CWE-319
AllowedCleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.
1147 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-28H5-J8XC-VFGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:31 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:31Philips e-Alert Unit (non-medical device), Version R2.1 and prior. The software transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. The Philips e-Alert communication channel is not encrypted which could therefore lead to disclosure of personal contact information and application login credentials from within the same subnet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-26T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Philips e-Alert Unit (non-medical device), Version R2.1 and prior. The software transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. The Philips e-Alert communication channel is not encrypted which could therefore lead to disclosure of personal contact information and application login credentials from within the same subnet.",
"id": "GHSA-28h5-j8xc-vfgg",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:31:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-18-242-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usa.philips.com/healthcare/about/customer-support/product-security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105194"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-29Q4-JV6W-VRG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:40IBM Security Identity Governance and Intelligence 5.2.6 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by the failure to properly enable HTTP Strict Transport Security. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-4969"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-21T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Identity Governance and Intelligence 5.2.6 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information, caused by the failure to properly enable HTTP Strict Transport Security. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques.",
"id": "GHSA-29q4-jv6w-vrg6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:40:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:40:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4969"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/192428"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6403257"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2C3H-VR56-625M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-23 21:30 – Updated: 2024-03-27 15:30A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in curl <v7.88.0 that could cause HSTS functionality to behave incorrectly when multiple URLs are requested in parallel. Using its HSTS support, curl can be instructed to use HTTPS instead of using an insecure clear-text HTTP step even when HTTP is provided in the URL. This HSTS mechanism would however surprisingly fail when multiple transfers are done in parallel as the HSTS cache file gets overwritten by the most recentlycompleted transfer. A later HTTP-only transfer to the earlier host name would then not get upgraded properly to HSTS.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23915"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-23T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in curl \u003cv7.88.0 that could cause HSTS functionality to behave incorrectly when multiple URLs are requested in parallel. Using its HSTS support, curl can be instructed to use HTTPS instead of using an insecure clear-text HTTP step even when HTTP is provided in the URL. This HSTS mechanism would however surprisingly fail when multiple transfers are done in parallel as the HSTS cache file gets overwritten by the most recentlycompleted transfer. A later HTTP-only transfer to the earlier host name would then *not* get upgraded properly to HSTS.",
"id": "GHSA-2c3h-vr56-625m",
"modified": "2024-03-27T15:30:36Z",
"published": "2023-02-23T21:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1826048"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1874716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202310-12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230309-0006"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2G9H-HX22-R5P2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 18:31 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:31The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-65855"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T17:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The OTA firmware update mechanism in Netun Solutions HelpFlash IoT (firmware v18_178_221102_ASCII_PRO_1R5_50) uses hard-coded WiFi credentials identical across all devices and does not authenticate update servers or validate firmware signatures. An attacker with brief physical access can activate OTA mode (8-second button press), create a malicious WiFi AP using the known credentials, and serve malicious firmware via unauthenticated HTTP to achieve arbitrary code execution on this safety-critical emergency signaling device.",
"id": "GHSA-2g9h-hx22-r5p2",
"modified": "2025-12-17T18:31:34Z",
"published": "2025-12-17T18:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65855"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/v4.3.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://luismirandaacebedo.github.io/CVE-2025-65855"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2HGX-34F4-HP3Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-09-13 18:31IPMI credentials may be captured in XCC audit log entries when the account username length is 16 characters.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8059"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-13T18:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IPMI credentials may be captured in XCC audit log entries when the account username length is 16 characters.",
"id": "GHSA-2hgx-34f4-hp3q",
"modified": "2024-09-13T18:31:48Z",
"published": "2024-09-13T18:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8059"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/product_security/LEN-172051"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2JC6-HC33-HV48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-13 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-13 18:30Using libcurl, when a custom Host: header is first set for an HTTP request
and a second request is subsequently done using the same easy handle but
without the custom Host: header set, the second request would use stale
information and pass on cookies meant for the first host in the second
request. Leak them.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T13:01:56Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Using libcurl, when a custom `Host:` header is first set for an HTTP request\nand a second request is subsequently done using the same *easy handle* but\nwithout the custom `Host:` header set, the second request would use stale\ninformation and pass on cookies meant for the first host in the second\nrequest. Leak them.",
"id": "GHSA-2jc6-hc33-hv48",
"modified": "2026-05-13T18:30:53Z",
"published": "2026-05-13T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3671818"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-6276.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-6276.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/29/13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2JGC-C4H3-XW55
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 18:31Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort vulnerability in rustdesk-server-pro RustDesk Server Pro rustdesk-server-pro on Windows, MacOS, Linux (Peer authentication, API login modules), rustdesk-server RustDesk Server (OSS) rustdesk-server on Windows, MacOS, Linux (Peer authentication, API login modules) allows Password Brute Forcing. This vulnerability is associated with program files src/server/connection.Rs and program routines Salt/challenge generation, SHA256(SHA256(pwd+salt)+challenge) verification.
This issue affects RustDesk Server Pro: through 1.7.5; RustDesk Server (OSS): through 1.1.15.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-30790"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T16:16:19Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Use of Password Hash With Insufficient Computational Effort vulnerability in rustdesk-server-pro RustDesk Server Pro rustdesk-server-pro on Windows, MacOS, Linux (Peer authentication, API login modules), rustdesk-server RustDesk Server (OSS) rustdesk-server on Windows, MacOS, Linux (Peer authentication, API login modules) allows Password Brute Forcing. This vulnerability is associated with program files src/server/connection.Rs and program routines Salt/challenge generation, SHA256(SHA256(pwd+salt)+challenge) verification.\n\nThis issue affects RustDesk Server Pro: through 1.7.5; RustDesk Server (OSS): through 1.1.15.",
"id": "GHSA-2jgc-c4h3-xw55",
"modified": "2026-03-25T18:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-03-05T18:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30790"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSds6jjpd38oO_yIAyd1HYtKNUuea-I-ozAPpGhYI7QgAU-QGJ7D8a4rOZVj1vmiUXV1EcdRHf9aZAW/pub"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rustdesk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulsec.org"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2P85-RG66-PV28
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-05 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:29An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the OAS Engine functionality of Open Automation Software OAS Platform v18.00.0072. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary authentication. An attacker can sniff network traffic to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34998"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-05T17:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the OAS Engine functionality of Open Automation Software OAS Platform v18.00.0072. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to arbitrary authentication. An attacker can sniff network traffic to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-2p85-rg66-pv28",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:29:18Z",
"published": "2023-09-05T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1770"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2Q55-36VW-45V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 21:30 – Updated: 2026-03-25 21:30IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.2.0 transmits data in clear text that could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64648"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T21:16:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.2.0 transmits data in clear text that could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information using man in the middle techniques.",
"id": "GHSA-2q55-36vw-45v7",
"modified": "2026-03-25T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T21:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64648"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7267105"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QFQ-RJ6X-2X3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49SimpliSafe Original has Unencrypted Keypad Transmissions, which allows physically proximate attackers to discover the PIN.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11402"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-24T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SimpliSafe Original has Unencrypted Keypad Transmissions, which allows physically proximate attackers to discover the PIN.",
"id": "GHSA-2qfq-rj6x-2x3r",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://simplisafe.com/files/pdf/SimpliSafe_advisory_8-17-18.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.simpleorsecure.net/simplisafe-security-advisory"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Before transmitting, encrypt the data using reliable, confidentiality-protecting cryptographic protocols.
Mitigation
When using web applications with SSL, use SSL for the entire session from login to logout, not just for the initial login page.
Mitigation
When designing hardware platforms, ensure that approved encryption algorithms (such as those recommended by NIST) protect paths from security critical data to trusted user applications.
Mitigation
Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.
Mitigation
Configure servers to use encrypted channels for communication, which may include SSL or other secure protocols.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-117: Interception
An adversary monitors data streams to or from the target for information gathering purposes. This attack may be undertaken to solely gather sensitive information or to support a further attack against the target. This attack pattern can involve sniffing network traffic as well as other types of data streams (e.g. radio). The adversary can attempt to initiate the establishment of a data stream or passively observe the communications as they unfold. In all variants of this attack, the adversary is not the intended recipient of the data stream. In contrast to other means of gathering information (e.g., targeting data leaks), the adversary must actively position themself so as to observe explicit data channels (e.g. network traffic) and read the content. However, this attack differs from a Adversary-In-the-Middle (CAPEC-94) attack, as the adversary does not alter the content of the communications nor forward data to the intended recipient.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.