Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-319

Allowed

Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.

1147 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-87HC-PHMJ-RHGH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2024-04-25 21:29
VLAI
Summary
TYPO3 Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Details

TYPO3 7.6.15 sends an http request to an index.php?loginProvider URI in cases with an https Referer, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive cleartext information by sniffing the network and reading the userident and username fields.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "typo3/cms"
      },
      "versions": [
        "7.6.15"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6370"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-25T21:29:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-17T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "TYPO3 7.6.15 sends an http request to an index.php?loginProvider URI in cases with an https Referer, which allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive cleartext information by sniffing the network and reading the userident and username fields.",
  "id": "GHSA-87hc-phmj-rhgh",
  "modified": "2024-04-25T21:29:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:46:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6370"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/TYPO3/typo3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/faizzaidi/TYPO3-v7.6.15-Unencrypted-Login-Request"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97071"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "TYPO3 Information Disclosure Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-87WX-CPHX-3WGJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02
VLAI
Details

In KDE KMail 5.2.3, an attacker in possession of S/MIME or PGP encrypted emails can wrap them as sub-parts within a crafted multipart email. The encrypted part(s) can further be hidden using HTML/CSS or ASCII newline characters. This modified multipart email can be re-sent by the attacker to the intended receiver. If the receiver replies to this (benign looking) email, they unknowingly leak the plaintext of the encrypted message part(s) back to the attacker.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10732"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-07T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In KDE KMail 5.2.3, an attacker in possession of S/MIME or PGP encrypted emails can wrap them as sub-parts within a crafted multipart email. The encrypted part(s) can further be hidden using HTML/CSS or ASCII newline characters. This modified multipart email can be re-sent by the attacker to the intended receiver. If the receiver replies to this (benign looking) email, they unknowingly leak the plaintext of the encrypted message part(s) back to the attacker.",
  "id": "GHSA-87wx-cphx-3wgj",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10732"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=404698"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/06/msg00012.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-88GG-5JPF-JC8F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-15 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-15 12:30
VLAI
Details

The RF communication protocol in the Micca KE700 car alarm system does not encrypt its data frames. An attacker with a radio interception tool (e.g., SDR) can capture the random number and counters transmitted in cleartext, which is sensitive information required for authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2539"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-15T11:15:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The RF communication protocol in the Micca KE700 car alarm system does not encrypt its data frames. An attacker with a radio interception tool (e.g., SDR) can capture the random number and counters\u00a0transmitted in cleartext, which is sensitive information required for authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-88gg-5jpf-jc8f",
  "modified": "2026-02-15T12:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-02-15T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2539"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2026-2539-micca-ke700-cleartext-transmission-of-key-fob-id"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:X/V:D/RE:H/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8953-5927-FF93

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-22 12:30 – Updated: 2025-12-22 12:30
VLAI
Details

Under certain circumstances, attacker can capture the network key, read or write encrypted packets on the PowerG network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-61738"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-22T11:15:58Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Under certain circumstances, attacker can capture the network key, read or write encrypted packets on the PowerG network.",
  "id": "GHSA-8953-5927-ff93",
  "modified": "2025-12-22T12:30:21Z",
  "published": "2025-12-22T12:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61738"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-350-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.johnsoncontrols.com/trust-center/cybersecurity/security-advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-89HP-893V-JCMM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:03
VLAI
Details

Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability in the administrator interface of McAfee Database Security (DBSec) prior to 4.8.2 allows an administrator to view the unencrypted password of the McAfee Insights Server used to pass data to the Insights Server. This user is restricted to only have access to DBSec data in the Insights Server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-23896"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-02T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability in the administrator interface of McAfee Database Security (DBSec) prior to 4.8.2 allows an administrator to view the unencrypted password of the McAfee Insights Server used to pass data to the Insights Server. This user is restricted to only have access to DBSec data in the Insights Server.",
  "id": "GHSA-89hp-893v-jcmm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:03:53Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:03:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23896"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10359"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-89QM-WCMW-3MGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-09 19:45 – Updated: 2023-01-09 19:45
VLAI
Summary
Gitops Run insecure communication
Details

Impact

GitOps run has a local S3 bucket which it uses for synchronising files that are later applied against a Kubernetes cluster. The communication between GitOps Run and the local s3 bucket is not encrypted.

This allows privileged users or process to tap the local traffic to gain information permitting access to the s3 bucket. From that point, it would be possible to alter the bucket content, resulting in changes in the Kubernetes cluster's resources(e.g. CVE-2022-23508).

Patches

This vulnerability has been fixed by commits ce2bbff and babd915. Users should upgrade to Weave GitOps version >= v0.12.0 released on 08/12/2022.

Workarounds

There is no workaround for this vulnerability.

References

Disclosed by Paulo Gomes, Senior Software Engineer, Weaveworks.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: - Open an issue in Weave GitOps repository - Email us at support@weave.works

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.11.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.12.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23509"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-09T19:45:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-09T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nGitOps run has a local S3 bucket which it uses for synchronising files that are later applied against a Kubernetes cluster. The communication between GitOps Run and the local s3 bucket is not encrypted. \n\nThis allows privileged users or process to tap the local traffic to gain information permitting access to the s3 bucket. From that point, it would be possible to alter the bucket content, resulting in changes in the Kubernetes cluster\u0027s resources(e.g. CVE-2022-23508).\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been fixed by commits [ce2bbff](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3106/commits/ce2bbff0a3609c33396050ed544a5a21f8d0797f) and [babd915](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3098/commits/babd91574b99b310b84aeec9f8f895bd18acb967). Users should upgrade to Weave GitOps version \u003e= v0.12.0 released on 08/12/2022.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no workaround for this vulnerability.\n\n### References\nDisclosed by Paulo Gomes, Senior Software Engineer, Weaveworks.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n- Open an issue in [Weave GitOps repository](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops)\n- Email us at [support@weave.works](mailto:support@weave.works)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-89qm-wcmw-3mgg",
  "modified": "2023-01-09T19:45:35Z",
  "published": "2023-01-09T19:45:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/security/advisories/GHSA-89qm-wcmw-3mgg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3098/commits/babd91574b99b310b84aeec9f8f895bd18acb967"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3106/commits/ce2bbff0a3609c33396050ed544a5a21f8d0797f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Gitops Run insecure communication"
}

GHSA-89QW-6G6W-269Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:10 – Updated: 2024-03-27 15:30
VLAI
Details

When curl is instructed to get content using the metalink feature, and a user name and password are used to download the metalink XML file, those same credentials are then subsequently passed on to each of the servers from which curl will download or try to download the contents from. Often contrary to the user's expectations and intentions and without telling the user it happened.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22923"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-05T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "When curl is instructed to get content using the metalink feature, and a user name and password are used to download the metalink XML file, those same credentials are then subsequently passed on to each of the servers from which curl will download or try to download the contents from. Often contrary to the user\u0027s expectations and intentions and without telling the user it happened.",
  "id": "GHSA-89qw-6g6w-269q",
  "modified": "2024-03-27T15:30:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:10:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1213181"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FRUCW2UVNYUDZF72DQLFQR4PJEC6CF7V"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FRUCW2UVNYUDZF72DQLFQR4PJEC6CF7V"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202212-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210902-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-89R8-M4XJ-W97P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-07 18:30 – Updated: 2023-02-16 18:30
VLAI
Details

A cleartext transmission vulnerability exists in the web application functionality of Moxa SDS-3008 Series Industrial Ethernet Switch 2.1. A specially-crafted network sniffing can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An attacker can sniff network traffic to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-40693"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-07T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A cleartext transmission vulnerability exists in the web application functionality of Moxa SDS-3008 Series Industrial Ethernet Switch 2.1. A specially-crafted network sniffing can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An attacker can sniff network traffic to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-89r8-m4xj-w97p",
  "modified": "2023-02-16T18:30:28Z",
  "published": "2023-02-07T18:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1616"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/sds-3008-series-multiple-web-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-89RV-JWMP-24V3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-04 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-23 00:30
VLAI
Details

Solstice Pod API (version 5.5, 6.2) contains an unauthenticated API endpoint (/api/config) that exposes sensitive information such as the session key, server version, product details, and display name. Unauthorized users can extract live session information by accessing this endpoint without authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66573"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-04T21:16:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Solstice Pod API (version 5.5, 6.2) contains an unauthenticated API endpoint (`/api/config`) that exposes sensitive information such as the session key, server version, product details, and display name. Unauthorized users can extract live session information by accessing this endpoint without authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-89rv-jwmp-24v3",
  "modified": "2025-12-23T00:30:30Z",
  "published": "2025-12-04T21:31:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66573"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.mersive.com/en/solstice/about-solstice.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52104"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mersive.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/solstice-pod-api-session-key-extraction-via-api-endpoint"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8C7R-23X6-924Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details

IBM i2 Enterprise Insight Analysis 2.1.7 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by the failure to properly enable HTTP Strict Transport Security. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques. IBM X-Force ID: 142117.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1525"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-319"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-06T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM i2 Enterprise Insight Analysis 2.1.7 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by the failure to properly enable HTTP Strict Transport Security. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques. IBM X-Force ID: 142117.",
  "id": "GHSA-8c7r-23x6-924q",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:10Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:19:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/142117"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10738699"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Before transmitting, encrypt the data using reliable, confidentiality-protecting cryptographic protocols.

Mitigation
Implementation

When using web applications with SSL, use SSL for the entire session from login to logout, not just for the initial login page.

Mitigation
Implementation

When designing hardware platforms, ensure that approved encryption algorithms (such as those recommended by NIST) protect paths from security critical data to trusted user applications.

Mitigation
Testing

Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.

Mitigation
Operation

Configure servers to use encrypted channels for communication, which may include SSL or other secure protocols.

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-117: Interception

An adversary monitors data streams to or from the target for information gathering purposes. This attack may be undertaken to solely gather sensitive information or to support a further attack against the target. This attack pattern can involve sniffing network traffic as well as other types of data streams (e.g. radio). The adversary can attempt to initiate the establishment of a data stream or passively observe the communications as they unfold. In all variants of this attack, the adversary is not the intended recipient of the data stream. In contrast to other means of gathering information (e.g., targeting data leaks), the adversary must actively position themself so as to observe explicit data channels (e.g. network traffic) and read the content. However, this attack differs from a Adversary-In-the-Middle (CAPEC-94) attack, as the adversary does not alter the content of the communications nor forward data to the intended recipient.

CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring

An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.

CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content

An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.

CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code

An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.