Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-352

Allowed

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)

Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.

14179 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-5888 (GCVE-0-2025-5888)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-09 17:31 – Updated: 2025-06-09 18:34
VLAI
Title
jsnjfz WebStack-Guns cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in jsnjfz WebStack-Guns 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
aiyakami (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5885 (GCVE-0-2025-5885)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-09 15:00 – Updated: 2025-06-09 15:13
VLAI
Title
Konica Minolta bizhub cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Konica Minolta bizhub up to 20250202 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Konica Minolta bizhub Affected: 20250202
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Upasana (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5766 (GCVE-0-2025-5766)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-06 13:00 – Updated: 2025-06-06 13:36
VLAI
Title
code-projects Laundry System cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Laundry System 1.0. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.311308 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.311308 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.590851 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/tuooo/CVE/issues/7 exploitissue-tracking
https://code-projects.org/ product
Impacted products
Credits
DS_Leo (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5732 (GCVE-0-2025-5732)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-06 07:31 – Updated: 2025-06-09 13:12
VLAI
Title
code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in code-projects Traffic Offense Reporting System 1.0. This affects an unknown part. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.311259 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.311259 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.590598 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/tuooo/CVE/issues/3 exploitissue-tracking
https://code-projects.org/ product
Impacted products
Credits
DS_Leo (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5521 (GCVE-0-2025-5521)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-03 18:31 – Updated: 2025-06-03 20:10
VLAI
Title
WuKongOpenSource WukongCRM updataPassword cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in WuKongOpenSource WukongCRM 9.0. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /system/user/updataPassword. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.310957 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310957 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.584636 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/Aiyakami/CVE-1/issues/6 exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Credits
aiyakami (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5410 (GCVE-0-2025-5410)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-01 22:31 – Updated: 2025-06-02 03:36
VLAI
Title
Mist Community Edition middleware.py session_start_response cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Mist Community Edition up to 4.7.1. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function session_start_response of the file src/mist/api/auth/middleware.py. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 4.7.2 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as db10ecb62ac832c1ed4924556d167efb9bc07fad. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Mist Community Edition Affected: 4.7.0
Affected: 4.7.1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Alex Perrakis Efstratios Chatzoglou Georgios Kambourakis alexperrakis (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5185 (GCVE-0-2025-5185)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-26 12:31 – Updated: 2025-05-27 13:26
VLAI
Title
Summer Pearl Group Vacation Rental Management Platform cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Summer Pearl Group Vacation Rental Management Platform up to 1.0.1. It has been declared as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.2 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5142 (GCVE-0-2025-5142)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-30 09:22 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:57
VLAI
Title
Simple Page Access Restriction <= 1.0.31 - Cross-Site Request Forgery via Multiple Parameters
Summary
The Simple Page Access Restriction plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.31. This is due to missing nonce validation and capability checks in the settings save handler in the settings.php script. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to (1) enable or disable access protection on all post types or taxonomies, (2) force every new page/post to be public or private, regardless of meta-box settings, (3) cause a silent wipe of all plugin data when it’s later removed, or (4) to conduct URL redirection attacks via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Jonas Benjamin Friedli
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5132 (GCVE-0-2025-5132)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-24 21:00 – Updated: 2025-05-28 17:39
VLAI
Title
Tmall Demo logout cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Tmall Demo up to 20250505. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file tmall/admin/account/logout. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.310211 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310211 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.571924 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/bdkuzma/vuln/issues/11 exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tmall Demo Affected: 20250505
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
baihekuz (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-5033 (GCVE-0-2025-5033)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-21 17:31 – Updated: 2025-05-21 19:03
VLAI
Title
XiaoBingby TeaCMS addUser cross-site request forgery
Summary
A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in XiaoBingby TeaCMS 2.0.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file src/main/java/me/teacms/controller/admin/UserManageController/addUser. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.309853 vdb-entry
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309853 signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.580729 third-party-advisory
https://gitee.com/xiaobingby/TeaCMS/issues/IBYRPK exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
XiaoBingby TeaCMS Affected: 2.0.2
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
electroN1c (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-05-21T19:03:12.991486Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-05-21T19:03:16.523Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaobingby/TeaCMS/issues/IBYRPK"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "TeaCMS",
          "vendor": "XiaoBingby",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2.0.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "electroN1c (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in XiaoBingby TeaCMS 2.0.2. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file src/main/java/me/teacms/controller/admin/UserManageController/addUser. The manipulation leads to cross-site request forgery. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used."
        },
        {
          "lang": "de",
          "value": "In XiaoBingby TeaCMS 2.0.2 wurde eine problematische Schwachstelle entdeckt. Dabei geht es um eine nicht genauer bekannte Funktion der Datei src/main/java/me/teacms/controller/admin/UserManageController/addUser. Mittels dem Manipulieren mit unbekannten Daten kann eine cross-site request forgery-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Die Umsetzung des Angriffs kann dabei \u00fcber das Netzwerk erfolgen. Der Exploit steht zur \u00f6ffentlichen Verf\u00fcgung."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-352",
              "description": "Cross-Site Request Forgery",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-862",
              "description": "Missing Authorization",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-05-21T17:31:08.169Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-309853 | XiaoBingby TeaCMS addUser cross-site request forgery",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.309853"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-309853 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309853"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #580729 | XiaoBingby TeaCMS 2.0.2 CSRF",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.580729"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit",
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://gitee.com/xiaobingby/TeaCMS/issues/IBYRPK"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-21T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-21T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-05-21T13:07:10.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "XiaoBingby TeaCMS addUser cross-site request forgery"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-5033",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-21T17:31:08.169Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-21T11:02:07.195Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-05-21T19:03:16.523Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
  • Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
  • When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
  • Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
  • This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing

An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.

CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification

An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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