Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-400
DiscouragedUncontrolled Resource Consumption
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
5448 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-3MXC-8P66-5XWJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:28
VLAI
Details
In libmkvextractor, there is a possible resource exhaustion due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-141860394
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-0287"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-17T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In libmkvextractor, there is a possible resource exhaustion due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-141860394",
"id": "GHSA-3mxc-8p66-5xwj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:28:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:28:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0287"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-11"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-3P35-64MH-V96V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:53 – Updated: 2025-01-14 21:31
VLAI
Details
Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to resource loops, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker creates multiple request streams and continually shuffles the priority of the streams in a way that causes substantial churn to the priority tree. This can consume excess CPU.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9513"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-13T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to resource loops, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker creates multiple request streams and continually shuffles the priority of the streams in a way that causes substantial churn to the priority tree. This can consume excess CPU.",
"id": "GHSA-3p35-64mh-v96v",
"modified": "2025-01-14T21:31:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:53:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TAZZEVTCN2B4WT6AIBJ7XGYJMBTORJU5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4ZQGHE3WTYLYAYJEIDJVF2FIGQTAYPMC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMNFX5MNYRWWIMO4BTKYQCGUDMHO3AXP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JUBYAF6ED3O4XCHQ5C2HYENJLXYXZC4M"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LZLUYPYY3RX4ZJDWZRJIKSULYRJ4PXW7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/POPAEC4FWL4UU4LDEGPY5NPALU24FFQD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TAZZEVTCN2B4WT6AIBJ7XGYJMBTORJU5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Sep/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190823-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190823-0005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp%3Butm_medium=RSS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K02591030?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp;utm_medium=RSS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4099-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4511"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_33"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2745"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2799"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2939"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2966"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3933"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Netflix/security-bulletins/blob/master/advisories/third-party/2019-002.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/605641"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4ZQGHE3WTYLYAYJEIDJVF2FIGQTAYPMC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CMNFX5MNYRWWIMO4BTKYQCGUDMHO3AXP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JUBYAF6ED3O4XCHQ5C2HYENJLXYXZC4M"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LZLUYPYY3RX4ZJDWZRJIKSULYRJ4PXW7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/POPAEC4FWL4UU4LDEGPY5NPALU24FFQD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00031.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00032.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-09/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00014.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3PCQ-34W5-P4G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-21 17:49 – Updated: 2022-08-15 20:14
VLAI
Summary
modern-async's `forEachSeries` and `forEachLimit` functions do not limit the number of requests
Details
Impact
This is a bug affecting two of the functions in this library: forEachSeries and forEachLimit. They should limit the concurrency of some actions but, in practice, they don't. Any code calling these functions will be written thinking they would limit the concurrency but they won't. This could lead to potential security issues in other projects.
Patches
The problem has been patched in 1.0.4.
Workarounds
There is no workaround aside from upgrading to 1.0.4.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "modern-async"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41167"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-20T17:39:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-20T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThis is a bug affecting two of the functions in this library: `forEachSeries` and `forEachLimit`. They should limit the concurrency of some actions but, in practice, they don\u0027t. Any code calling these functions will be written thinking they would limit the concurrency but they won\u0027t. This could lead to potential security issues in other projects.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe problem has been patched in 1.0.4.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no workaround aside from upgrading to 1.0.4.\n",
"id": "GHSA-3pcq-34w5-p4g2",
"modified": "2022-08-15T20:14:42Z",
"published": "2021-10-21T17:49:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nicolas-van/modern-async/security/advisories/GHSA-3pcq-34w5-p4g2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nicolas-van/modern-async/issues/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nicolas-van/modern-async/commit/0010d28de1b15d51db3976080e26357fa7144436"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nicolas-van/modern-async"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "modern-async\u0027s `forEachSeries` and `forEachLimit` functions do not limit the number of requests"
}
GHSA-3PJV-R7W4-2CF5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-20 21:12 – Updated: 2023-12-21 15:53
VLAI
Summary
Grails data binding causes JVM crash and/or other denial of service
Details
Impact
A specially crafted web request can lead to a JVM crash or denial of service. Any Grails framework application using Grails data binding is vulnerable.
Patches
Patches are available for Grails 3 and later.
Workarounds
No workaround is possible except to avoid data binding to request data.
References
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.grails:grails-databinding"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.grails:grails-databinding"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.grails:grails-databinding"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.grails:grails-databinding"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.3.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46131"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-20T21:12:09Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-21T00:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA specially crafted web request can lead to a JVM crash or denial of service. Any Grails framework application using Grails data binding is vulnerable.\n\n### Patches\nPatches are available for Grails 3 and later.\n\n### Workarounds\nNo workaround is possible except to avoid data binding to request data.\n\n### References\n\n- [Blog post](https://grails.org/blog/2023-12-20-cve-data-binding-dos.html)\n- [Discussion](https://github.com/grails/grails-core/issues/13302)\n- [Mitre CVD record](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2023-46131)\n",
"id": "GHSA-3pjv-r7w4-2cf5",
"modified": "2023-12-21T15:53:49Z",
"published": "2023-12-20T21:12:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grails/grails-core/security/advisories/GHSA-3pjv-r7w4-2cf5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46131"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grails/grails-core/issues/13302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grails/grails-core/commit/74326bdd2cf7dcb594092165e9464520f8366c60"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grails/grails-core/commit/c401faaa6c24c021c758b95f72304a0e855a8db3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/grails/grails-core"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://grails.org/blog/2023-12-20-cve-data-binding-dos.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Grails data binding causes JVM crash and/or other denial of service"
}
GHSA-3PRJ-6HQW-CM82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-18 21:09 – Updated: 2026-07-15 21:51
VLAI
Summary
PHP JWT Library: PBES2-HS*+A*KW unwrap accepts an unbounded p2c iteration count, enabling CPU-amplification denial of service
Details
Impact
When a JWE uses a password-based key-encryption algorithm (PBES2-HS256+A128KW, PBES2-HS384+A192KW, PBES2-HS512+A256KW), PBES2AESKW::unwrapKey() reads the p2c (PBKDF2 iteration count) parameter directly from the attacker-controlled JOSE header and passes it to hash_pbkdf2() with no upper bound. The only validation performed (checkHeaderAdditionalParameters()) was is_int($p2c) && $p2c > 0.
An unauthenticated attacker can craft a single JWE whose protected header sets a very large p2c (e.g. 100_000_000 ≈ 87 s of CPU, or PHP_INT_MAX), forcing a worker to spend an arbitrary amount of CPU inside PBKDF2 before the key unwrap can even fail. The decrypter swallows the eventual exception, so the attacker pays almost nothing while the server burns CPU. JSON General serialization (multiple recipients) and multi-key JWKSets multiply the cost. This is a classic uncontrolled-resource-consumption (CWE-400) denial of service.
Affected configurations
Applications that register any PBES2-HS*+A*KW algorithm in their decryption AlgorithmManager.
Patches
PBES2AESKW now enforces a configurable maximum iteration count (DEFAULT_MAX_COUNT = 1_000_000, well above realistic legitimate values which are a few thousand) in checkHeaderAdditionalParameters(), before any PBKDF2 computation. The bound is exposed as a constructor argument so operators can tune it.
Workarounds
Before upgrading: validate/limit the p2c header with a custom header checker, or do not enable PBES2 algorithms for untrusted tokens.
References
- RFC 7518 §4.8 (PBES2)
- CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Résolution
Un correctif a été préparé sur une branche dédiée basée sur 3.4.x, avec des tests anti-régression dédiés (fork privé temporaire de cette advisory, PR #1).
PBES2 — PBES2AESKW::unwrapKey() borne désormais le paramètre p2c (constante DEFAULT_MAX_COUNT = 1_000_000, configurable via le constructeur) avant tout appel à hash_pbkdf2(), empêchant l'amplification CPU (DoS).
Validation : php -l OK, PHPUnit vert, aucune nouvelle erreur PHPStan introduite (différentiel nul vs 3.4.x), aucun commentaire ajouté dans le code source. Après merge, cascade prévue 3.4.x → 4.0.x → 4.1.x.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-library"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-framework"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.4.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-library"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-library"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-framework"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "web-token/jwt-framework"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400",
"CWE-770"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-18T21:09:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nWhen a JWE uses a password-based key-encryption algorithm (`PBES2-HS256+A128KW`, `PBES2-HS384+A192KW`, `PBES2-HS512+A256KW`), `PBES2AESKW::unwrapKey()` reads the `p2c` (PBKDF2 iteration count) parameter directly from the attacker-controlled JOSE header and passes it to `hash_pbkdf2()` with **no upper bound**. The only validation performed (`checkHeaderAdditionalParameters()`) was `is_int($p2c) \u0026\u0026 $p2c \u003e 0`.\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker can craft a single JWE whose protected header sets a very large `p2c` (e.g. `100_000_000` \u2248 87 s of CPU, or `PHP_INT_MAX`), forcing a worker to spend an arbitrary amount of CPU inside PBKDF2 **before** the key unwrap can even fail. The decrypter swallows the eventual exception, so the attacker pays almost nothing while the server burns CPU. JSON General serialization (multiple recipients) and multi-key JWKSets multiply the cost. This is a classic uncontrolled-resource-consumption (CWE-400) denial of service.\n\n### Affected configurations\n\nApplications that register any `PBES2-HS*+A*KW` algorithm in their decryption `AlgorithmManager`.\n\n### Patches\n\n`PBES2AESKW` now enforces a configurable maximum iteration count (`DEFAULT_MAX_COUNT = 1_000_000`, well above realistic legitimate values which are a few thousand) in `checkHeaderAdditionalParameters()`, before any PBKDF2 computation. The bound is exposed as a constructor argument so operators can tune it.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nBefore upgrading: validate/limit the `p2c` header with a custom header checker, or do not enable PBES2 algorithms for untrusted tokens.\n\n### References\n\n- RFC 7518 \u00a74.8 (PBES2)\n- CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption\n\n## R\u00e9solution\n\nUn correctif a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9 sur une branche d\u00e9di\u00e9e bas\u00e9e sur `3.4.x`, avec des tests anti-r\u00e9gression d\u00e9di\u00e9s (fork priv\u00e9 temporaire de cette advisory, PR #1).\n\n**PBES2** \u2014 `PBES2AESKW::unwrapKey()` borne d\u00e9sormais le param\u00e8tre `p2c` (constante `DEFAULT_MAX_COUNT = 1_000_000`, configurable via le constructeur) avant tout appel \u00e0 `hash_pbkdf2()`, emp\u00eachant l\u0027amplification CPU (DoS).\n\n**Validation :** `php -l` OK, PHPUnit vert, aucune nouvelle erreur PHPStan introduite (diff\u00e9rentiel nul vs `3.4.x`), aucun commentaire ajout\u00e9 dans le code source. Apr\u00e8s merge, cascade pr\u00e9vue `3.4.x \u2192 4.0.x \u2192 4.1.x`.",
"id": "GHSA-3prj-6hqw-cm82",
"modified": "2026-07-15T21:51:04Z",
"published": "2026-06-18T21:09:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web-token/jwt-framework/security/advisories/GHSA-3prj-6hqw-cm82"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/web-token/jwt-library/GHSA-3prj-6hqw-cm82.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/web-token/jwt-framework"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web-token/jwt-framework/releases/tag/3.4.10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web-token/jwt-framework/releases/tag/4.0.7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web-token/jwt-framework/releases/tag/4.1.7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "PHP JWT Library: PBES2-HS*+A*KW unwrap accepts an unbounded p2c iteration count, enabling CPU-amplification denial of service"
}
GHSA-3PWH-5MMC-MWRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-07-24 20:06 – Updated: 2020-08-31 18:19
VLAI
Summary
Denial of Service in nes
Details
Affected versions of nes are vulnerable to denial of service when given an invalid cookie header, and websocket authentication is set to cookie. Submitting an invalid cookie on the websocket upgrade request will cause the node process to throw and exit.
Recommendation
Update to version 6.4.1 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.4.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "nes"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.4.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:55:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Affected versions of `nes` are vulnerable to denial of service when given an invalid `cookie` header, and websocket authentication is set to `cookie`. Submitting an invalid cookie on the websocket upgrade request will cause the node process to throw and exit.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 6.4.1 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-3pwh-5mmc-mwrx",
"modified": "2020-08-31T18:19:35Z",
"published": "2018-07-24T20:06:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hapijs/nes/issues/171"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hapijs/nes/commit/249ba1755ed6977fbc208463c87364bf884ad655"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3pwh-5mmc-mwrx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/331"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Denial of Service in nes"
}
GHSA-3PX7-JM2P-6H2C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-24 02:00 – Updated: 2025-11-19 14:25
VLAI
Summary
encoded_id-rails potential DOS vulnerability due to URIs with extremely long encoded IDs
Details
Impact
The length of URIs and the various parts (eg path segments, query parameters) is usually limited by the webserver processing the incoming request. In the case of Puma the defaults are :
- path segment length: 8192
- Max URI length: 1024 * 12
- Max query length: 1024 * 10
See https://github.com/puma/puma/blob/master/docs/compile_options.md
If too long Puma raises:
Puma caught this error: HTTP element REQUEST_PATH is longer than the (8192) allowed length (was 12503) (Puma::HttpParserError)
However due to the performance of hashids extremely long encoded IDs will consume a large amount of CPU and allocate a huge number of intermediate objects.
For example:
curl -vvv https://localhost.ssl:3000//dos?id=abcd-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
This causes the application to spend a huge amount of time decoding the ID and the allocation of > 200MB of objects.
Patches
Upgrade to 1.0.0.beta2
This introduces a new option to limit the length of IDs that can be decoded. A future release will also improve the performance and hugely reduce allocations in the underlying hashids implementation.
References
Are there any links users can visit to find out more?
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "encoded_id-rails"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.0.beta2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0241"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-24T02:00:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThe length of URIs and the various parts (eg path segments, query parameters) is usually limited by the webserver processing the incoming request. In the case of Puma the defaults are :\n\n- path segment length: 8192\n- Max URI length: 1024 * 12\n- Max query length: 1024 * 10\n\nSee https://github.com/puma/puma/blob/master/docs/compile_options.md\n\nIf too long Puma raises:\n\u003e Puma caught this error: HTTP element REQUEST_PATH is longer than the (8192) allowed length (was 12503) (Puma::HttpParserError)\n\nHowever due to the performance of `hashids` extremely long encoded IDs will consume a large amount of CPU and allocate a huge number of intermediate objects.\n\nFor example:\n\n```\ncurl -vvv https://localhost.ssl:3000//dos?id=abcd-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa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aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa\n```\n\nThis causes the application to spend a huge amount of time decoding the ID and the allocation of \u003e 200MB of objects.\n\n### Patches\n\nUpgrade to `1.0.0.beta2`\n\nThis introduces a new option to limit the length of IDs that can be decoded. A future release will also improve the performance and hugely reduce allocations in the underlying hashids implementation.\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_",
"id": "GHSA-3px7-jm2p-6h2c",
"modified": "2025-11-19T14:25:55Z",
"published": "2023-10-24T02:00:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stevegeek/encoded_id-rails/security/advisories/GHSA-3px7-jm2p-6h2c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0241"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stevegeek/encoded_id-rails/commit/afa495a77b8a21ad582611f9cdc2081dc4018b91"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/encoded_id-rails/CVE-2024-0241.yml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/stevegeek/encoded_id-rails"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "encoded_id-rails potential DOS vulnerability due to URIs with extremely long encoded IDs"
}
GHSA-3PXH-H8HW-MJ8W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2017-10-24 18:33 – Updated: 2023-08-28 12:50
VLAI
Summary
Rack rubygems receiving excessively long lines triggers out-of-memory error
Details
multipart/parser.rb in Rack 1.3.x before 1.3.8 and 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and out-of-memory error) via a long string in a Multipart HTTP packet.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "rack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "rack"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-0183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:55:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2013-03-01T05:40:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "multipart/parser.rb in Rack 1.3.x before 1.3.8 and 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory consumption and out-of-memory error) via a long string in a Multipart HTTP packet.",
"id": "GHSA-3pxh-h8hw-mj8w",
"modified": "2023-08-28T12:50:30Z",
"published": "2017-10-24T18:33:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/548b9af2dc0059f4c0c19728624448d84de450ff"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/f95113402b7239f225282806673e1b6424522b18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013:0544"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2013-0183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=895282"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2013-0183.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rack-devel/-MWPHDeGWtI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rack-devel/7ZKPNAjgRSs"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21topic/rack-devel/-MWPHDeGWtI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21topic/rack-devel/7ZKPNAjgRSs"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2013-03/msg00048.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rack.github.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0544.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0548.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2013/dsa-2783"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Rack rubygems receiving excessively long lines triggers out-of-memory error"
}
GHSA-3Q32-6VJH-9HFQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-07 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-13 00:00
VLAI
Details
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23687"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the processing of packet data by the LLDP service of AOS-CX. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an attacker to impact the availability of the AOS-CX LLDP service and/or the management plane of the switch in ArubaOS-CX Switches version(s): AOS-CX 10.09.xxxx: 10.09.1010 and below, AOS-CX 10.08.xxxx: 10.08.1050 and below, AOS-CX 10.06.xxxx: 10.06.0190 and below. Aruba has released upgrades for ArubaOS-CX Switch Devices that address these security vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-3q32-6vjh-9hfq",
"modified": "2022-09-13T00:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-09-07T00:01:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-012.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3Q6G-VF58-7M4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-09-08 15:41 – Updated: 2024-09-20 17:57
VLAI
Summary
Regular Expression Denial of Service in flask-restx
Details
Flask RESTX contains a regular expression that is vulnerable to ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in email_regex.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "flask-restx"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32838"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1333",
"CWE-400"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-09-07T14:24:52Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-20T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Flask RESTX contains a regular expression that is vulnerable to [ReDoS](https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Regular_expression_Denial_of_Service_-_ReDoS) (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in `email_regex`.\n",
"id": "GHSA-3q6g-vf58-7m4g",
"modified": "2024-09-20T17:57:56Z",
"published": "2021-09-08T15:41:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-restx/flask-restx/security/advisories/GHSA-3q6g-vf58-7m4g"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-restx/flask-restx/issues/372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-restx/flask-restx/commit/bab31e085f355dd73858fd3715f7ed71849656da"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3q6g-vf58-7m4g"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/flask-restx/PYSEC-2021-325.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/python-restx/flask-restx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-restx/flask-restx/blob/fd99fe11a88531f5f3441a278f7020589f9d2cc0/flask_restx/inputs.py#L51"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5UCTFVDU3677B5OBGK4EF5NMUPJLL6SQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QUD6SWZLX52AAZUHDETJ2CDMQGEPGFL3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pypi.org/project/flask-restx"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Regular Expression Denial of Service in flask-restx"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation
Implementation
Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-227: Sustained Client Engagement
An adversary attempts to deny legitimate users access to a resource by continually engaging a specific resource in an attempt to keep the resource tied up as long as possible. The adversary's primary goal is not to crash or flood the target, which would alert defenders; rather it is to repeatedly perform actions or abuse algorithmic flaws such that a given resource is tied up and not available to a legitimate user. By carefully crafting a requests that keep the resource engaged through what is seemingly benign requests, legitimate users are limited or completely denied access to the resource.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.