Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-280
AllowedImproper Handling of Insufficient Permissions or Privileges
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not handle or incorrectly handles when it has insufficient privileges to access resources or functionality as specified by their permissions. This may cause it to follow unexpected code paths that may leave the product in an invalid state.
276 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HC3F-33FV-495X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-03 09:30 – Updated: 2025-03-27 18:30
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Common-Services "So Flexibilite" (soflexibilite) module for PrestaShop before version 4.1.26, allows remote attackers to escalate privileges and obtain sensitive information via debug file.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25844"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-03T08:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Common-Services \"So Flexibilite\" (soflexibilite) module for PrestaShop before version 4.1.26, allows remote attackers to escalate privileges and obtain sensitive information via debug file.",
"id": "GHSA-hc3f-33fv-495x",
"modified": "2025-03-27T18:30:37Z",
"published": "2024-03-03T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/friends-of-presta/security-advisories/blob/main/_posts/2024-02-29-soflexibilite.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HQ5V-PC42-8W5F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 06:31 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:31
VLAI
Details
In Modem, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01716533; Issue ID: MSV-6309.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-20463"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T04:17:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Modem, there is a possible escalation of privilege due to a permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege if a malicious actor has already obtained the System privilege. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01716533; Issue ID: MSV-6309.",
"id": "GHSA-hq5v-pc42-8w5f",
"modified": "2026-07-01T12:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T06:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20463"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/July-2026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HR7M-HF2X-J4VH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-17 21:30
VLAI
Details
A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.3. An app may be able to gain root privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43527"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-12T21:15:57Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A permissions issue was addressed with additional restrictions. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.3. An app may be able to gain root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-hr7m-hf2x-j4vh",
"modified": "2025-12-17T21:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-12-12T21:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43527"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125886"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125887"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWPP-2M5Q-2CW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 18:33 – Updated: 2026-06-26 21:32
VLAI
Details
Kernel software installed and running inside a Host VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a memory read or write outside the permitted range of memory for the host kernel.
Addresses passed to the GPU Firmware can be used by the Firmware for more privileged memory accesses than are permitted by the system.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T16:16:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kernel software installed and running inside a Host VM may post improper commands to the GPU Firmware to trigger a memory read or write outside the permitted range of memory for the host kernel.\n\n\n\nAddresses passed to the GPU Firmware can be used by the Firmware for more privileged memory accesses than are permitted by the system.",
"id": "GHSA-hwpp-2m5q-2cw8",
"modified": "2026-06-26T21:32:15Z",
"published": "2026-06-26T18:33:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.imaginationtech.com/gpu-driver-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J5JV-W5CW-J9FF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-03 19:16
VLAI
Summary
Moodle authentication bypass vulnerability
Details
A flaw was found in Moodle. This authentication bypass vulnerability allows suspended users to authenticate through the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) Provider. The issue arises from the LTI authentication handlers failing to enforce the user's suspension status, enabling unauthorized access to the system. This can lead to information disclosure or other unauthorized actions by users who should be restricted.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.4.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.5.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.1.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67848"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-03T19:16:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T11:15:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Moodle. This authentication bypass vulnerability allows suspended users to authenticate through the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) Provider. The issue arises from the LTI authentication handlers failing to enforce the user\u0027s suspension status, enabling unauthorized access to the system. This can lead to information disclosure or other unauthorized actions by users who should be restricted.",
"id": "GHSA-j5jv-w5cw-j9ff",
"modified": "2026-02-03T19:16:26Z",
"published": "2026-02-03T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67848"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/62f372e9d861d16df702d3c7726905fa2730e3d8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/c2705e2c18962fec4f21b9c34ed386be2a379663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67848"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2423831"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=471298"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle authentication bypass vulnerability"
}
GHSA-JHJM-5XJG-MPQP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-02-26 22:17
VLAI
Summary
Xuxueli xxl-job allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter
Details
Permissions vulnerabiltiy found in Xuxueli xxl-job v2.2.0, v 2.3.0 and v.2.3.1 allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.xuxueli:xxl-job"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.3.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-21T22:41:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-21T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Permissions vulnerabiltiy found in Xuxueli xxl-job v2.2.0, v 2.3.0 and v.2.3.1 allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-jhjm-5xjg-mpqp",
"modified": "2025-02-26T22:17:31Z",
"published": "2023-03-21T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job/issues/3096"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-job"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Xuxueli xxl-job allows attacker to obtain sensitive information via the pageList parameter"
}
GHSA-JM4C-88WP-RFJQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-11 15:32
VLAI
Details
Velociraptor allows multi-tenant deployments named "Orgs".
By default Velociraptor, uses the ROOT org, but users can create child orgs for other tenants within the same deployment.
Users can have different permissions in each org. To manage Orgs, Velociraptor usually examines the ORG_ADMIN permission on the ROOT org.
This issue results from the Velociraptor server allowing for the deletion of Orgs by incorrectly checking the ORG_ADMIN permission of callers within the calling ORG instead of the ROOT org. However, Org admins of child orgs were able to add this permission to their ACL token within their own org. This allows an administrator in a child org, which is not also an administrator in the ROOT org, to delete other orgs.
Severity
8.7 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-18860"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T15:17:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Velociraptor allows multi-tenant deployments named \"Orgs\".\n\nBy default Velociraptor, uses the ROOT org, but users can create child orgs for other tenants within the same deployment.\n\nUsers can have different permissions in each org. To manage Orgs, Velociraptor usually examines the ORG_ADMIN permission on the ROOT org.\n\nThis issue results from the Velociraptor server allowing for the deletion of Orgs by incorrectly checking the ORG_ADMIN permission of callers within the calling ORG instead of the ROOT org. However, Org admins of child orgs were able to add this permission to their ACL token within their own org.\u00a0This allows an administrator in a child org, which is not also an administrator in the ROOT org, to delete other orgs.",
"id": "GHSA-jm4c-88wp-rfjq",
"modified": "2026-08-11T15:32:45Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T15:32:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Velocidex/velociraptor/commit/dc38bd6a7e12a678cd79e726bdd1ded4eed75967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advisories/cve-2026-18860"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JM5P-837G-RV8G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-20 18:45 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:45
VLAI
Summary
Wagtail: Improper restriction handling on Page translation API endpoint
Details
Impact
A CMS user with the "submit translations" permission, could use the Admin API's "copy for translation" endpoint to copy an existing page that they do not have edit access to, allowing them to view its contents.
Patches
Patched versions have been released as Wagtail 7.0.9, 7.3.4, 7.4.3 and 8.0rc2.
Workarounds
N/A
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to tinyb0y for reporting this issue.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Visit Wagtail's support channels
- Email us at security@wagtail.org (view our security policy for more information).
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "wagtail"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "wagtail"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.1"
},
{
"fixed": "7.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "wagtail"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.4"
},
{
"fixed": "7.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "wagtail"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0rc1"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0rc2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"8.0rc1"
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-20T18:45:27Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA CMS user with the \"submit translations\" permission, could use the Admin API\u0027s \"copy for translation\" endpoint to copy an existing page that they do not have edit access to, allowing them to view its contents.\n\n### Patches\nPatched versions have been released as Wagtail 7.0.9, 7.3.4, 7.4.3 and 8.0rc2.\n\n### Workarounds\nN/A\n\n### Acknowledgements\nMany thanks to tinyb0y for reporting this issue.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Visit Wagtail\u0027s [support channels](https://docs.wagtail.org/en/stable/support.html)\n* Email us at [security@wagtail.org](mailto:security@wagtail.org) (view our [security policy](https://github.com/wagtail/wagtail/security/policy) for more information).",
"id": "GHSA-jm5p-837g-rv8g",
"modified": "2026-08-20T18:45:28Z",
"published": "2026-08-20T18:45:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wagtail/wagtail/security/advisories/GHSA-jm5p-837g-rv8g"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/wagtail/wagtail"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Wagtail: Improper restriction handling on Page translation API endpoint"
}
GHSA-JPGH-F7HM-PWMF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-26 15:30 – Updated: 2024-03-26 15:30
VLAI
Details
In some rare cases, there is a password type validation missing in Revert Password check and for some features it could be disabled. Fixed Version: Win ZApp 4.3.0.121 and later.
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41972"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T15:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In some rare cases, there is a password type validation missing in Revert Password check and for some features it could be disabled. Fixed Version: Win ZApp 4.3.0.121 and later.",
"id": "GHSA-jpgh-f7hm-pwmf",
"modified": "2024-03-26T15:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-03-26T15:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41972"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/client-connector/client-connector-app-release-summary-2023?applicable_category=Windows\u0026applicable_version=4.3.0.121\u0026deployment_date=2023-09-01\u0026id=1463196"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JVRP-C78H-QQVJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-01 18:30
VLAI
Details
Software installed and running inside a Guest VM may conduct improper GPU system calls to prevent other Guests from running work on the GPU.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46708"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-280"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-27T17:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Software installed and running inside a Guest VM may conduct improper GPU system calls to prevent other Guests from running work on the GPU.",
"id": "GHSA-jvrp-c78h-qqvj",
"modified": "2025-07-01T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2025-06-27T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.imaginationtech.com/gpu-driver-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation
Implementation
Always check to see if you have successfully accessed a resource or system functionality, and use proper error handling if it is unsuccessful. Do this even when you are operating in a highly privileged mode, because errors or environmental conditions might still cause a failure. For example, environments with highly granular permissions/privilege models, such as Windows or Linux capabilities, can cause unexpected failures.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.