-q49c-fx4m",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:20:14Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:20:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0174"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2020-06-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-7R5G-2R48-38JG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28
VLAI
Details

Resource management error vulnerability in TCP/IP function included in the firmware of GT14 Model of GOT 1000 series (GT1455-QTBDE CoreOS version ’05.65.00.BD’ and earlier, GT1450-QMBDE CoreOS version ’05.65.00.BD’ and earlier, GT1450-QLBDE CoreOS version ’05.65.00.BD’ and earlier, GT1455HS-QTBDE CoreOS version ’05.65.00.BD’ and earlier, and GT1450HS-QMBDE CoreOS version ’05.65.00.BD’ and earlier) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to stop the network functions of the products via a specially crafted packet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-5649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-11-06T03:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Resource management error vulnerability in TCP/IP function included in the firmware of GT14 Model of GOT 1000 series (GT1455-QTBDE CoreOS version \u201905.65.00.BD\u2019 and earlier, GT1450-QMBDE CoreOS version \u201905.65.00.BD\u2019 and earlier, GT1450-QLBDE CoreOS version \u201905.65.00.BD\u2019 and earlier, GT1455HS-QTBDE CoreOS version \u201905.65.00.BD\u2019 and earlier, and GT1450HS-QMBDE CoreOS version \u201905.65.00.BD\u2019 and earlier) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to stop the network functions of the products via a specially crafted packet.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r5g-2r48-38jg",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:28:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU99562395/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-310-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.co.jp/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2020-014.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/en/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2020-014_en.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-7R6V-76R3-FWJP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46
VLAI
Details

Dell System Update (DSU) 1.9 and earlier versions contain a denial of service vulnerability. A local authenticated malicious user with low privileges may potentially exploit this vulnerability to cause the system to run out of memory by running multiple instances of the vulnerable application.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21529"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Dell System Update (DSU) 1.9 and earlier versions contain a denial of service vulnerability. A local authenticated malicious user with low privileges may potentially exploit this vulnerability to cause the system to run out of memory by running multiple instances of the vulnerable application.",
  "id": "GHSA-7r6v-76r3-fwjp",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21529"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000184608/dsa-2021-059-dell-emc-system-update-dsu-security-update-for-denial-of-service-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-7R6X-P782-G6P6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-17 03:30 – Updated: 2026-02-02 18:31
VLAI
Details

CVE-2026-0517 is a denial-of-service vulnerability in versions of Secure Access Server prior to 14.20. An attacker can send a specially crafted packet to a server and cause the server to crash

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0517"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-17T01:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "CVE-2026-0517 is a denial-of-service vulnerability in versions of Secure\n Access Server prior to 14.20. An attacker can send a specially crafted packet \nto a server and cause the server to crash",
  "id": "GHSA-7r6x-p782-g6p6",
  "modified": "2026-02-02T18:31:30Z",
  "published": "2026-01-17T03:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0517"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.absolute.com/platform/security-information/vulnerability-archive/cve-2026-0517"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7RJM-VWJ9-9J7H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Coherence product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are 14.1.1.0.0, 14.1.2.0.0 and 15.1.1.0.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Coherence. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Coherence as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Coherence accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60213"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Coherence product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Core).  Supported versions that are affected are 14.1.1.0.0, 14.1.2.0.0 and  15.1.1.0.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Coherence.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Coherence as well as  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Coherence accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-7rjm-vwj9-9j7h",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:24Z",
  "published": "2026-07-22T00:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60213"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7RP8-R62P-Q6WC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-02 22:04 – Updated: 2026-07-07 13:10
VLAI
Summary
`melange update-cache` has unbounded HTTP download that can exhaust disk in CI
Details

melange update-cache downloads URIs from build configs via io.Copy without any size limit or HTTP client timeout (pkg/renovate/cache/cache.go). An attacker-controlled URI in a melange config can cause unbounded disk writes, exhausting disk on the build runner. Affected versions <= 0.40.5.

Fix: Merged Acknowledgements

Thank you to Oleh Konko from 1seal for discovering and reporting this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "chainguard.dev/melange"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.43.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-29049"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-02T22:04:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T07:16:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "`melange update-cache` downloads URIs from build configs via `io.Copy` without any size limit or HTTP client timeout (`pkg/renovate/cache/cache.go`). An attacker-controlled URI in a melange config can cause unbounded disk writes, exhausting disk on the build runner. Affected versions \u003c= 0.40.5.\n\n**Fix:** Merged\n**Acknowledgements**\n\nThank you to Oleh Konko from [1seal](https://1seal.org/) for discovering and reporting this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-7rp8-r62p-q6wc",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T13:10:50Z",
  "published": "2026-03-02T22:04:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/security/advisories/GHSA-7rp8-r62p-q6wc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-29049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/pull/2379"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/commit/652ca5af08588f78e2d405e64b058fac8398d23f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/releases/tag/v0.43.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "`melange update-cache` has unbounded HTTP download that can exhaust disk in CI"
}

GHSA-7RPF-CP7M-9Q4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-29 03:33 – Updated: 2024-02-29 03:33
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability in the External Border Gateway Protocol (eBGP) implementation of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device.

This vulnerability exists because eBGP traffic is mapped to a shared hardware rate-limiter queue. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending large amounts of network traffic with certain characteristics through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause eBGP neighbor sessions to be dropped, leading to a DoS condition in the network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20321"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-770"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-29T01:43:59Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability in the External Border Gateway Protocol (eBGP) implementation of Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device.\n\n This vulnerability exists because eBGP traffic is mapped to a shared hardware rate-limiter queue. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending large amounts of network traffic with certain characteristics through an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause eBGP neighbor sessions to be dropped, leading to a DoS condition in the network.",
  "id": "GHSA-7rpf-cp7m-9q4f",
  "modified": "2024-02-29T03:33:17Z",
  "published": "2024-02-29T03:33:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20321"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-nxos-ebgp-dos-L3QCwVJ"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
  • The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
  • The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
  • recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
  • uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.

Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.

CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death

An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.

CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement

An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.