CWE-346
Allowed-with-ReviewOrigin Validation Error
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid.
789 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PMQ5-34W8-5C92
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:58Improper access control vulnerability in SkyBridge MB-A200 firmware Ver. 01.00.05 and earlier allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to connect to the product's ADB port.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23578"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T06:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper access control vulnerability in SkyBridge MB-A200 firmware Ver. 01.00.05 and earlier allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to connect to the product\u0027s ADB port.",
"id": "GHSA-pmq5-34w8-5c92",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:58:25Z",
"published": "2023-05-10T06:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN40604023"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/archives/73969"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/products/skybridge/skybridge_download/mb-a100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/products/skybridge/skybridge_download/mb-a130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/products/skybridge/skybridge_download/mb-a200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.seiko-sol.co.jp/products/skyspider/skyspider_download/mb-r210"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PP59-H84V-CQMH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-02 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:46Improper access control in Subscriptions Folder path filter in Devolutions Server 2023.1.1 and earlier allows attackers with administrator privileges to retrieve usage information on folders in user vaults via a specific folder name.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2445"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-02T14:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control in Subscriptions Folder path filter in Devolutions Server 2023.1.1 and earlier allows attackers with administrator privileges to retrieve usage information on folders in user vaults via a specific folder name.",
"id": "GHSA-pp59-h84v-cqmh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:46:31Z",
"published": "2023-05-02T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2023-0013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQ76-9M6X-M6MX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-10 15:31Same-origin policy bypass in the Request Handling component. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 146, Firefox ESR < 115.31, and Firefox ESR < 140.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:17:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Same-origin policy bypass in the Request Handling component. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 146, Firefox ESR \u003c 115.31, and Firefox ESR \u003c 140.6.",
"id": "GHSA-pq76-9m6x-m6mx",
"modified": "2025-12-10T15:31:23Z",
"published": "2025-12-09T18:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2000218"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-92"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-94"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-95"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-96"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PQ9V-7WPP-6H45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11In Ping Identity RSA SecurID Integration Kit before 3.2, user impersonation can occur.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39270"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-18T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Ping Identity RSA SecurID Integration Kit before 3.2, user impersonation can occur.",
"id": "GHSA-pq9v-7wpp-6h45",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.pingidentity.com/bundle/integrations/page/yqq1563995045546.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.pingidentity.com/en/resources/downloads/pingfederate.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PQG8-CRX9-G8M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-05-13 23:40 – Updated: 2024-02-05 11:13Meta
- CVSS v3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C
- CWE-352
- CWE-346
Problem
It has been discovered that backend user interface and install tool are vulnerable to same-origin request forgery. A backend user can be tricked into interacting with a malicious resource an attacker previously managed to upload to the web server - scripts are then executed with the privileges of the victims' user session.
In a worst case scenario new admin users can be created which can directly be used by an attacker. The vulnerability is basically a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) triggered by a cross-site scripting vulnerability (XSS) - but happens on the same target host - thus, it’s actually a same-origin request forgery.
Malicious payload such as HTML containing JavaScript might be provided by either an authenticated backend user or by a non-authenticated user using a 3rd party extension - e.g. file upload in a contact form with knowing the target location.
The attacked victim requires an active and valid backend or install tool user sessions at the time of the attack to be successful.
Solution
Update to TYPO3 versions 9.5.17 or 10.4.2 that mitigates the problem described.
Additional Considerations
The deployment of additional mitigation techniques is suggested as described below.
Sudo Mode Extension
This TYPO3 extension intercepts modifications to security relevant database tables, e.g. those storing user accounts or storages of the file abstraction layer. Modifications need to confirmed by again by the acting user with providing their password again - this technique is known as "sudo mode". This way unintended actions happening in the background can be mitigated.
- https://github.com/FriendsOfTYPO3/sudo-mode
- https://extensions.typo3.org/extension/sudo_mode
Content Security Policy
Content Security Policies tell (modern) browsers how resources served a particular site are handled - it also it possible to disallow script executions for specific locations. In a TYPO3 context it is suggested to disallow direct script execution at least for locations /fileadmin/ and /uploads/.
# in fileadmin/.htaccess
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header add Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'none';"
</IfModule>
Credits
Thanks to Matteo Bonaker who reported this issue and to TYPO3 security team member Oliver Hader who fixed the issue.
References
- https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa-2020-006
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "10.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.4.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "10.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.4.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "typo3/cms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-11069"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346",
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-05-13T23:38:41Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-14T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\u003e ### Meta\n\u003e * CVSS v3.1: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C\n\u003e * CWE-352\n\u003e * CWE-346\n\n### Problem\nIt has been discovered that backend user interface and install tool are vulnerable to same-origin request forgery. A backend user can be tricked into interacting with a malicious resource an attacker previously managed to upload to the web server - scripts are then executed with the privileges of the victims\u0027 user session.\n\nIn a worst case scenario new admin users can be created which can directly be used by an attacker. The vulnerability is basically a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) triggered by a cross-site scripting vulnerability (XSS) - but happens on the same target host - thus, it\u2019s actually a same-origin request forgery.\n\nMalicious payload such as HTML containing JavaScript might be provided by either an authenticated backend user or by a non-authenticated user using a 3rd party extension - e.g. file upload in a contact form with knowing the target location.\n\nThe attacked victim requires an active and valid backend or install tool user sessions at the time of the attack to be successful.\n\n### Solution\nUpdate to TYPO3 versions 9.5.17 or 10.4.2 that mitigates the problem described.\n\n### Additional Considerations\n\nThe deployment of additional mitigation techniques is suggested as described below.\n\n#### Sudo Mode Extension\n\nThis TYPO3 extension intercepts modifications to security relevant database tables, e.g. those storing user accounts or storages of the file abstraction layer. Modifications need to confirmed by again by the acting user with providing their password again - this technique is known as \"sudo mode\". This way unintended actions happening in the background can be mitigated.\n\n* https://github.com/FriendsOfTYPO3/sudo-mode\n* https://extensions.typo3.org/extension/sudo_mode\n\n#### Content Security Policy\n\n[Content Security Policies](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Security-Policy) tell (modern) browsers how resources served a particular site are handled - it also it possible to disallow script executions for specific locations. In a TYPO3 context it is suggested to disallow direct script execution at least for locations `/fileadmin/` and `/uploads/`.\n\n```\n# in fileadmin/.htaccess\n\u003cIfModule mod_headers.c\u003e\n\tHeader add Content-Security-Policy \"default-src \u0027self\u0027; script-src \u0027none\u0027;\"\n\u003c/IfModule\u003e\n```\n\n### Credits\nThanks to Matteo Bonaker who reported this issue and to TYPO3 security team member Oliver Hader who fixed the issue.\n\n### References\n* https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa-2020-006",
"id": "GHSA-pqg8-crx9-g8m4",
"modified": "2024-02-05T11:13:08Z",
"published": "2020-05-13T23:40:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TYPO3/TYPO3.CMS/security/advisories/GHSA-pqg8-crx9-g8m4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/typo3/cms-core/CVE-2020-11069.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/typo3/cms/CVE-2020-11069.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa-2020-006"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Backend Same-Site Request Forgery in TYPO3 CMS"
}
GHSA-PVFP-MM8F-F953
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-30 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:23Prestashop salesbooster <= 1.10.4 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control via modules/salesbooster/downloads/download.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30196"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T12:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Prestashop salesbooster \u003c= 1.10.4 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control via modules/salesbooster/downloads/download.php.",
"id": "GHSA-pvfp-mm8f-f953",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:23:22Z",
"published": "2023-05-30T12:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://friends-of-presta.github.io/security-advisories/modules/2023/05/22/salesbooster.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PrestaShop/PrestaShop/blob/6c05518b807d014ee8edb811041e3de232520c28/classes/Tools.php#L1247"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PVXX-XVVP-HC24
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:51 – Updated: 2026-04-29 00:30Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Spacewalk Java site packages (aka spacewalk-java) 1.2.39 in Spacewalk, as used in the server in Red Hat Network Satellite 5.3.0 through 5.4.1 and other products, allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that (1) disable the current user account, (2) add user accounts, or (3) modify user accounts to have administrator privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-4139"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346",
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2011-07-27T02:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the Spacewalk Java site packages (aka spacewalk-java) 1.2.39 in Spacewalk, as used in the server in Red Hat Network Satellite 5.3.0 through 5.4.1 and other products, allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of arbitrary users for requests that (1) disable the current user account, (2) add user accounts, or (3) modify user accounts to have administrator privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-pvxx-xvvp-hc24",
"modified": "2026-04-29T00:30:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:51:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-4139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2009-4139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=529483"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/68074"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1025674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0879.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PW2P-Q8X2-5578
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:17 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:17Inappropriate implementation in Compositing in Google Chrome on Android prior to 94.0.4606.54 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-37966"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Compositing in Google Chrome on Android prior to 94.0.4606.54 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-pw2p-q8x2-5578",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:17:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:17:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37966"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1238944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4DDW7HAHTS3SDVXBQUY4SURELO5D4X7R"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PM7MOYYHJSWLIFZ4TPJTD7MSA3HSSLV2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5046"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-PX2J-FC7Q-85FX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-07 01:05Insufficient policy enforcement in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7986"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T19:16:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-px2j-fc7q-85fx",
"modified": "2026-05-07T01:05:53Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T21:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/498396238"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PX6H-FFRR-9W49
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Insufficient policy enforcement in Speech in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14105"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in Speech in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-px6h-ffrr-9w49",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513528117"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-160: Exploit Script-Based APIs
Some APIs support scripting instructions as arguments. Methods that take scripted instructions (or references to scripted instructions) can be very flexible and powerful. However, if an attacker can specify the script that serves as input to these methods they can gain access to a great deal of functionality. For example, HTML pages support <script> tags that allow scripting languages to be embedded in the page and then interpreted by the receiving web browser. If the content provider is malicious, these scripts can compromise the client application. Some applications may even execute the scripts under their own identity (rather than the identity of the user providing the script) which can allow attackers to perform activities that would otherwise be denied to them.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-510: SaaS User Request Forgery
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, performs malicious actions against a third-party Software as a Service (SaaS) application (also known as a cloud based application) by leveraging the persistent and implicit trust placed on a trusted user's session. This attack is executed after a trusted user is authenticated into a cloud service, "piggy-backing" on the authenticated session, and exploiting the fact that the cloud service believes it is only interacting with the trusted user. If successful, the actions embedded in the malicious application will be processed and accepted by the targeted SaaS application and executed at the trusted user's privilege level.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-89: Pharming
A pharming attack occurs when the victim is fooled into entering sensitive data into supposedly trusted locations, such as an online bank site or a trading platform. An attacker can impersonate these supposedly trusted sites and have the victim be directed to their site rather than the originally intended one. Pharming does not require script injection or clicking on malicious links for the attack to succeed.