CWE-295
AllowedImproper Certificate Validation
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
1911 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4G9C-MHJQ-QV3G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:24 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:39The "PCB Mobile" by Phelps County Bank app 3.0.2 -- aka pcb-mobile/id436891295 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9591"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-16T12:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The \"PCB Mobile\" by Phelps County Bank app 3.0.2 -- aka pcb-mobile/id436891295 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-4g9c-mhjq-qv3g",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:39:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:24:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40chronic_9612/advisory-44-credit-union-apps-for-ios-may-allow-login-credential-exposure-4d2f380b85c5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@chronic_9612/advisory-44-credit-union-apps-for-ios-may-allow-login-credential-exposure-4d2f380b85c5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4GF7-M762-7XQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:00 – Updated: 2023-02-03 21:30IBM QRadar SIEM 7.2.8 WinCollect could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information by spoofing a trusted entity using man in the middle techniques due to not validating or incorrectly validating a certificate. IBM X-Force ID: 160072.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-4264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-29T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM QRadar SIEM 7.2.8 WinCollect could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information by spoofing a trusted entity using man in the middle techniques due to not validating or incorrectly validating a certificate. IBM X-Force ID: 160072.",
"id": "GHSA-4gf7-m762-7xq9",
"modified": "2023-02-03T21:30:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:00:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-4264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/160072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10885464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108535"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HC2-JH7R-WRC3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:11 – Updated: 2022-11-15 17:53OkHttp before 2.7.4 and 3.x before 3.1.2 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass certificate pinning by sending a certificate chain with a certificate from a non-pinned trusted CA and the pinned certificate.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.7.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-2402"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-06T19:58:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-30T22:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OkHttp before 2.7.4 and 3.x before 3.1.2 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass certificate pinning by sending a certificate chain with a certificate from a non-pinned trusted CA and the pinned certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-4hc2-jh7r-wrc3",
"modified": "2022-11-15T17:53:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:11:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2402"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/square/okhttp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://koz.io/pinning-cve-2016-2402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rd0e44e8ef71eeaaa3cf3d1b8b41eb25894372e2995ec908ce7624d26@%3Ccommits.pulsar.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://publicobject.com/2016/02/11/okhttp-certificate-pinning-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/02/10/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/02/18/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Improper Certificate Validation in OkHttp"
}
GHSA-4HRF-7RVP-8X6G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-14 00:31Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Camera Device Management Server Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Cameras. User interaction is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the device management functionality. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the certificate presented by the server. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26851.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-15683"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T22:16:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Camera Device Management Server Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Lorex 2K Indoor Wi-Fi Security Cameras. User interaction is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the device management functionality. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the certificate presented by the server. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-26851.",
"id": "GHSA-4hrf-7rvp-8x6g",
"modified": "2026-07-14T00:31:01Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T00:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15683"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-399"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HW8-R3FW-2Q2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-03 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-10 00:00An issue was discovered in Pidgin before 2.14.9. A remote attacker who can spoof DNS responses can redirect a client connection to a malicious server. The client will perform TLS certificate verification of the malicious domain name instead of the original XMPP service domain, allowing the attacker to take over control over the XMPP connection and to obtain user credentials and all communication content. This is similar to CVE-2022-24968.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26491"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-02T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Pidgin before 2.14.9. A remote attacker who can spoof DNS responses can redirect a client connection to a malicious server. The client will perform TLS certificate verification of the malicious domain name instead of the original XMPP service domain, allowing the attacker to take over control over the XMPP connection and to obtain user credentials and all communication content. This is similar to CVE-2022-24968.",
"id": "GHSA-4hw8-r3fw-2q2x",
"modified": "2022-06-10T00:00:51Z",
"published": "2022-06-03T00:01:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26491"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xsf/xeps/pull/1158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.pidgin.im/wiki/FullChangeLog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://keep.imfreedom.org/pidgin/pidgin/rev/13cdb7956bdc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/06/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mail.jabber.org/pipermail/standards/2022-February/038759.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pidgin.im/about/security/advisories/cve-2022-26491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HXV-95RC-JQG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:18 – Updated: 2022-11-08 12:38The Java WebSocket client nv-websocket-client does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL/TLS servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.neovisionaries:nv-websocket-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-1000209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-08T12:38:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-17T02:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Java WebSocket client nv-websocket-client does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject\u0027s Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL/TLS servers via an arbitrary valid certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-4hxv-95rc-jqg7",
"modified": "2022-11-08T12:38:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:18:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1000209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/TakahikoKawasaki/nv-websocket-client/pull/107"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "nv-websocket-client allows attackers to spoof SSL/TLS servers via an arbitrary valid certificate"
}
GHSA-4J5W-436P-3969
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:35 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:35The Twitter iOS client versions 6.62 and 6.62.1 fail to validate Twitter's server certificates for the /1.1/help/settings.json configuration endpoint, permitting man-in-the-middle attackers the ability to view an application-only OAuth client token and potentially enable unreleased Twitter iOS app features.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10511"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-18T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Twitter iOS client versions 6.62 and 6.62.1 fail to validate Twitter\u0027s server certificates for the /1.1/help/settings.json configuration endpoint, permitting man-in-the-middle attackers the ability to view an application-only OAuth client token and potentially enable unreleased Twitter iOS app features.",
"id": "GHSA-4j5w-436p-3969",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:35:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:35:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10511"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/168538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100904"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4J69-27G2-FGCW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:27 – Updated: 2024-02-09 03:32The SSLVerifySignedServerKeyExchange function in libsecurity_ssl/lib/sslKeyExchange.c in the Secure Transport feature in the Data Security component in Apple iOS 6.x before 6.1.6 and 7.x before 7.0.6, Apple TV 6.x before 6.0.2, and Apple OS X 10.9.x before 10.9.2 does not check the signature in a TLS Server Key Exchange message, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers by (1) using an arbitrary private key for the signing step or (2) omitting the signing step.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-1266"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-02-22T17:05:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The SSLVerifySignedServerKeyExchange function in libsecurity_ssl/lib/sslKeyExchange.c in the Secure Transport feature in the Data Security component in Apple iOS 6.x before 6.1.6 and 7.x before 7.0.6, Apple TV 6.x before 6.0.2, and Apple OS X 10.9.x before 10.9.2 does not check the signature in a TLS Server Key Exchange message, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers by (1) using an arbitrary private key for the signing step or (2) omitting the signing step.",
"id": "GHSA-4j69-27g2-fgcw",
"modified": "2024-02-09T03:32:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:27:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7281378"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb/blog/2014-02/2014-02-23.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cs.columbia.edu/~smb/blog/2014-02/2014-02-24.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.imperialviolet.org/2014/02/22/applebug.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://it.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=4821073\u0026cid=46310187"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT6146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT6147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT6148"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT6150"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4JCC-JGC6-VPM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 18:36 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36A vulnerability in the configuration backup feature of Cisco Nexus Dashboard could allow an attacker who has the encryption password and access to Full or Config-only backup files to access sensitive information.
This vulnerability exists because authentication details are included in the encrypted backup files. An attacker with a valid backup file and encryption password from an affected device could decrypt the backup file. The attacker could then use the authentication details in the backup file to access internal-only APIs on the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20042"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T17:28:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the configuration backup feature of Cisco Nexus Dashboard could allow an attacker who has the encryption password and access to Full or Config-only backup files to access sensitive information.\n\nThis vulnerability exists because authentication details are included in the encrypted backup files. An attacker with a valid backup file and encryption password from an affected device could decrypt the backup file. The attacker could then use the authentication details in the backup file to access internal-only APIs on the affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying operating system as the root user.",
"id": "GHSA-4jcc-jgc6-vpm7",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:37Z",
"published": "2026-04-01T18:36:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20042"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-nd-cbid-5YqkOSHu"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4JH8-XJ74-JHXX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-23 18:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 18:32An issue pertaining to CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation was discovered in Ayms node-To master. The application disables TLS/SSL certificate validation by setting 'rejectUnauthorized': false in TLS socket options
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70043"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-23T16:29:36Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue pertaining to CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation was discovered in Ayms node-To master. The application disables TLS/SSL certificate validation by setting \u0027rejectUnauthorized\u0027: false in TLS socket options",
"id": "GHSA-4jh8-xj74-jhxx",
"modified": "2026-02-23T18:32:02Z",
"published": "2026-02-23T18:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70043"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/zcxlighthouse/33cc4342dfe650664548b4531d16b655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Ayms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Ayms/node-To"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.
Mitigation
If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.
CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.
CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.