CWE-259
AllowedUse of Hard-coded Password
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The product contains a hard-coded password, which it uses for its own inbound authentication or for outbound communication to external components.
329 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VQ2H-CFXR-PP9Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-17 03:30 – Updated: 2025-08-18 15:30A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /etc_ro/shadow. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9091"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-17T03:15:27Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AC20 16.03.08.12. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /etc_ro/shadow. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-vq2h-cfxr-pp9q",
"modified": "2025-08-18T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-08-17T03:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/blob/main/AC20/hardcoded%20password/readme.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/blob/main/AC20/hardcoded%20password/readme.md#description"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZZ2266/.github.io/tree/main/AC20/hardcoded%20password/readme.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320359"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.320359"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.632268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQFG-W42J-3W23
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-23 03:31 – Updated: 2024-11-23 03:31A vulnerability has been found in E-Lins H685, H685f, H700, H720, H750, H820, H820Q, H820Q0 and H900 up to 3.2 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component OEM Backend. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to change the configuration settings. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11630"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T22:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in E-Lins H685, H685f, H700, H720, H750, H820, H820Q, H820Q0 and H900 up to 3.2 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component OEM Backend. The manipulation leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to change the configuration settings. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-vqfg-w42j-3w23",
"modified": "2024-11-23T03:31:58Z",
"published": "2024-11-23T03:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/I3eg1nner/iot-vuln/blob/main/E-lins/Hard-Coded%20Credential%20Vulnerability%20in%20E-Lins%20Routers.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.285916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.285916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.444738"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR72-JFG9-PCCJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-18 18:30 – Updated: 2023-05-18 18:30A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in cnoa OA up to 5.1.1.5. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php?app=main&func=passport&action=login. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-229376. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2799"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-18T16:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in cnoa OA up to 5.1.1.5. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /index.php?app=main\u0026func=passport\u0026action=login. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-229376. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-vr72-jfg9-pccj",
"modified": "2023-05-18T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-05-18T18:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2799"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Peanut886/Vulnerability/blob/main/imgs/2023-Guangzhou%20Xiezhong%20Software%20Technology%20Co.%2C%20LTD/2023-04-10(2).jpg"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Peanut886/Vulnerability/blob/main/webray.com.cn/The-default-password-vulnerability-exists-in-the-intelligent-cooperative-office-system.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.229376"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.229376"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W439-8PFM-9PJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-28 12:30 – Updated: 2024-07-28 12:30A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /etc/shadow.sample. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-272569 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7155"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-28T10:15:03Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /etc/shadow.sample. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-272569 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-w439-8pfm-9pjm",
"modified": "2024-07-28T12:30:31Z",
"published": "2024-07-28T12:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/TOTOLINK/A3300R/shadow.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.272569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.272569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.377465"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-W5W4-GQF5-FH33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-18 00:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:45SonicOS Use of Hard-coded Password vulnerability in the 'dynHandleBuyToolbar' demo function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41713"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-17T23:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SonicOS Use of Hard-coded Password vulnerability in the \u0027dynHandleBuyToolbar\u0027 demo function.",
"id": "GHSA-w5w4-gqf5-fh33",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:45:30Z",
"published": "2023-10-18T00:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41713"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2023-0012"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W664-F83J-WRQM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-15 21:31 – Updated: 2024-05-15 21:31CyberPower PowerPanel business application code contains a hard-coded set of authentication credentials. This could result in an attacker bypassing authentication and gaining administrator privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-15T20:15:13Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "CyberPower PowerPanel business application code contains a hard-coded set of authentication \ncredentials. This could result in an attacker bypassing authentication \nand gaining administrator privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-w664-f83j-wrqm",
"modified": "2024-05-15T21:31:25Z",
"published": "2024-05-15T21:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-123-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cyberpower.com/global/en/product/sku/powerpanel_business_for_windows#downloads"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W78R-F8W4-QXCQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-20 06:30 – Updated: 2025-08-21 15:30An issue was discovered in Commvault before 11.36.60. A vulnerability in a known login mechanism allows unauthenticated attackers to execute API calls without requiring user credentials. RBAC helps limit the exposure but does not eliminate risk.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57788"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-20T04:16:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Commvault before 11.36.60. A vulnerability in a known login mechanism allows unauthenticated attackers to execute API calls without requiring user credentials. RBAC helps limit the exposure but does not eliminate risk.",
"id": "GHSA-w78r-f8w4-qxcq",
"modified": "2025-08-21T15:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-08-20T06:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.commvault.com/securityadvisories/CV_2025_08_3.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://labs.watchtowr.com/guess-who-would-be-stupid-enough-to-rob-the-same-vault-twice-pre-auth-rce-chains-in-commvault/#wt-2025-0047hardcoded-credentials"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHH4-RFQM-VCWG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-28 21:32 – Updated: 2025-03-04 18:33TRENDnet TEW-929DRU 1.0.0.10 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow, which allows attackers to log in as root.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25428"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-28T19:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TRENDnet TEW-929DRU 1.0.0.10 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow, which allows attackers to log in as root.",
"id": "GHSA-whh4-rfqm-vcwg",
"modified": "2025-03-04T18:33:27Z",
"published": "2025-02-28T21:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25428"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://instinctive-acapella-fc7.notion.site/Trendnet-TEW-929DRU-Hardcoded-password-17815d9d4d2680d5a2becf32425d93fd"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WP6W-6RQ3-HXMQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-21 18:31A vulnerability was determined in yeqifu carRental up to 3fabb7eae93d209426638863980301d6f99866b3. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /carRental_war/druid/login.html of the component Druid. Executing manipulation can lead to hard-coded credentials. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T17:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was determined in yeqifu carRental up to 3fabb7eae93d209426638863980301d6f99866b3. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /carRental_war/druid/login.html of the component Druid. Executing manipulation can lead to hard-coded credentials. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases.",
"id": "GHSA-wp6w-6rq3-hxmq",
"modified": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/caigo8/CVE-md/blob/main/carRentalV1.0/druid%E6%9C%AA%E6%8E%88%E6%9D%83.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.320915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.633588"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WV5V-XWVM-FP5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-21 18:31A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13. Affected is an unknown function of the file /etc_ro/shadow of the component MD5 Hash Handler. Performing manipulation results in hard-coded credentials. The attack needs to be approached locally. A high degree of complexity is needed for the attack. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9309"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T17:15:33Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13. Affected is an unknown function of the file /etc_ro/shadow of the component MD5 Hash Handler. Performing manipulation results in hard-coded credentials. The attack needs to be approached locally. A high degree of complexity is needed for the attack. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been made public and could be used.",
"id": "GHSA-wv5v-xwvm-fp5g",
"modified": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XXRicardo/iot-cve/blob/main/Tenda/AC10/V4.0si_V16.03.10.13.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XXRicardo/iot-cve/blob/main/Tenda/AC10/V4.0si_V16.03.10.13.md#steps-to-reproduce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.320914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.320914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.633585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
For outbound authentication: store passwords outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password.
Mitigation
Perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded password. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication: apply strong one-way hashes to your passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When receiving an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the hash that you have saved.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that you generate. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.