Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1333

Allowed

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

868 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-38J3-6FM8-PFGC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-23 21:25
VLAI
Summary
Regular expression denial of service in Delight Nashorn Sandbox
Details

An issue was discovered in Delight Nashorn Sandbox. There is an ReDoS vulnerability that can be exploited to launching a denial of service (DoS) attack.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.javadelight:delight-nashorn-sandbox"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.3.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-40660"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-17T01:14:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-14T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Delight Nashorn Sandbox. There is an ReDoS vulnerability that can be exploited to launching a denial of service (DoS) attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-38j3-6fm8-pfgc",
  "modified": "2022-06-23T21:25:08Z",
  "published": "2022-06-15T00:00:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40660"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox/issues/117"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox/issues/117#issuecomment-1564983722"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox/pull/139"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox/commit/b899b8ecad46090fdc042ac7683e1164114a69de"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/javadelight/delight-nashorn-sandbox/releases/tag/0.3.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Regular expression denial of service in Delight Nashorn Sandbox"
}

GHSA-38M6-82C8-4XFM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-23 00:11 – Updated: 2026-06-12 21:59
VLAI
Summary
Parse Server: Pre-authentication denial of service via client version header regex backtracking
Details

Impact

An unauthenticated attacker who knows a publicly-known Parse Application ID can submit a single HTTP request whose client SDK version field contains adversarial input that triggers polynomial backtracking in a request-header parser. The parsing runs before session authentication and before rate limiting on every /parse/* request, so the request consumes seconds to minutes of synchronous CPU on a Node.js worker before any access control evaluates it. A small number of concurrent requests can saturate a worker; a single large request via the body-field variant can pin a worker for minutes. Production deployments running the default configuration are affected.

Patches

The client SDK version capture and parsing have been removed entirely. The Parse JS SDK compatibility table defines a strict version-pinned contract between Parse Server and the Parse JS SDK; server-side adaptation to client SDK version is an obsolete pattern that contradicts that contract. The vulnerable parser, the clientSDK parameter that threaded its output through routers, and the legacy code path it gated are all removed. The X-Parse-Client-Version header and _ClientVersion JSON body field are now silently ignored on every request; supported Parse SDKs are unaffected.

Workarounds

Deploy a reverse proxy or WAF in front of Parse Server that strips or strictly size-limits the X-Parse-Client-Version header AND the _ClientVersion field in JSON request bodies on every /parse/* route before forwarding to the server. A header-size cap alone is insufficient: the body-field variant requires inspection of JSON content. Upgrading to the patched version is the recommended remediation.

Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "parse-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.9.1-alpha.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "parse-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.6.77"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-47138"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-23T00:11:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T19:16:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nAn unauthenticated attacker who knows a publicly-known Parse Application ID can submit a single HTTP request whose client SDK version field contains adversarial input that triggers polynomial backtracking in a request-header parser. The parsing runs before session authentication and before rate limiting on every `/parse/*` request, so the request consumes seconds to minutes of synchronous CPU on a Node.js worker before any access control evaluates it. A small number of concurrent requests can saturate a worker; a single large request via the body-field variant can pin a worker for minutes. Production deployments running the default configuration are affected.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe client SDK version capture and parsing have been removed entirely. The Parse JS SDK compatibility table defines a strict version-pinned contract between Parse Server and the Parse JS SDK; server-side adaptation to client SDK version is an obsolete pattern that contradicts that contract. The vulnerable parser, the `clientSDK` parameter that threaded its output through routers, and the legacy code path it gated are all removed. The `X-Parse-Client-Version` header and `_ClientVersion` JSON body field are now silently ignored on every request; supported Parse SDKs are unaffected.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nDeploy a reverse proxy or WAF in front of Parse Server that strips or strictly size-limits the `X-Parse-Client-Version` header AND the `_ClientVersion` field in JSON request bodies on every `/parse/*` route before forwarding to the server. A header-size cap alone is insufficient: the body-field variant requires inspection of JSON content. Upgrading to the patched version is the recommended remediation.",
  "id": "GHSA-38m6-82c8-4xfm",
  "modified": "2026-06-12T21:59:40Z",
  "published": "2026-05-23T00:11:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-38m6-82c8-4xfm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/pull/10463"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/pull/10464"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Parse Server: Pre-authentication denial of service via client version header regex backtracking"
}

GHSA-3F2Q-6294-FMQ5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-18 00:30 – Updated: 2023-11-28 23:14
VLAI
Summary
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in git-urls
Details

git-urls version 1.0.1 is vulnerable to ReDOS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in Go package.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/whilp/git-urls"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46402"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-20T23:05:38Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-18T00:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "git-urls version 1.0.1 is vulnerable to ReDOS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in Go package.",
  "id": "GHSA-3f2q-6294-fmq5",
  "modified": "2023-11-28T23:14:24Z",
  "published": "2023-11-18T00:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46402"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/6en6ar/7c2424c93e7fbf2b6fc44e7fb9acb95d"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/whilp/git-urls"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in git-urls"
}

GHSA-3FX5-FWVR-XRJG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2017-10-24 18:33 – Updated: 2024-08-01 16:44
VLAI
Summary
Regular Expression Denial of Service in ms
Details

Versions of ms prior to 0.7.1 are affected by a regular expression denial of service vulnerability when extremely long version strings are parsed.

Proof of Concept

var ms = require('ms');
var genstr = function (len, chr) {
   var result = "";
   for (i=0; i<=len; i++) {
       result = result + chr;
   }

   return result;
}

ms(genstr(process.argv[2], "5") + " minutea");

Results

Showing increase in execution time based on the input string.

$ time node ms.js 10000

real    0m0.758s
user    0m0.724s
sys 0m0.031s

$ time node ms.js 20000

real    0m2.580s
user    0m2.494s
sys 0m0.047s

$ time node ms.js 30000

real    0m5.747s
user    0m5.483s
sys 0m0.080s

$ time node ms.js 80000

real    0m41.022s
user    0m38.894s
sys 0m0.529s
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "ms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.7.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-8315"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:55:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-01-23T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `ms` prior to 0.7.1 are affected by a regular expression denial of service vulnerability when extremely long version strings are parsed.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n```javascript\nvar ms = require(\u0027ms\u0027);\nvar genstr = function (len, chr) {\n   var result = \"\";\n   for (i=0; i\u003c=len; i++) {\n       result = result + chr;\n   }\n\n   return result;\n}\n\nms(genstr(process.argv[2], \"5\") + \" minutea\");\n\n```\n\n### Results\nShowing increase in execution time based on the input string.\n```\n$ time node ms.js 10000\n\nreal\t0m0.758s\nuser\t0m0.724s\nsys\t0m0.031s\n\n$ time node ms.js 20000\n\nreal\t0m2.580s\nuser\t0m2.494s\nsys\t0m0.047s\n\n$ time node ms.js 30000\n\nreal\t0m5.747s\nuser\t0m5.483s\nsys\t0m0.080s\n\n$ time node ms.js 80000\n\nreal\t0m41.022s\nuser\t0m38.894s\nsys\t0m0.529s\n```\n",
  "id": "GHSA-3fx5-fwvr-xrjg",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T16:44:35Z",
  "published": "2017-10-24T18:33:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/unshiftio/millisecond"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/46"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K46337613?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp%3Butm_medium=RSS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K46337613?utm_source=f5support\u0026amp;utm_medium=RSS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200227190911/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/04/20/11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96389"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Regular Expression Denial of Service in ms"
}

GHSA-3H4M-M55V-GX4M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 12:31 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26
VLAI
Summary
Apache Airflow Improper Input Validation vulnerability
Details

Apache Airflow, versions before 2.6.3, has a vulnerability where an authenticated user can use crafted input to make the current request hang. It is recommended to upgrade to a version that is not affected

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "apache-airflow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-36543"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-12T17:30:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T10:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Apache Airflow, versions before 2.6.3, has a vulnerability where an authenticated user can use crafted input to make the current request hang.\u00a0It is recommended to upgrade to a version that is not affected",
  "id": "GHSA-3h4m-m55v-gx4m",
  "modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:31Z",
  "published": "2023-07-12T12:31:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36543"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/32060"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/commit/116e607ddcb32480e57c342f48226545ac6fc315"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/apache-airflow/PYSEC-2023-106.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/tokfs980504ylgk3cv3hjlnrtbv4tng4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache Airflow Improper Input Validation vulnerability"
}

GHSA-3JFV-92RR-QCCG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-29 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-29 12:31
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in dash. When built without libc fnmatch, the internal pmatch() matcher implements * by unbounded recursion over candidate positions. A local user who can plant filenames, or otherwise feed that matcher, can make a short multi-star pattern such as ....*.tar.gz consume excessive CPU.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-102473"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-29T10:17:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in dash. When built without libc fnmatch, the internal pmatch() matcher implements * by unbounded recursion over candidate positions. A local user who can plant filenames, or otherwise feed that matcher, can make a short multi-star pattern such as *.*.*.*.*.tar.gz consume excessive CPU.",
  "id": "GHSA-3jfv-92rr-qccg",
  "modified": "2026-09-29T12:31:28Z",
  "published": "2026-09-29T12:31:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102473"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-102473"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2543005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3P3X-VG38-6G9Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-19 12:31 – Updated: 2024-06-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

Issue summary: Checking excessively long DH keys or parameters may be very slow.

Impact summary: Applications that use the functions DH_check(), DH_check_ex() or EVP_PKEY_param_check() to check a DH key or DH parameters may experience long delays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained from an untrusted source this may lead to a Denial of Service.

The function DH_check() performs various checks on DH parameters. One of those checks confirms that the modulus ('p' parameter) is not too large. Trying to use a very large modulus is slow and OpenSSL will not normally use a modulus which is over 10,000 bits in length.

However the DH_check() function checks numerous aspects of the key or parameters that have been supplied. Some of those checks use the supplied modulus value even if it has already been found to be too large.

An application that calls DH_check() and supplies a key or parameters obtained from an untrusted source could be vulernable to a Denial of Service attack.

The function DH_check() is itself called by a number of other OpenSSL functions. An application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected. The other functions affected by this are DH_check_ex() and EVP_PKEY_param_check().

Also vulnerable are the OpenSSL dhparam and pkeyparam command line applications when using the '-check' option.

The OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue. The OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3446"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333",
      "CWE-606"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-19T12:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Issue summary: Checking excessively long DH keys or parameters may be very slow.\n\nImpact summary: Applications that use the functions DH_check(), DH_check_ex()\nor EVP_PKEY_param_check() to check a DH key or DH parameters may experience long\ndelays. Where the key or parameters that are being checked have been obtained\nfrom an untrusted source this may lead to a Denial of Service.\n\nThe function DH_check() performs various checks on DH parameters. One of those\nchecks confirms that the modulus (\u0027p\u0027 parameter) is not too large. Trying to use\na very large modulus is slow and OpenSSL will not normally use a modulus which\nis over 10,000 bits in length.\n\nHowever the DH_check() function checks numerous aspects of the key or parameters\nthat have been supplied. Some of those checks use the supplied modulus value\neven if it has already been found to be too large.\n\nAn application that calls DH_check() and supplies a key or parameters obtained\nfrom an untrusted source could be vulernable to a Denial of Service attack.\n\nThe function DH_check() is itself called by a number of other OpenSSL functions.\nAn application calling any of those other functions may similarly be affected.\nThe other functions affected by this are DH_check_ex() and\nEVP_PKEY_param_check().\n\nAlso vulnerable are the OpenSSL dhparam and pkeyparam command line applications\nwhen using the \u0027-check\u0027 option.\n\nThe OpenSSL SSL/TLS implementation is not affected by this issue.\nThe OpenSSL 3.0 and 3.1 FIPS providers are not affected by this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-3p3x-vg38-6g9q",
  "modified": "2024-06-10T18:30:45Z",
  "published": "2023-07-19T12:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3446"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=1fa20cf2f506113c761777127a38bce5068740eb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=8780a896543a654e757db1b9396383f9d8095528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=9a0a4d3c1e7138915563c0df4fe6a3f9377b839c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.openssl.org/gitweb/?p=openssl.git;a=commitdiff;h=fc9867c1e03c22ebf56943be205202e576aabf23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/08/msg00019.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202402-08"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230803-0011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openssl.org/news/secadv/20230719.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/19/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/19/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/19/6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/31/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/05/16/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3P6V-HRG8-8QJ7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-26 14:08 – Updated: 2025-03-26 14:08
VLAI
Summary
@mozilla/readability Denial of Service through Regex
Details

Specially crafted titles may have caused a regular expression to excessively backtrack and cause a local denial of service.

Additional Details are available at Bugzilla

Credit: DayShift

Severity
2.9 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@mozilla/readability"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.6.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2792"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-26T14:08:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Specially crafted titles may have caused a regular expression to excessively backtrack and cause a local denial of service.\n\nAdditional Details are [available at Bugzilla](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1948833)\n\nCredit: DayShift",
  "id": "GHSA-3p6v-hrg8-8qj7",
  "modified": "2025-03-26T14:08:48Z",
  "published": "2025-03-26T14:08:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mozilla/readability/security/advisories/GHSA-3p6v-hrg8-8qj7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mozilla/readability/commit/1c4d63be3e7344c3dfdf76ebb05fd0d32de93eb3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1948833"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mozilla/readability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "@mozilla/readability Denial of Service through Regex"
}

GHSA-3PHV-83CJ-P8P7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-10-28 14:56
VLAI
Summary
nope-validator Regular Expression Denial of Service vulnerability
Details

Nope is a JavaScript validator. Versions 0.11.3 and prior contain one or more regular expressions that are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.12.1.

Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "nope-validator"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.12.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-26309"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-28T14:56:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-26T21:15:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Nope is a JavaScript validator. Versions 0.11.3 and prior contain one or more regular expressions that are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.12.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-3phv-83cj-p8p7",
  "modified": "2024-10-28T14:56:39Z",
  "published": "2024-10-26T21:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26309"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ftonato/nope-validator/issues/352"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ftonato/nope-validator/commit/4564b7444dcd92769e5c5b80420469c9f18b7a05#diff-9c399c46fa266bcf2be2704fbb369181726959e148e95ab548a32ef9ca9e7d47R1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ftonato/nope-validator/commit/c8af9f93abe8f4786f8f69d2b0518f8ca3652f44"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ftonato/nope-validator"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2020-303-redos-nope-validator"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/U:Green",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "nope-validator Regular Expression Denial of Service vulnerability"
}

GHSA-3PPC-4F35-3M26

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 22:38 – Updated: 2026-02-24 20:59
VLAI
Summary
minimatch has a ReDoS via repeated wildcards with non-matching literal in pattern
Details

Summary

minimatch is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when a glob pattern contains many consecutive * wildcards followed by a literal character that doesn't appear in the test string. Each * compiles to a separate [^/]*? regex group, and when the match fails, V8's regex engine backtracks exponentially across all possible splits.

The time complexity is O(4^N) where N is the number of * characters. With N=15, a single minimatch() call takes ~2 seconds. With N=34, it hangs effectively forever.

Details

Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer.

PoC

When minimatch compiles a glob pattern, each * becomes [^/]*? in the generated regex. For a pattern like ***************X***:

/^(?!\.)[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?X[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?$/

When the test string doesn't contain X, the regex engine must try every possible way to distribute the characters across all the [^/]*? groups before concluding no match exists. With N groups and M characters, this is O(C(N+M, N)) — exponential.

Impact

Any application that passes user-controlled strings to minimatch() as the pattern argument is vulnerable to DoS. This includes: - File search/filter UIs that accept glob patterns - .gitignore-style filtering with user-defined rules - Build tools that accept glob configuration - Any API that exposes glob matching to untrusted input

Thanks to @ljharb for back-porting the fix to legacy versions of minimatch.

Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "10.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "10.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.0.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.0.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "7.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.4.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "6.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.2.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "minimatch"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-26996"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-18T22:38:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T03:16:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n`minimatch` is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when a glob pattern contains many consecutive `*` wildcards followed by a literal character that doesn\u0027t appear in the test string. Each `*` compiles to a separate `[^/]*?` regex group, and when the match fails, V8\u0027s regex engine backtracks exponentially across all possible splits.\n\nThe time complexity is O(4^N) where N is the number of `*` characters. With N=15, a single `minimatch()` call takes ~2 seconds. With N=34, it hangs effectively forever.\n\n\n### Details\n_Give all details on the vulnerability. Pointing to the incriminated source code is very helpful for the maintainer._\n\n### PoC\nWhen minimatch compiles a glob pattern, each `*` becomes `[^/]*?` in the generated regex. For a pattern like `***************X***`:\n\n```\n/^(?!\\.)[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?X[^/]*?[^/]*?[^/]*?$/\n```\n\nWhen the test string doesn\u0027t contain `X`, the regex engine must try every possible way to distribute the characters across all the `[^/]*?` groups before concluding no match exists. With N groups and M characters, this is O(C(N+M, N)) \u2014 exponential.\n### Impact\nAny application that passes user-controlled strings to `minimatch()` as the pattern argument is vulnerable to DoS. This includes:\n- File search/filter UIs that accept glob patterns\n- `.gitignore`-style filtering with user-defined rules\n- Build tools that accept glob configuration\n- Any API that exposes glob matching to untrusted input\n\n----\n\nThanks to @ljharb for back-porting the fix to legacy versions of minimatch.",
  "id": "GHSA-3ppc-4f35-3m26",
  "modified": "2026-02-24T20:59:57Z",
  "published": "2026-02-18T22:38:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch/security/advisories/GHSA-3ppc-4f35-3m26"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26996"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch/commit/2e111f3a79abc00fa73110195de2c0f2351904f5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/isaacs/minimatch"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "minimatch has a ReDoS via repeated wildcards with non-matching literal in pattern"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.

Mitigation
Implementation

Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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