CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
8570 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HF7Q-JWRV-VQ2R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-24 18:30VIMESA VHF/FM Transmitter Blue Plus is suffering from a Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker can issue an unauthorized HTTP GET request to the unprotected endpoint 'doreboot' and restart the transmitter operations.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9692"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-24T17:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "VIMESA VHF/FM Transmitter Blue Plus is suffering from a Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker can issue an unauthorized HTTP GET request to the unprotected endpoint \u0027doreboot\u0027 and restart the transmitter operations.",
"id": "GHSA-hf7q-jwrv-vq2r",
"modified": "2024-10-24T18:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-10-24T18:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-298-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFCJ-G47M-8FVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:37The entire parent directory - C:\ScadaPro and its sub-directories and files are configured by default to allow user, including unprivileged users, to write or overwrite files.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3746"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-30T20:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The entire parent directory - C:\\ScadaPro and its sub-directories and \nfiles are configured by default to allow user, including unprivileged \nusers, to write or overwrite files.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-hfcj-g47m-8fvx",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:37:55Z",
"published": "2024-04-30T21:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-107-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFFW-GQ3G-2VR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-19 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 12:00Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 6.1.40. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. Note: This vulnerability applies to Windows systems only. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-18T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 6.1.40. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. Note: This vulnerability applies to Windows systems only. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-hffw-gq3g-2vr4",
"modified": "2022-10-19T12:00:23Z",
"published": "2022-10-19T12:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202212-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFJ8-GV3C-FX7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-02-12 18:30Cross Site Request Forgery vulnerability in Dolibarr ERP & CRM v.22.0.9 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the notes field in perms.php
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-69634"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-12T16:16:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Cross Site Request Forgery vulnerability in Dolibarr ERP \u0026 CRM v.22.0.9 allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the notes field in perms.php",
"id": "GHSA-hfj8-gv3c-fx7w",
"modified": "2026-02-12T18:30:23Z",
"published": "2026-02-12T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simone97212/DolibarrVuln"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/simone97212/vuln-research/tree/main/CVE-2025-69634"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFJG-XW76-69F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-23 18:31An unauthenticated information disclosure vulnerability in Newgen OmniApp allows attackers to enumerate valid privileged usernames via a publicly accessible client-side JavaScript resource.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-69908"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T16:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated information disclosure vulnerability in Newgen OmniApp allows attackers to enumerate valid privileged usernames via a publicly accessible client-side JavaScript resource.",
"id": "GHSA-hfjg-xw76-69f9",
"modified": "2026-01-23T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69908"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/CBx216/CVE-Newgen-Software-Advisories/blob/main/CVE-2025-69908.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://newgensoft.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFM5-VRW2-7M5Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:05 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:05Red Hat JBoss Operations Network 3.3.1 does not properly restrict access to certain APIs, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java methods via the (1) ServerInvokerServlet or (2) SchedulerService or (3) cause a denial of service (disk consumption) via the ContentManager.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-0297"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-04-24T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Red Hat JBoss Operations Network 3.3.1 does not properly restrict access to certain APIs, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java methods via the (1) ServerInvokerServlet or (2) SchedulerService or (3) cause a denial of service (disk consumption) via the ContentManager.",
"id": "GHSA-hfm5-vrw2-7m5q",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:05:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:05:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0297"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-0862.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1032181"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HFQM-F33H-W94M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:56 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:59A vulnerability in the IOx application environment for Cisco IOS Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Guest Operating System (Guest OS) running on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to incorrect role-based access control (RBAC) evaluation when a low-privileged user requests access to a Guest OS that should be restricted to administrative accounts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the Guest OS by using the low-privileged-user credentials. An exploit could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Guest OS as a root user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12648"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-25T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the IOx application environment for Cisco IOS Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Guest Operating System (Guest OS) running on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to incorrect role-based access control (RBAC) evaluation when a low-privileged user requests access to a Guest OS that should be restricted to administrative accounts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to the Guest OS by using the low-privileged-user credentials. An exploit could allow the attacker to gain unauthorized access to the Guest OS as a root user.",
"id": "GHSA-hfqm-f33h-w94m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:59:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:56:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12648"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190925-ios-gos-auth"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFR7-X233-JW9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Content product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Content Server). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Content. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Content. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35325"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:40:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle WebCenter Content product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Content Server). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebCenter Content. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebCenter Content. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-hfr7-x233-jw9h",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:26Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFVV-F4X9-469C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-21 03:32 – Updated: 2026-07-21 03:32A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DNS-320 1.0.2. This affects an unknown function of the file /web/function/save_ajax.php. Such manipulation of the argument Malicious Handler leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16331"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T01:16:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DNS-320 1.0.2. This affects an unknown function of the file /web/function/save_ajax.php. Such manipulation of the argument Malicious Handler leads to unrestricted upload. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-hfvv-f4x9-469c",
"modified": "2026-07-21T03:32:09Z",
"published": "2026-07-21T03:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ucn9h68n9289.feishu.cn/docx/UZ6id3F1Joqlpxxn3NFcL8r7nHb?from=from_copylink"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-16331"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/858464"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380697"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/380697/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-HG3F-28RG-4JXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 17:15 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:35Summary
When experimental.componentIslands is enabled (default in Nuxt 4), any .server.vue file under pages/ is automatically registered as a server island under the key page_<routeName> and exposed via the /__nuxt_island/:name endpoint. Until this fix, requests through that endpoint rendered the page component directly via the SSR renderer without instantiating Vue Router, which meant route middleware declared on the page (including definePageMeta({ middleware })) did not run.
For Nuxt applications that gate a .server.vue page behind route middleware as their sole auth check, an unauthenticated attacker could bypass that check by requesting /__nuxt_island/page_<routeName>_<anyhash> directly and receiving the server-rendered HTML.
Affected configurations
All three conditions must hold for an application to be vulnerable:
experimental.componentIslandsis enabled (the default in Nuxt 4; opt-in in Nuxt 3).- The application defines one or more
.server.vuefiles underpages/, registering them as routed pages. - Authentication / authorization for at least one such page is enforced solely via route middleware (
middleware/*.tsreferenced fromdefinePageMeta), without a server-side check inside the page or its data layer.
Applications that enforce auth inside the island's own data layer (server-only API routes, useRequestEvent + manual session checks, etc.) were not affected. The general "route middleware does not run for non-page island components" behaviour is documented and unchanged; this advisory concerns the .server.vue page case specifically, where running middleware is the user's clear expectation.
Details
- Build (
packages/nuxt/src/components/templates.ts):.server.vuepages are registered as island components withpage_prefix, making them addressable through/__nuxt_island/page_<routeName>_<hashId>. - Runtime (
packages/nitro-server/src/runtime/handlers/island.ts): the handler resolves the requested island component and renders it viarenderer.renderToString(ssrContext). The Vue Router plugin previously short-circuited middleware execution wheneverssrContext.islandContextwas set. - The two paths interact so that route middleware declared on the source page never runs.
Proof of concept
Given a page app/pages/secret.server.vue:
<script setup lang="ts">
definePageMeta({ middleware: 'auth' })
</script>
<template>
<h1>SECRET DATA</h1>
</template>
with middleware/auth.ts blocking unauthenticated access:
# Direct page request: blocked by middleware
curl -i http://localhost:3000/secret
# -> 403 / redirect, depending on the middleware
# Island request: middleware did not run before this fix
curl -i 'http://localhost:3000/__nuxt_island/page_secret_anyhash'
# -> 200 OK, body includes <h1>SECRET DATA</h1>
Patches
Patched in nuxt@4.4.6 and nuxt@3.21.6 by #35092. The Vue Router plugin now runs middleware and redirect handling for page_* islands (i.e. islands that originate from .server.vue files in pages/). The island handler propagates middleware-issued responses (~renderResponse), and a new beforeResolve guard returns HTTP 400 when the requested page_<name> does not match the route component the URL resolves to.
Non-page island components are unaffected - they continue to render without route middleware, by design.
Workarounds
If you cannot upgrade immediately:
- Enforce authentication inside the
.server.vuepage itself, not via route middleware. Read the session fromuseRequestEvent()andthrow createError({ statusCode: 401 })(or redirect) before returning data. This is the recommended pattern for islands regardless of this advisory. - Disable
experimental.componentIslandsif your app does not use the feature. - If your app must keep route-middleware-only auth, gate the
/__nuxt_island/page_*URL prefix at your reverse proxy or in a server middleware.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.21.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "nuxt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.11.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.21.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.21.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@nuxt/nitro-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.20.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.21.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.4.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@nuxt/nitro-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.4.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "nuxt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-288"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-29T17:15:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T14:16:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nWhen `experimental.componentIslands` is enabled (default in Nuxt 4), any `.server.vue` file under `pages/` is automatically registered as a server island under the key `page_\u003crouteName\u003e` and exposed via the `/__nuxt_island/:name` endpoint. Until this fix, requests through that endpoint rendered the page component directly via the SSR renderer without instantiating Vue Router, which meant route middleware declared on the page (including `definePageMeta({ middleware })`) did not run.\n\nFor Nuxt applications that gate a `.server.vue` *page* behind route middleware as their sole auth check, an unauthenticated attacker could bypass that check by requesting `/__nuxt_island/page_\u003crouteName\u003e_\u003canyhash\u003e` directly and receiving the server-rendered HTML.\n\n### Affected configurations\n\nAll three conditions must hold for an application to be vulnerable:\n\n1. `experimental.componentIslands` is enabled (the default in Nuxt 4; opt-in in Nuxt 3).\n2. The application defines one or more `.server.vue` files under `pages/`, registering them as routed pages.\n3. Authentication / authorization for at least one such page is enforced solely via route middleware (`middleware/*.ts` referenced from `definePageMeta`), without a server-side check inside the page or its data layer.\n\nApplications that enforce auth inside the island\u0027s own data layer (server-only API routes, `useRequestEvent` + manual session checks, etc.) were not affected. The general \"route middleware does not run for non-page island *components*\" behaviour is documented and unchanged; this advisory concerns the `.server.vue` *page* case specifically, where running middleware is the user\u0027s clear expectation.\n\n### Details\n\n- Build (`packages/nuxt/src/components/templates.ts`): `.server.vue` pages are registered as island components with `page_` prefix, making them addressable through `/__nuxt_island/page_\u003crouteName\u003e_\u003chashId\u003e`.\n- Runtime (`packages/nitro-server/src/runtime/handlers/island.ts`): the handler resolves the requested island component and renders it via `renderer.renderToString(ssrContext)`. The Vue Router plugin previously short-circuited middleware execution whenever `ssrContext.islandContext` was set.\n- The two paths interact so that route middleware declared on the source page never runs.\n\n### Proof of concept\n\nGiven a page `app/pages/secret.server.vue`:\n\n```vue\n\u003cscript setup lang=\"ts\"\u003e\ndefinePageMeta({ middleware: \u0027auth\u0027 })\n\u003c/script\u003e\n\n\u003ctemplate\u003e\n\u003ch1\u003eSECRET DATA\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003c/template\u003e\n```\n\nwith `middleware/auth.ts` blocking unauthenticated access:\n\n```bash\n# Direct page request: blocked by middleware\ncurl -i http://localhost:3000/secret\n# -\u003e 403 / redirect, depending on the middleware\n\n# Island request: middleware did not run before this fix\ncurl -i \u0027http://localhost:3000/__nuxt_island/page_secret_anyhash\u0027\n# -\u003e 200 OK, body includes \u003ch1\u003eSECRET DATA\u003c/h1\u003e\n```\n\n### Patches\n\nPatched in `nuxt@4.4.6` and `nuxt@3.21.6` by [#35092](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35092). The Vue Router plugin now runs middleware and redirect handling for `page_*` islands (i.e. islands that originate from `.server.vue` files in `pages/`). The island handler propagates middleware-issued responses (`~renderResponse`), and a new `beforeResolve` guard returns HTTP 400 when the requested `page_\u003cname\u003e` does not match the route component the URL resolves to.\n\nNon-page island components are unaffected - they continue to render without route middleware, by design.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you cannot upgrade immediately:\n\n- Enforce authentication inside the `.server.vue` page itself, not via route middleware. Read the session from `useRequestEvent()` and `throw createError({ statusCode: 401 })` (or redirect) before returning data. This is the recommended pattern for islands regardless of this advisory.\n- Disable `experimental.componentIslands` if your app does not use the feature.\n- If your app must keep route-middleware-only auth, gate the `/__nuxt_island/page_*` URL prefix at your reverse proxy or in a server middleware.",
"id": "GHSA-hg3f-28rg-4jxj",
"modified": "2026-07-08T17:35:13Z",
"published": "2026-05-29T17:15:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-hg3f-28rg-4jxj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/issues/19772"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35092"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Nuxt\u0027s route middleware is not enforced when rendering `.server.vue` pages via `/__nuxt_island/page_*`"
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.