CWE-319
AllowedCleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.
1147 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6R5F-5CGM-FF5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-06 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-07 18:31Forever KidsWatch Call Me KW-50 R36_YDR_A3PW_GM7S_V1.0_2019_07_15_16.19.24_cob_h suffers from Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information due to lack of encryption in device-server communication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T18:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Forever KidsWatch Call Me KW-50 R36_YDR_A3PW_GM7S_V1.0_2019_07_15_16.19.24_cob_h suffers from Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information due to lack of encryption in device-server communication.",
"id": "GHSA-6r5f-5cgm-ff5g",
"modified": "2025-02-07T18:31:19Z",
"published": "2025-02-06T18:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D\u0026c=1\u0026af=%5B%5D\u0026searchType=SIMPLE\u0026sortOrder2=title_sort_asc\u0026query=Exploiting+Vulnerabilities+to+Remotely+Hijack+Children%E2%80%99s+Smartwatches\u0026language=en\u0026pid=diva2%3A1933447\u0026aq=%5B%5B%5D%5D\u0026sf=undergraduate\u0026aqe=%5B%5D\u0026sortOrder=author_sort_asc\u0026onlyFullText=false\u0026noOfRows=50\u0026dswid=-8296"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6RP4-VQHC-69XF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-21 18:30 – Updated: 2023-03-24 21:30A cleartext transmission vulnerability exists in the Remote Management functionality of Netgear Orbi Router RBR750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38458"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-311",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A cleartext transmission vulnerability exists in the Remote Management functionality of Netgear Orbi Router RBR750 4.6.8.5. A specially-crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-6rp4-vqhc-69xf",
"modified": "2023-03-24T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2023-03-21T18:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38458"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065428/Security-Advisory-for-Cleartext-Transmission-on-Some-Orbi-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2022-0189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1598"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6VGF-XPR3-4724
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-21 00:01 – Updated: 2025-12-09 18:30A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions < V3.00). Affected devices do not encrypt web traffic with clients but communicate in cleartext via HTTP. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to capture the traffic and interfere with the functionality of the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29874"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-20T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P850 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00), SICAM P855 (All versions \u003c V3.00). Affected devices do not encrypt web traffic with clients but communicate in cleartext via HTTP. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to capture the traffic and interfere with the functionality of the device.",
"id": "GHSA-6vgf-xpr3-4724",
"modified": "2025-12-09T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-21T00:01:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-165073.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-471761.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-165073.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6VRM-P9H8-2V3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-23 12:30Dell ECS, versions 3.8.1.0 through 3.8.1.7, and Dell ObjectScale versions prior to 4.2.0.0, contains a Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability in the Fabric Syslog. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to intercept and modify information in transit.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-22274"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T10:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Dell ECS, versions 3.8.1.0 through 3.8.1.7, and Dell ObjectScale versions prior to 4.2.0.0, contains a Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability in the Fabric Syslog. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability to intercept and modify information in transit.",
"id": "GHSA-6vrm-p9h8-2v3j",
"modified": "2026-01-23T12:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000415880/dsa-2026-047-security-update-for-dell-ecs-and-objectscale-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6W6W-JX93-4CWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:32 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:32The Auto-Maskin DCU 210E, RP-210E, and Marine Pro Observer Android App transmit sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. The devices transmit process control information via unencrypted Modbus communications. Impact: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to observe information about configurations, settings, what sensors are present and in use, and other information to aid in crafting spoofed messages. Requires access to the network. Affected releases are Auto-Maskin DCU-210E, RP-210E, and Marine Pro Observer Android App. Versions prior to 3.7 on ARMv7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5401"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-08T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Auto-Maskin DCU 210E, RP-210E, and Marine Pro Observer Android App transmit sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. The devices transmit process control information via unencrypted Modbus communications. Impact: An attacker can exploit this vulnerability to observe information about configurations, settings, what sensors are present and in use, and other information to aid in crafting spoofed messages. Requires access to the network. Affected releases are Auto-Maskin DCU-210E, RP-210E, and Marine Pro Observer Android App. Versions prior to 3.7 on ARMv7.",
"id": "GHSA-6w6w-jx93-4cwq",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:32:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:32:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/176301"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-051-04"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6X3H-WVJG-VWC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30NCR SelfServ ATMs running APTRA XFS 05.01.00 do not encrypt, authenticate, or verify the integrity of messages between the BNA and the host computer, which could allow an attacker with physical access to the internal components of the ATM to execute arbitrary code, including code that enables the attacker to commit deposit forgery.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10124"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-306",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-21T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "NCR SelfServ ATMs running APTRA XFS 05.01.00 do not encrypt, authenticate, or verify the integrity of messages between the BNA and the host computer, which could allow an attacker with physical access to the internal components of the ATM to execute arbitrary code, including code that enables the attacker to commit deposit forgery.",
"id": "GHSA-6x3h-wvjg-vwc5",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:26:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/815655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/815655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ncr.com/content/dam/ncrcom/content-type/documents/NCR_Security_Alert-2018-13_APTRA_XFS_"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6XC4-7FMM-65Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-06 16:49Concrete CMS Versions 9.0.0 through 9.0.2 and 8.5.7 and below can download zip files over HTTP and execute code from those zip files which could lead to an RCE. Fixed by enforcing ‘concrete_secure’ instead of ‘concrete’. Concrete now only makes requests over https even a request comes in via http. Concrete CMS security team ranked this 8 with CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Credit goes to Anna for reporting HackerOne 1482520.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "concrete5/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "9.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "concrete5/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.5.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-21829"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319",
"CWE-74"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-29T22:07:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-24T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Concrete CMS Versions 9.0.0 through 9.0.2 and 8.5.7 and below can download zip files over HTTP and execute code from those zip files which could lead to an RCE. Fixed by enforcing \u2018concrete_secure\u2019 instead of \u2018concrete\u2019. Concrete now only makes requests over https even a request comes in via http. Concrete CMS security team ranked this 8 with CVSS v3.1 vector: AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Credit goes to Anna for reporting HackerOne 1482520.",
"id": "GHSA-6xc4-7fmm-65q2",
"modified": "2022-07-06T16:49:22Z",
"published": "2022-06-25T00:00:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21829"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1482520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/introduction/version-history/858-release-notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/introduction/version-history/910-release-notes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.concretecms.org/developers/introduction/version-history/910-release-notes,"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/concretecms/concretecms-core"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1482520,"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Code injection in concrete CMS"
}
GHSA-6XFJ-M9CP-QJ5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-08 00:31 – Updated: 2026-01-08 00:31FaceSentry Access Control System 6.4.8 contains a cleartext transmission vulnerability that allows remote attackers to intercept authentication credentials. Attackers can perform man-in-the-middle attacks to capture HTTP cookie authentication information during network communication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-08T00:15:57Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "FaceSentry Access Control System 6.4.8 contains a cleartext transmission vulnerability that allows remote attackers to intercept authentication credentials. Attackers can perform man-in-the-middle attacks to capture HTTP cookie authentication information during network communication.",
"id": "GHSA-6xfj-m9cp-qj5j",
"modified": "2026-01-08T00:31:14Z",
"published": "2026-01-08T00:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/163192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2019-5528.php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7298-W54J-Q7WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-01 00:01 – Updated: 2022-12-09 04:57Jenkins Build Notifications Plugin 1.5.0 and earlier transmits tokens in plain text as part of the global Jenkins configuration form, potentially resulting in their exposure.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "tools.devnull:build-notifications"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-34801"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-318",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-12T21:25:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-30T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Jenkins Build Notifications Plugin 1.5.0 and earlier transmits tokens in plain text as part of the global Jenkins configuration form, potentially resulting in their exposure.",
"id": "GHSA-7298-w54j-q7wm",
"modified": "2022-12-09T04:57:07Z",
"published": "2022-07-01T00:01:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34801"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/build-notifications-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-06-30/#SECURITY-2056"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information in Jenkins Build Notifications Plugin"
}
GHSA-72MF-GXHW-JP8R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-08 21:32 – Updated: 2025-05-08 21:32Issue in my product in blah version x on y allows bad person to break
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-4475"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-08T20:15:31Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Issue in my product in blah version x on y allows bad person to break",
"id": "GHSA-72mf-gxhw-jp8r",
"modified": "2025-05-08T21:32:57Z",
"published": "2025-05-08T21:32:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xxx"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Before transmitting, encrypt the data using reliable, confidentiality-protecting cryptographic protocols.
Mitigation
When using web applications with SSL, use SSL for the entire session from login to logout, not just for the initial login page.
Mitigation
When designing hardware platforms, ensure that approved encryption algorithms (such as those recommended by NIST) protect paths from security critical data to trusted user applications.
Mitigation
Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.
Mitigation
Configure servers to use encrypted channels for communication, which may include SSL or other secure protocols.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-117: Interception
An adversary monitors data streams to or from the target for information gathering purposes. This attack may be undertaken to solely gather sensitive information or to support a further attack against the target. This attack pattern can involve sniffing network traffic as well as other types of data streams (e.g. radio). The adversary can attempt to initiate the establishment of a data stream or passively observe the communications as they unfold. In all variants of this attack, the adversary is not the intended recipient of the data stream. In contrast to other means of gathering information (e.g., targeting data leaks), the adversary must actively position themself so as to observe explicit data channels (e.g. network traffic) and read the content. However, this attack differs from a Adversary-In-the-Middle (CAPEC-94) attack, as the adversary does not alter the content of the communications nor forward data to the intended recipient.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.