CWE-319
AllowedCleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.
1147 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-34XP-HG92-V4QH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-02 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-02 21:31The Flock Safety Pisco com.flocksafety.android.pisco application 6.21.11 for Android (installed on Falcon and Sparrow License Plate Readers and Bravo Edge AI Compute Devices) has a cleartext Auth0 client secret in its codebase. Because application binaries can be trivially decompiled or inspected, attackers can recover this OAuth secret without special privileges. This secret is intended to remain confidential and should never be embedded directly in client-side software.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-59406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-02T17:16:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Flock Safety Pisco com.flocksafety.android.pisco application 6.21.11 for Android (installed on Falcon and Sparrow License Plate Readers and Bravo Edge AI Compute Devices) has a cleartext Auth0 client secret in its codebase. Because application binaries can be trivially decompiled or inspected, attackers can recover this OAuth secret without special privileges. This secret is intended to remain confidential and should never be embedded directly in client-side software.",
"id": "GHSA-34xp-hg92-v4qh",
"modified": "2025-10-02T21:31:18Z",
"published": "2025-10-02T18:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/2025/09/27/fly-by-device-2-the-falcon-sparrow-gated-wireless-rce-camera-feed-dos-information-disclosure-and-more"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Root-from-the-Coop-Device-3_-Root-Shell-on-Flock-Safetys-Bravo-Compute-Box-GainSec.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.flocksafety.com/products"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.flocksafety.com/products/license-plate-readers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-35HJ-F3WV-8WGC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:09IBM i2 Analyst's Notebook Premium (IBM i2 Analyze 4.3.0, 4.3.1, and 4.3.2) does not set the secure attribute on authorization tokens or session cookies. Attackers may be able to get the cookie values by sending a http:// link to a user or by planting this link in a site the user goes to. The cookie will be sent to the insecure link and the attacker can then obtain the cookie value by snooping the traffic. IBM X-Force ID: 202769.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-29769"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-26T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM i2 Analyst\u0027s Notebook Premium (IBM i2 Analyze 4.3.0, 4.3.1, and 4.3.2) does not set the secure attribute on authorization tokens or session cookies. Attackers may be able to get the cookie values by sending a http:// link to a user or by planting this link in a site the user goes to. The cookie will be sent to the insecure link and the attacker can then obtain the cookie value by snooping the traffic. IBM X-Force ID: 202769.",
"id": "GHSA-35hj-f3wv-8wgc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:09:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:09:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/202769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6474883"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-37H9-9838-7J9C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-07-09 12:30Longse NVR (Network Video Recorder) model NVR3608PGE2W, as well as products based on this device, are transmitting user's login and password to a remote control service without using any encryption. This enables an on-path attacker to eavesdrop the credentials and subsequently obtain access to the video stream. The credentials are being sent when a user decides to change his password in router's portal.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5631"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T11:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Longse NVR (Network Video Recorder) model\u00a0NVR3608PGE2W, as well as products based on this device, are transmitting user\u0027s login and password to a remote control service without using any encryption. This enables an on-path attacker to eavesdrop the credentials and subsequently obtain access to the video stream.\u00a0\nThe credentials are being sent when a user decides to change his password in router\u0027s portal.",
"id": "GHSA-37h9-9838-7j9c",
"modified": "2024-07-09T12:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T12:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/07/CVE-2024-5631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/posts/2024/07/CVE-2024-5631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://zamel.com/pl/gardi/zestaw-monitoringu-bezprzewodowego-wi-fi-typ-zmb-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-37JX-V87H-X8GC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-23 00:40 – Updated: 2024-04-03 23:51Pidgin 2.10.0 uses DBUS for certain cleartext communication, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via a dbus session monitor.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-1257"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-20T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Pidgin 2.10.0 uses DBUS for certain cleartext communication, which allows local users to obtain sensitive information via a dbus session monitor.",
"id": "GHSA-37jx-v87h-x8gc",
"modified": "2024-04-03T23:51:50Z",
"published": "2022-04-23T00:40:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://developer.pidgin.im/ticket/14830"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://pidgin.im/pipermail/devel/2011-December/010521.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-37M6-8RW8-WH8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 12:30 – Updated: 2026-05-06 12:30HCL DFXAnalytics is affected by an Insufficient Transport Layer Protection vulnerability where data is transmitted over the network without encryption, which could allow an attacker to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-59852"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T11:16:04Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "HCL DFXAnalytics is affected by an Insufficient Transport Layer Protection vulnerability where data is transmitted over the network without encryption, which could allow an attacker to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-37m6-8rw8-wh8f",
"modified": "2026-05-06T12:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59852"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0130569"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-37VM-WF43-5763
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-21 18:30 – Updated: 2022-12-28 21:30Insights for Vulnerability Remediation (IVR) is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks that may lead to information disclosure. This requires privileged network access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42454"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-21T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insights for Vulnerability Remediation (IVR) is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks that may lead to information disclosure. This requires privileged network access.",
"id": "GHSA-37vm-wf43-5763",
"modified": "2022-12-28T21:30:22Z",
"published": "2022-12-21T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcltechsw.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0102168"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-382F-7W2W-V6QR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-12 09:30 – Updated: 2024-03-12 09:30An unauthenticated remote attacker can influence the communication due to the lack of encryption of sensitive data via a MITM. Charging is not affected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26288"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-12T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated remote attacker can influence the communication due to the lack of encryption of sensitive data via a MITM. Charging is not affected.",
"id": "GHSA-382f-7w2w-v6qr",
"modified": "2024-03-12T09:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-03-12T09:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26288"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2024-011"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-384F-F7VJ-VFH4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22The mincore() implementation in mm/mincore.c in the Linux kernel through 4.19.13 allowed local attackers to observe page cache access patterns of other processes on the same system, potentially allowing sniffing of secret information. (Fixing this affects the output of the fincore program.) Limited remote exploitation may be possible, as demonstrated by latency differences in accessing public files from an Apache HTTP Server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5489"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-07T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The mincore() implementation in mm/mincore.c in the Linux kernel through 4.19.13 allowed local attackers to observe page cache access patterns of other processes on the same system, potentially allowing sniffing of secret information. (Fixing this affects the output of the fincore program.) Limited remote exploitation may be possible, as demonstrated by latency differences in accessing public files from an Apache HTTP Server.",
"id": "GHSA-384f-f7vj-vfh4",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/574823bfab82d9d8fa47f422778043fbb4b4f50e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/01/05/boffins_beat_page_cache"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190307-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Jun/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/06/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/06/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1120843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.01161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0204"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:4056"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2809"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2043"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=574823bfab82d9d8fa47f422778043fbb4b4f50e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00071.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00039.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00048.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20200115-01-pagecache-en"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106478"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-38R5-34MR-MVM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-12 00:01 – Updated: 2022-02-12 00:01Impact
Javier Provecho, member of the TCCT (Telefonica Cloud & Cybersecurity Tech better known as ElevenPaths) SRE team discovered a vulnerability regarding Harbor’s v2 API.
The catalog’s registry v2 api is exposed on an unauthenticated path. The current catalog API path is served at the following path and it requires to be authenticated as an admin.
"GET /v2/_catalog"
However, the authorization can be bypassed by using the following path
"GET /v2/_catalog/"
Patches
If your product uses the affected releases of Harbor, update to either version v2.1.2 or v2.0.5 to fix this issue immediately
https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.1.2 https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.0.5
Workarounds
If you cannot access a patched release, it can be mitigated by disabling that API. For example, redirecting it to a 404 sink hole in the ingress.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, contact cncf-harbor-security@lists.cncf.io View our security policy at https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/security/policy https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-29662
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/goharbor/harbor"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/goharbor/harbor"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-29662"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-21T19:00:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### **Impact**\nJavier Provecho, member of the TCCT (Telefonica Cloud \u0026 Cybersecurity Tech better known as ElevenPaths) SRE team discovered a vulnerability regarding Harbor\u2019s v2 API.\n\nThe catalog\u2019s registry v2 api is exposed on an unauthenticated path. The current catalog API path is served at the following path and it requires to be authenticated as an admin.\n\n\"GET /v2/_catalog\"\n\nHowever, the authorization can be bypassed by using the following path\n\n\"GET /v2/_catalog/\"\n\n### **Patches**\nIf your product uses the affected releases of Harbor, update to either version v2.1.2 or v2.0.5 to fix this issue immediately\n\nhttps://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.1.2\nhttps://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.0.5\n\n### **Workarounds**\nIf you cannot access a patched release, it can be mitigated by disabling that API. For example, redirecting it to a 404 sink hole in the ingress.\n\n### **For more information**\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, contact cncf-harbor-security@lists.cncf.io\nView our security policy at https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/security/policy\nhttps://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2020-29662",
"id": "GHSA-38r5-34mr-mvm7",
"modified": "2022-02-12T00:01:51Z",
"published": "2022-02-12T00:01:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/security/advisories/GHSA-38r5-34mr-mvm7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/pull/13676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/commit/3481722f140e1fdf6e6d290b0cd5c86e509feed4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/commit/c7c409a8e5a8b3fd42841dda84759c9d77977853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.0.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/tag/v2.1.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "\"catalog\u0027s registry v2 api exposed on unauthenticated path in Harbor\""
}
GHSA-399H-M926-3RPW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-01 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-01 21:32YONO SBI: Banking & Lifestyle v1.23.36 was discovered to use unencrypted communicatons, possibly allowing attackers to execute a man-in-the-middle attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45080"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-01T18:15:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "YONO SBI: Banking \u0026 Lifestyle v1.23.36 was discovered to use unencrypted communicatons, possibly allowing attackers to execute a man-in-the-middle attack.",
"id": "GHSA-399h-m926-3rpw",
"modified": "2025-07-01T21:32:25Z",
"published": "2025-07-01T18:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pastebin.com/z2gmGWP9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Before transmitting, encrypt the data using reliable, confidentiality-protecting cryptographic protocols.
Mitigation
When using web applications with SSL, use SSL for the entire session from login to logout, not just for the initial login page.
Mitigation
When designing hardware platforms, ensure that approved encryption algorithms (such as those recommended by NIST) protect paths from security critical data to trusted user applications.
Mitigation
Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.
Mitigation
Configure servers to use encrypted channels for communication, which may include SSL or other secure protocols.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-117: Interception
An adversary monitors data streams to or from the target for information gathering purposes. This attack may be undertaken to solely gather sensitive information or to support a further attack against the target. This attack pattern can involve sniffing network traffic as well as other types of data streams (e.g. radio). The adversary can attempt to initiate the establishment of a data stream or passively observe the communications as they unfold. In all variants of this attack, the adversary is not the intended recipient of the data stream. In contrast to other means of gathering information (e.g., targeting data leaks), the adversary must actively position themself so as to observe explicit data channels (e.g. network traffic) and read the content. However, this attack differs from a Adversary-In-the-Middle (CAPEC-94) attack, as the adversary does not alter the content of the communications nor forward data to the intended recipient.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.