Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-295

Allowed

Improper Certificate Validation

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.

1914 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-556X-QJJ2-PH6Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:21 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:21
VLAI
Details

The D-Link DIR-615 device before v20.12PTb04 doesn't use SSL for any of the authenticated pages. Also, it doesn't allow the user to generate his own SSL Certificate. An attacker can simply monitor network traffic to steal a user's credentials and/or credentials of users being added while sniffing the traffic.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-7406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-07T12:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The D-Link DIR-615 device before v20.12PTb04 doesn\u0027t use SSL for any of the authenticated pages. Also, it doesn\u0027t allow the user to generate his own SSL Certificate. An attacker can simply monitor network traffic to steal a user\u0027s credentials and/or credentials of users being added while sniffing the traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-556x-qjj2-ph6q",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:21:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:21:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7406"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qualys.com/2017/03/12/qsa-2017-03-12/qsa-2017-03-12.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-557R-Q6MF-6MFM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:27 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:27
VLAI
Details

Google Chrome before 17.0.963.56 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via an empty X.509 certificate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-3024"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-02-16T20:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Google Chrome before 17.0.963.56 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via an empty X.509 certificate.",
  "id": "GHSA-557r-q6mf-6mfm",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:27:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:27:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-3024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A14891"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=112451"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2012/02/chrome-stable-update.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48016"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-55R6-XW9H-2C48

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-11 12:30 – Updated: 2023-04-11 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC IPC1047 (All versions), SIMATIC IPC1047E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC647D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC647E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC847D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC847E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager < 4.09.00.25611 on Windows). The Adaptec Maxview application on affected devices is using a non-unique TLS certificate across installations to protect the communication from the local browser to the local application. A local attacker may use this key to decrypt intercepted local traffic between the browser and the application and could perform a man-in-the-middle attack in order to modify data in transit.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-23588"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-11T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC IPC1047 (All versions), SIMATIC IPC1047E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager \u003c 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC647D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC647E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager \u003c 4.09.00.25611 on Windows), SIMATIC IPC847D (All versions), SIMATIC IPC847E (All versions with maxView Storage Manager \u003c 4.09.00.25611 on Windows). The Adaptec Maxview application on affected devices is using a non-unique TLS certificate across installations to protect the communication from the local browser to the local application.\nA local attacker may use this key to decrypt intercepted local traffic between the browser and the application and could perform a man-in-the-middle attack in order to modify data in transit.",
  "id": "GHSA-55r6-xw9h-2c48",
  "modified": "2023-04-11T12:30:26Z",
  "published": "2023-04-11T12:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-511182.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-568W-37QX-3QC6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-07 15:38 – Updated: 2026-07-22 18:31
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because permitted name constraints were incorrectly ignored when previous Certificate Authorities (CAs) only had excluded name constraints. A remote attacker could exploit this to bypass critical name constraint checks during certificate validation. This bypass could lead to the acceptance of invalid certificates, potentially enabling spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks against affected systems.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42011"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-07T15:16:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because permitted name constraints were incorrectly ignored when previous Certificate Authorities (CAs) only had excluded name constraints. A remote attacker could exploit this to bypass critical name constraint checks during certificate validation. This bypass could lead to the acceptance of invalid certificates, potentially enabling spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks against affected systems.",
  "id": "GHSA-568w-37qx-3qc6",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T18:31:45Z",
  "published": "2026-05-07T15:38:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gnutls.org/security-new.html#GNUTLS-SA-2026-04-29-6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2467437"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-42011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43575"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:41921"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:40762"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33125"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:32962"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30004"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:29197"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26409"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26319"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20613"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20612"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:20611"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13274"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-56CM-RMMQ-HQPV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:01 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:01
VLAI
Details

In Logstash versions after 6.4.0 and before 6.8.15 and 7.12.0 a TLS certificate validation flaw was found in the monitoring feature. When specifying a trusted server CA certificate Logstash would not properly verify the certificate returned by the monitoring server. This could result in a man in the middle style attack against the Logstash monitoring data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22138"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-13T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In Logstash versions after 6.4.0 and before 6.8.15 and 7.12.0 a TLS certificate validation flaw was found in the monitoring feature. When specifying a trusted server CA certificate Logstash would not properly verify the certificate returned by the monitoring server. This could result in a man in the middle style attack against the Logstash monitoring data.",
  "id": "GHSA-56cm-rmmq-hqpv",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T22:01:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:01:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elastic-stack-7-12-0-and-6-8-15-security-update/268125"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210629-0001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-56P6-46P2-H7Q6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37
VLAI
Details

IBM Security Guardium 10.0, 10.0.1, 10.1, 10.1.2, 10.1.3, 10.1.4, and 10.5 does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. This weakness might allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by using a man-in-the-middle (MITM) techniques. IBM X-Force ID: 124740.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-1265"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-17T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Security Guardium 10.0, 10.0.1, 10.1, 10.1.2, 10.1.3, 10.1.4, and 10.5 does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. This weakness might allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by using a man-in-the-middle (MITM) techniques. IBM X-Force ID: 124740.",
  "id": "GHSA-56p6-46p2-h7q6",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:11Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:37:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1265"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/124740"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg22014229"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106234"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-573X-JHQH-JG36

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-03-25 16:16 – Updated: 2022-09-17 00:57
VLAI
Summary
Improper Certificate Validation in chloride
Details

Prior to version 0.3.0, chloride's use of net-ssh resulted in host fingerprints for previously unknown hosts getting added to the user's known_hosts file without confirmation. In version 0.3.0 this is updated so that the user's known_hosts file is not updated by chloride.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "chloride"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.3.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-6517"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:00:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-03-21T16:00:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Prior to version 0.3.0, chloride\u0027s use of net-ssh resulted in host fingerprints for previously unknown hosts getting added to the user\u0027s known_hosts file without confirmation. In version 0.3.0 this is updated so that the user\u0027s known_hosts file is not updated by chloride.",
  "id": "GHSA-573x-jhqh-jg36",
  "modified": "2022-09-17T00:57:41Z",
  "published": "2019-03-25T16:16:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6517"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/chloride/CVE-2018-6517.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://puppet.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-6517"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20201001014342/https://puppet.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-6517"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Improper Certificate Validation in chloride"
}

GHSA-57M8-F3V5-HM5M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-11-01 17:54
VLAI
Summary
Withdrawn Advisory: Netty-handler does not validate host names by default
Details

Withdrawn Advisory

This advisory has been withdrawn because the underlying vulnerability only concerns Red Hat's Hot Rod client, which is not in one of the GitHub Advisory Database's supported ecosystems. This link is maintained to preserve external references.

Original Description

Netty-handler has been found to no validate hostnames when using TLS in its default configuration. As a result netty-handler is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. Users would need to set the protocol to "HTTPS" in the SSLParameters of the SSLEngine to opt in to host name validation. A change in default behavior is expected in the 5.x release branch with no backport planned.

In the interim users are advised to enable host name validation in their configurations. See https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8537 for details on the forthcoming change in default behavior.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.netty:netty-handler"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.1.0.Final"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "4.1.99.Final"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4586"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-04T20:27:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-04T11:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Withdrawn Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because the underlying vulnerability only concerns Red Hat\u0027s Hot Rod client, which is not in one of the GitHub Advisory Database\u0027s [supported ecosystems](https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/README.md#supported-ecosystems). This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nNetty-handler has been found to no validate hostnames when using TLS in its default configuration. As a result netty-handler is vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks. Users would need to set the protocol to \"HTTPS\" in the SSLParameters of the SSLEngine to opt in to host name validation. A change in default behavior is expected in the `5.x` release branch with no backport planned.\n\nIn the interim users are advised to enable host name validation in their configurations.\nSee https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8537 for details on the forthcoming change in default behavior.",
  "id": "GHSA-57m8-f3v5-hm5m",
  "modified": "2023-11-01T17:54:21Z",
  "published": "2023-10-04T12:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8537"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-4586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2235564"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/javax/net/ssl/SSLParameters.html#setEndpointIdentificationAlgorithm-java.lang.String-"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/netty/netty"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-IONETTY-1042268"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Withdrawn Advisory: Netty-handler does not validate host names by default",
  "withdrawn": "2023-11-01T17:54:21Z"
}

GHSA-58FJ-7XWC-45HQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 21:31 – Updated: 2026-06-26 21:32
VLAI
Details

Un-negotiated Raw Public Key (RFC 7250) accepted in place of an X.509 certificate, bypassing chain validation. A raw public key has no chain, so ParseCertRelative() accepts it without performing any trust verification; it must therefore only be accepted when RPK was actually negotiated for that peer. The check now defaults the expected type to X.509 (per RFC 7250/8446) when no type was negotiated, comparing against the received server certificate type on the client and the selected client certificate type on the server, and rejects any mismatch, including an un-negotiated raw public key, with UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE. Only affects builds with Raw Public Key support (HAVE_RPK) enabled - disabled by default in a standalone build, but included in --enable-all.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-55960"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T20:17:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Un-negotiated Raw Public Key (RFC 7250) accepted in place of an X.509 certificate, bypassing chain validation. A raw public key has no chain, so ParseCertRelative() accepts it without performing any trust verification; it must therefore only be accepted when RPK was actually negotiated for that peer. The check now defaults the expected type to X.509 (per RFC 7250/8446) when no type was negotiated, comparing against the received server certificate type on the client and the selected client certificate type on the server, and rejects any mismatch, including an un-negotiated raw public key, with UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE. Only affects builds with Raw Public Key support (HAVE_RPK) enabled - disabled by default in a standalone build, but included in --enable-all.",
  "id": "GHSA-58fj-7xwc-45hq",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T21:32:11Z",
  "published": "2026-06-25T21:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55960"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wolfSSL/wolfssl/pull/10702"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wolfssl.com/docs/security-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-58G4-M6H8-H97X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 12:31 – Updated: 2026-05-18 12:31
VLAI
Details

Dell Live Optics Windows and Personal Edition collectors contain an improper certificate validation vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability leading to loss of confidentiality and integrity.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41119"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-18T11:16:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Dell Live Optics Windows and Personal Edition collectors contain an improper certificate validation vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability leading to loss of confidentiality and integrity.",
  "id": "GHSA-58g4-m6h8-h97x",
  "modified": "2026-05-18T12:31:47Z",
  "published": "2026-05-18T12:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41119"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000464862/dsa-2026-221-security-update-for-dell-live-optics-collector-ssl-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.

Mitigation
Implementation

If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.

CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.

CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation

An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.