CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
8739 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-967W-7XJC-4WQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-07 06:35 – Updated: 2024-02-07 06:35An issue was discovered by Elastic, whereby the Detection Engine Search API does not respect Document-level security (DLS) or Field-level security (FLS) when querying the .alerts-security.alerts-{space_id} indices. Users who are authorized to call this API may obtain unauthorized access to documents if their roles are configured with DLS or FLS against the aforementioned index.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23446"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-07T04:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered by Elastic, whereby the Detection Engine Search API does not respect Document-level security (DLS) or Field-level security (FLS) when querying the .alerts-security.alerts-{space_id} indices. Users who are authorized to call this API may obtain unauthorized access to documents if their roles are configured with DLS or FLS against the aforementioned index.",
"id": "GHSA-967w-7xjc-4wqj",
"modified": "2024-02-07T06:35:21Z",
"published": "2024-02-07T06:35:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/kibana-8-12-1-security-update-esa-2024-01/352686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.elastic.co/community/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9682-F2FR-3H46
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-27 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-02 00:01A flaw was found in the way the dumpable flag setting was handled when certain SUID binaries executed its descendants. The prerequisite is a SUID binary that sets real UID equal to effective UID, and real GID equal to effective GID. The descendant will then have a dumpable value set to 1. As a result, if the descendant process crashes and core_pattern is set to a relative value, its core dump is stored in the current directory with uid:gid permissions. An unprivileged local user with eligible root SUID binary could use this flaw to place core dumps into root-owned directories, potentially resulting in escalation of privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3864"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-26T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in the way the dumpable flag setting was handled when certain SUID binaries executed its descendants. The prerequisite is a SUID binary that sets real UID equal to effective UID, and real GID equal to effective GID. The descendant will then have a dumpable value set to 1. As a result, if the descendant process crashes and core_pattern is set to a relative value, its core dump is stored in the current directory with uid:gid permissions. An unprivileged local user with eligible root SUID binary could use this flaw to place core dumps into root-owned directories, potentially resulting in escalation of privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-9682-f2fr-3h46",
"modified": "2022-09-02T00:01:10Z",
"published": "2022-08-27T00:00:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-3864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2015046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211221021744.864115-1-longman%40redhat.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211221021744.864115-1-longman@redhat.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211226150310.GA992%401wt.eu"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/all/20211226150310.GA992@1wt.eu"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20211228170910.623156-1-wander%40redhat.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20211228170910.623156-1-wander@redhat.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-3864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/10/20/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96C9-2V9P-9CHW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-01-17 18:31A vulnerability in the application CLI of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper processing of command line arguments to application scripts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by issuing a command on the CLI with malicious options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain the escalated privileges of the root user on the underlying operating system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-17T17:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the application CLI of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper processing of command line arguments to application scripts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by issuing a command on the CLI with malicious options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain the escalated privileges of the root user on the underlying operating system.",
"id": "GHSA-96c9-2v9p-9chw",
"modified": "2024-01-17T18:31:38Z",
"published": "2024-01-17T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-pi-epnm-wkZJeyeq"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96GQ-M97M-9PPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:51In some configurations an attacker can inject a new executable path into the extensions.load file for osquery and hard link a parent folder of a malicious binary to a folder with known 'safe' permissions. Under those circumstances osquery will load said malicious executable with SYSTEM permissions. The solution is to migrate installations to the 'Program Files' directory on Windows which restricts unprivileged write access. This issue affects osquery prior to v3.4.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-3567"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-59"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-03T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In some configurations an attacker can inject a new executable path into the extensions.load file for osquery and hard link a parent folder of a malicious binary to a folder with known \u0027safe\u0027 permissions. Under those circumstances osquery will load said malicious executable with SYSTEM permissions. The solution is to migrate installations to the \u0027Program Files\u0027 directory on Windows which restricts unprivileged write access. This issue affects osquery prior to v3.4.0.",
"id": "GHSA-96gq-m97m-9ppg",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:51:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3567"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2019-3567"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96HH-JJVQ-5J5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:50 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:50Multiple incomplete blacklist vulnerabilities in Apache Sentry before 1.7.0 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via the (1) reflect, (2) reflect2, or (3) java_method Hive builtin functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-0760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-08-19T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple incomplete blacklist vulnerabilities in Apache Sentry before 1.7.0 allow remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via the (1) reflect, (2) reflect2, or (3) java_method Hive builtin functions.",
"id": "GHSA-96hh-jjvq-5j5w",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:50:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:50:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/sentry-dev/201608.mbox/%3CCACMN7ixDqDyOZGLEvsMUVHBiJ6crq8zdy%2B2mNfRooNhnk7CJ1g%40mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92328"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96JV-VJ39-X4J6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:00 – Updated: 2023-06-27 20:58Impact
Impacts for versions starting with v1.0.0
All unpatched versions of Argo CD starting with v1.0.0 are vulnerable to an improper access control bug, allowing a malicious user to potentially escalate their privileges to admin-level.
To perform the following exploits, an authorized Argo CD user must have push access to an Application's source git or Helm repository or sync and override access to an Application. Once a user has that access, different exploitation levels are possible depending on their other RBAC privileges:
- If that user has
updateaccess to the Application, they can modify any resource on the Application's destination cluster. If the destination cluster is or can be made to be the same as the cluster hosting Argo CD, the user can escalate their Argo CD permissions to admin-level. - If the user has
deleteaccess to the Application, they can delete any resource on the Application's destination cluster. (This exploit is possible starting with v0.8.0.) - If the user has
getaccess to the Application, they can view any resource on the Application's destination cluster (except for the contents of Secrets) and list actions available for that resource. - If the user has
getaccess to the Application, they can view the logs of any Pods on the Application's destination cluster. - If the user has
action/{some action or *}access on the Application, they can run an action for any resource (which supports the allowed action(s)) on the Application's destination cluster. (Some actions are available in Argo CD by default, and others may be configured by an Argo CD admin.)
See the Argo CD RBAC documentation for an explanation of the privileges available in Argo CD.
Events exploit
A related exploit is possible for a user with get access to an Application even if they do not have access to the Application's source git or Helm repository or sync and override access to the Application. The user can access any Event in the Application's destination cluster if they know the involved object's name, UID, and namespace.
Impacts for versions starting with v0.8.0
The same bug exists starting with v0.8.0, but only the following exploits were possible before v1.0.0:
- The
delete exploit(#2 above). - The logs exploit (#4 above).
- The Events exploit described above.
Impacts for versions starting with v0.5.0
The same bug exists starting with v0.5.0 (when RBAC was implemented), but only the Events exploit described above was possible before v0.8.0.
Patches A patch for this vulnerability has been released in the following Argo CD versions:
- v2.3.2
- v2.2.8
- v2.1.14
Versions 2.0.x and earlier users: See the changelog for links to upgrade instructions for your version. It is imperative to upgrade quickly, but some limited mitigations are described in the next section.
argo-helm chart users: Argo CD users deploying v2.3.x with argo-helm can upgrade the chart to version 4.2.2. Argo CD 2.2 and 2.1 users can set the global.image.tag value to the latest in your current release series (v2.2.8, or v2.1.14). Since charts for the 2.2 and 2.1 series are no longer maintained, you will need to either leave the value override in place or upgrade to the 4.x chart series (and therefore to Argo CD 2.3).
Workarounds
The only certain way to avoid the vulnerability is to upgrade.
Mitigations
- To avoid privilege escalation:
- Limit who has push access to Application source repositories or sync + override access to Applications.
- Limit which repositories are available in projects where users have update access to Applications.
- To avoid unauthorized resource inspection/tampering:
- Limit who has delete, get, or action access to Applications.
These mitigations can help limit potential damage, but they are not a substitute for upgrading. It is necessary to upgrade immediately.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.5.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.8.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1220",
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-21T22:29:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "# Impact\n\n## Impacts for versions starting with v1.0.0\nAll unpatched versions of Argo CD starting with v1.0.0 are vulnerable to an improper access control bug, allowing a malicious user to potentially escalate their privileges to admin-level.\n\nTo perform the following exploits, an authorized Argo CD user must have push access to an Application\u0027s source git or Helm repository or `sync` and `override` access to an Application. Once a user has that access, different exploitation levels are possible depending on their other RBAC privileges:\n\n1. If that user has `update` access to the Application, they can modify any resource on the Application\u0027s destination cluster. If the destination cluster is or can be made to be the same as the cluster hosting Argo CD, the user can escalate their Argo CD permissions to admin-level.\n2. If the user has `delete` access to the Application, they can delete any resource on the Application\u0027s destination cluster. (This exploit is possible starting with v0.8.0.)\n3. If the user has `get` access to the Application, they can view any resource on the Application\u0027s destination cluster (except for the contents of Secrets) and list [actions](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/resource_actions/) available for that resource.\n4. If the user has `get` access to the Application, they can view the logs of any Pods on the Application\u0027s destination cluster.\n5. If the user has `action/{some action or *}` access on the Application, they can run an action for any resource (which supports the allowed action(s)) on the Application\u0027s destination cluster. (Some actions are available in Argo CD by default, and others may be configured by an Argo CD admin.)\n\nSee the [Argo CD RBAC documentation](https://argo-cd.readthedocs.io/en/stable/operator-manual/rbac/#rbac-resources-and-actions) for an explanation of the privileges available in Argo CD.\n\n## Events exploit\nA related exploit is possible for a user with `get` access to an Application **even if they do not have access to the Application\u0027s source git or Helm repository or `sync` and `override` access to the Application**. The user can access any Event in the Application\u0027s destination cluster if they know the involved object\u0027s name, UID, and namespace.\n\n## Impacts for versions starting with v0.8.0\nThe same bug exists starting with v0.8.0, but only the following exploits were possible before v1.0.0:\n\n- The `delete exploit` (#\u20602 above).\n- The logs exploit (#\u20604 above).\n- The Events exploit described above.\n\n## Impacts for versions starting with v0.5.0\nThe same bug exists starting with v0.5.0 (when RBAC was implemented), but only the Events exploit described above was possible before v0.8.0.\n\nPatches\nA patch for this vulnerability has been released in the following Argo CD versions:\n\n- v2.3.2\n- v2.2.8\n- v2.1.14\n\n**Versions 2.0.x and earlier users**: See the changelog for links to upgrade instructions for your version. It is imperative to upgrade quickly, but some limited mitigations are described in the next section.\n\n**argo-helm chart users**: Argo CD users deploying v2.3.x with argo-helm can upgrade the chart to version 4.2.2. Argo CD 2.2 and 2.1 users can set the global.image.tag value to the latest in your current release series (v2.2.8, or v2.1.14). Since charts for the 2.2 and 2.1 series are no longer maintained, you will need to either leave the value override in place or upgrade to the 4.x chart series (and therefore to Argo CD 2.3).\n\n## Workarounds\nThe only certain way to avoid the vulnerability is to upgrade.\n\n## Mitigations\n\n- To avoid privilege escalation:\n - Limit who has push access to Application source repositories or sync + override access to Applications.\n- Limit which repositories are available in projects where users have update access to Applications.\n - To avoid unauthorized resource inspection/tampering:\n - Limit who has delete, get, or action access to Applications.\n\nThese mitigations can help limit potential damage, but they are not a substitute for upgrading. It is necessary to upgrade immediately.",
"id": "GHSA-96jv-vj39-x4j6",
"modified": "2023-06-27T20:58:57Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:00:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/security/advisories/GHSA-2f5v-8r3f-8pww"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd/commit/af03b291d4b7e9d3ce9a6580ae9c8141af0e05cf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:1039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:1040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:1041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:1042"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2022-1025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2064682"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/argoproj/argo-cd"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Argo CD improper access control bug can allow malicious user to escalate privileges to admin level"
}
GHSA-96P6-R39H-34M7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Risk Management product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Risk Management. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Risk Management accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Risk Management accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-60871"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:18:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Risk Management product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Internal Operations). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Risk Management. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Risk Management accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Risk Management accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-96p6-r39h-34m7",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:32:04Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:32:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60871"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96QJ-4JJ5-WCJC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-13 15:29 – Updated: 2026-05-15 23:50Summary
There is a medium severity vulnerability in Traefik's Kubernetes Gateway API provider that allows a tenant with HTTPRoute creation permissions to expose the REST provider handler, bypassing the providers.rest.insecure=false setting. The Gateway provider accepts any TraefikService backend reference whose name ends with @internal, making it possible to route traffic to rest@internal in addition to the intended api@internal. In shared Gateway deployments where the REST provider is enabled, this allows a low-privileged actor to gain live dynamic configuration write access to Traefik, enabling unauthorized reconfiguration of routers and services.
Patches
- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.46
- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.6.17
- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.1
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please open an issue.
Original Description ### Summary When the Kubernetes Gateway API provider is enabled, Traefik accepts any `TraefikService` backend whose name ends with `@internal`. This allows a tenant-controlled `HTTPRoute` to publish `rest@internal`. If `providers.rest` is enabled, this exposes Traefik's REST provider handler even when `providers.rest.insecure=false`, even though providers.rest.insecure=false is meant to keep the REST handler from being exposed by Traefik's built-in internal router. In a shared Gateway deployment, an actor with permission to create or update `HTTPRoute` resources in an allowed namespace can gain live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access through `PUT /api/providers/rest`. ### Details The Gateway provider treats internal services broadly rather than allowing only a specific internal target. In current `master`, `pkg/provider/kubernetes/gateway/kubernetes.go` defines `isInternalService(...)` as any `TraefikService` reference whose name ends with `@internal`. Then `pkg/provider/kubernetes/gateway/httproute.go` special-cases a single backend reference that matches `isInternalService(...)` and directly assigns `router.Service = string(routeRule.BackendRefs[0].Name)`. This means a tenant route can target not only `api@internal`, but also `rest@internal` and other internal handlers. Separately, the REST provider handler is created whenever the REST provider is enabled. In `pkg/server/service/managerfactory.go`, if `staticConfiguration.Providers.Rest != nil`, Traefik sets `factory.restHandler = staticConfiguration.Providers.Rest.CreateRouter()`. The REST provider handler itself is implemented in `pkg/provider/rest/rest.go` and accepts `PUT /api/providers/{provider}`. The `providers.rest.insecure` flag does not disable the underlying handler. In `pkg/provider/traefik/internal.go`, that flag only controls whether Traefik creates its own built-in internal router for `rest@internal`. Even when `providers.rest.insecure=false`, Traefik still registers the `rest` service object, and the service layer can still resolve `rest@internal` if another provider routes to it. I validated this locally in two tests: 1. the Gateway route-building path accepts `rest@internal` as an internal backend through the same special-case branch used for `api@internal` 2. the service layer builds and serves `rest@internal` successfully when `providers.rest` is enabled and `providers.rest.insecure=false` The vulnerable code path is present in: - `v3.0.0` - `v3.6.7` - `v2.11.0` - `v2.11.36` - current `master` at `786f7192e11878dfaa634f8263bf79bb730a71cb` I verified the issue in v3.0.0, v3.6.7, v2.11.0, v2.11.36, and current master; the reported affected ranges reflect the maintained release lines checked during validation I did not find a public Traefik advisory or CVE for this exact issue. The closest public overlap I found is the documented/tested Gateway support for `api@internal`, but the issue here is broader because the Gateway code accepts any `@internal` `TraefikService`, including the write-capable `rest@internal` handler. ### Expected behavior `providers.rest.insecure=false` should prevent low-privileged route authors from exposing the REST provider handler. ### Actual behavior A tenant-controlled Gateway route can still publish `rest@internal` and reach the REST update API. ### Attacker prerequisites - The Kubernetes Gateway API provider is enabled. - `providers.rest=true`. - `providers.rest.insecure=false`. - A shared Gateway allows tenant namespaces to attach `HTTPRoute` resources. - The attacker can create or update `HTTPRoute` resources in an allowed tenant namespace. ### PoC 1. Configure Traefik so that the Kubernetes Gateway provider is enabled, the REST provider is enabled, and the REST provider is not exposed insecurely. Example static configuration:providers:
kubernetesGateway: {}
rest:
insecure: false
2. Ensure a shared Gateway allows tenant `HTTPRoute` attachment.
3. In an allowed tenant namespace, create an `HTTPRoute` whose backend points to `rest@internal`:
apiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: HTTPRoute
metadata:
name: expose-rest-internal
namespace: tenant-a
spec:
parentRefs:
- name: shared-gateway
namespace: infra
hostnames:
- rest.tenant.example
rules:
- matches:
- path:
type: PathPrefix
value: /
backendRefs:
- group: traefik.io
kind: TraefikService
name: rest@internal
port: 80
4. Send a `PUT` request through that published route to `/api/providers/rest` with a valid dynamic configuration body. A harmless proof can add a dummy router pointing to `noop@internal`.
Example request body:
{
"http": {
"routers": {
"probe": {
"rule": "PathPrefix(`/probe`)",
"service": "noop@internal",
"ruleSyntax": "default"
}
}
}
}
5. Observe that Traefik accepts the update and applies the supplied dynamic configuration, even though `providers.rest.insecure=false`.
### Impact
This is an authorization / trust-boundary bypass affecting shared Gateway deployments.
On affected deployments, an actor who should only be able to create or update `HTTPRoute` objects can escalate to live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access. That can allow unauthorized reconfiguration of routers and services, publication of additional internal surfaces, request interception or rerouting, and denial of service through destructive config changes.
On affected deployments, this gives a low-privileged Gateway route author live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access. This is critical for affected shared Gateway deployments because it can give a low-privileged route author live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access, but it depends on providers.rest being enabled.
This is not an unauthenticated vulnerability in all Traefik deployments. The issue depends on realistic but specific conditions:
- `providers.rest` must be enabled
- the attacker must be allowed to attach `HTTPRoute` resources to a shared Gateway
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.7.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"3.7.0"
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.6.16"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v3"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.6.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.11.45"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/traefik/traefik/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.46"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/traefik/traefik"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.7.34"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44774"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-13T15:29:56Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T17:16:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nThere is a medium severity vulnerability in Traefik\u0027s Kubernetes Gateway API provider that allows a tenant with `HTTPRoute` creation permissions to expose the REST provider handler, bypassing the `providers.rest.insecure=false` setting. The Gateway provider accepts any `TraefikService` backend reference whose name ends with `@internal`, making it possible to route traffic to `rest@internal` in addition to the intended `api@internal`. In shared Gateway deployments where the REST provider is enabled, this allows a low-privileged actor to gain live dynamic configuration write access to Traefik, enabling unauthorized reconfiguration of routers and services.\n\n## Patches\n\n- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.46\n- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.6.17\n- https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.1\n\n## For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please [open an issue](https://github.com/traefik/traefik/issues).\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eOriginal Description\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n### Summary\nWhen the Kubernetes Gateway API provider is enabled, Traefik accepts any `TraefikService` backend whose name ends with `@internal`. This allows a tenant-controlled `HTTPRoute` to publish `rest@internal`.\n\nIf `providers.rest` is enabled, this exposes Traefik\u0027s REST provider handler even when `providers.rest.insecure=false`, even though providers.rest.insecure=false is meant to keep the REST handler from being exposed by Traefik\u0027s built-in internal router. In a shared Gateway deployment, an actor with permission to create or update `HTTPRoute` resources in an allowed namespace can gain live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access through `PUT /api/providers/rest`.\n\n### Details\nThe Gateway provider treats internal services broadly rather than allowing only a specific internal target.\n\nIn current `master`, `pkg/provider/kubernetes/gateway/kubernetes.go` defines `isInternalService(...)` as any `TraefikService` reference whose name ends with `@internal`.\n\nThen `pkg/provider/kubernetes/gateway/httproute.go` special-cases a single backend reference that matches `isInternalService(...)` and directly assigns `router.Service = string(routeRule.BackendRefs[0].Name)`.\n\nThis means a tenant route can target not only `api@internal`, but also `rest@internal` and other internal handlers.\n\nSeparately, the REST provider handler is created whenever the REST provider is enabled. In `pkg/server/service/managerfactory.go`, if `staticConfiguration.Providers.Rest != nil`, Traefik sets `factory.restHandler = staticConfiguration.Providers.Rest.CreateRouter()`.\n\nThe REST provider handler itself is implemented in `pkg/provider/rest/rest.go` and accepts `PUT /api/providers/{provider}`.\n\nThe `providers.rest.insecure` flag does not disable the underlying handler. In `pkg/provider/traefik/internal.go`, that flag only controls whether Traefik creates its own built-in internal router for `rest@internal`. Even when `providers.rest.insecure=false`, Traefik still registers the `rest` service object, and the service layer can still resolve `rest@internal` if another provider routes to it.\n\nI validated this locally in two tests:\n1. the Gateway route-building path accepts `rest@internal` as an internal backend through the same special-case branch used for `api@internal`\n2. the service layer builds and serves `rest@internal` successfully when `providers.rest` is enabled and `providers.rest.insecure=false`\n\nThe vulnerable code path is present in:\n- `v3.0.0`\n- `v3.6.7`\n- `v2.11.0`\n- `v2.11.36`\n- current `master` at `786f7192e11878dfaa634f8263bf79bb730a71cb`\n\nI verified the issue in v3.0.0, v3.6.7, v2.11.0, v2.11.36, and current master; the reported affected ranges reflect the maintained release lines checked during validation\n\nI did not find a public Traefik advisory or CVE for this exact issue. The closest public overlap I found is the documented/tested Gateway support for `api@internal`, but the issue here is broader because the Gateway code accepts any `@internal` `TraefikService`, including the write-capable `rest@internal` handler.\n\n### Expected behavior\n`providers.rest.insecure=false` should prevent low-privileged route authors from exposing the REST provider handler.\n\n### Actual behavior\nA tenant-controlled Gateway route can still publish `rest@internal` and reach the REST update API.\n\n### Attacker prerequisites\n- The Kubernetes Gateway API provider is enabled.\n- `providers.rest=true`.\n- `providers.rest.insecure=false`.\n- A shared Gateway allows tenant namespaces to attach `HTTPRoute` resources.\n- The attacker can create or update `HTTPRoute` resources in an allowed tenant namespace.\n\n### PoC\n1. Configure Traefik so that the Kubernetes Gateway provider is enabled, the REST provider is enabled, and the REST provider is not exposed insecurely.\n\nExample static configuration:\n\n```yaml\nproviders:\n kubernetesGateway: {}\n rest:\n insecure: false\n```\n\n2. Ensure a shared Gateway allows tenant `HTTPRoute` attachment.\n\n3. In an allowed tenant namespace, create an `HTTPRoute` whose backend points to `rest@internal`:\n\n```yaml\napiVersion: gateway.networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: HTTPRoute\nmetadata:\n name: expose-rest-internal\n namespace: tenant-a\nspec:\n parentRefs:\n - name: shared-gateway\n namespace: infra\n hostnames:\n - rest.tenant.example\n rules:\n - matches:\n - path:\n type: PathPrefix\n value: /\n backendRefs:\n - group: traefik.io\n kind: TraefikService\n name: rest@internal\n port: 80\n```\n\n4. Send a `PUT` request through that published route to `/api/providers/rest` with a valid dynamic configuration body. A harmless proof can add a dummy router pointing to `noop@internal`.\n\nExample request body:\n\n```json\n{\n \"http\": {\n \"routers\": {\n \"probe\": {\n \"rule\": \"PathPrefix(`/probe`)\",\n \"service\": \"noop@internal\",\n \"ruleSyntax\": \"default\"\n }\n }\n }\n}\n```\n\n5. Observe that Traefik accepts the update and applies the supplied dynamic configuration, even though `providers.rest.insecure=false`.\n\n### Impact\nThis is an authorization / trust-boundary bypass affecting shared Gateway deployments.\n\nOn affected deployments, an actor who should only be able to create or update `HTTPRoute` objects can escalate to live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access. That can allow unauthorized reconfiguration of routers and services, publication of additional internal surfaces, request interception or rerouting, and denial of service through destructive config changes.\n\nOn affected deployments, this gives a low-privileged Gateway route author live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access. This is critical for affected shared Gateway deployments because it can give a low-privileged route author live Traefik dynamic-configuration write access, but it depends on providers.rest being enabled.\n\nThis is not an unauthenticated vulnerability in all Traefik deployments. The issue depends on realistic but specific conditions:\n- `providers.rest` must be enabled\n- the attacker must be allowed to attach `HTTPRoute` resources to a shared Gateway\n\n\u003c/details\u003e",
"id": "GHSA-96qj-4jj5-wcjc",
"modified": "2026-05-15T23:50:03Z",
"published": "2026-05-13T15:29:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-96qj-4jj5-wcjc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44774"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.46"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.6.17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.7.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Traefik: Gateway API TraefikService backend accepts rest@internal, allowing unauthorized exposure of the REST provider despite providers.rest.insecure=false"
}
GHSA-96R8-3QV9-Q756
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2023-08-15 15:30A vulnerability in the detection engine of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to send data directly to the kernel of an affected device. The vulnerability exists because the software improperly filters Ethernet frames sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted packets to the management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the Layer 2 (L2) filters and send data directly to the kernel of the affected device. A malicious frame successfully delivered would make the target device generate a specific syslog entry.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1695"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-03T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the detection engine of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to send data directly to the kernel of an affected device. The vulnerability exists because the software improperly filters Ethernet frames sent to an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted packets to the management interface of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to bypass the Layer 2 (L2) filters and send data directly to the kernel of the affected device. A malicious frame successfully delivered would make the target device generate a specific syslog entry.",
"id": "GHSA-96r8-3qv9-q756",
"modified": "2023-08-15T15:30:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190501-asa-ftd-bypass"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108173"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96VX-QF28-6F8M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:08 – Updated: 2024-01-19 17:29Drupal 7.x before 7.3 allows remote attackers to bypass intended node_access restrictions via vectors related to a listing that shows nodes but lacks a JOIN clause for the node table.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-2687"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-19T17:29:45Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2011-07-27T02:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Drupal 7.x before 7.3 allows remote attackers to bypass intended `node_access` restrictions via vectors related to a listing that shows nodes but lacks a JOIN clause for the node table.",
"id": "GHSA-96vx-qf28-6f8m",
"modified": "2024-01-19T17:29:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:08:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-2687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=717874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20110710024036/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/48505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=633385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://drupal.org/node/1204582"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2011-July/062714.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2011-July/062722.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/07/11/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/07/12/16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Drupal Access Control Bypass"
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.