CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11270 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XRF2-5R3P-5WGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 17:58 – Updated: 2026-03-26 17:58During ML-DSA verification the serialized hint values are decoded as specified in algorithm 22 HintBitUnpack of FIPS 204, subsection 7.1. The algorithm requires that the cumulative hint counters per row of the hint vector are strictly increasing and below a maximum value which depends on the choice of ML-DSA parameter set (line 4).
In libcrux-ml-dsa, hint decoding did not check the boundedness of the cumulative hint counter of the last row of the hint vector.
Impact
A manipulated invalid hint can cause an out-of-bounds memory access since the hint decoding logic may attempt to read outside the bounds of the serialized signature, causing a runtime panic.
Mitigation
Starting from version 0.0.8, hint decoding will check the cumulative hint counter of the last row as well.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "libcrux-ml-dsa"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-1285"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T17:58:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "During ML-DSA verification the serialized hint values are decoded as specified in algorithm 22 `HintBitUnpack` of [FIPS 204, subsection 7.1](https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/FIPS/NIST.FIPS.204.pdf#%5B%7B%22num%22%3A120%2C%22gen%22%3A0%7D%2C%7B%22name%22%3A%22FitH%22%7D%2C657%5D). The algorithm requires that the cumulative hint counters per row of the hint vector are strictly increasing and below a maximum value which depends on the choice of ML-DSA parameter set (line 4).\n\nIn libcrux-ml-dsa, hint decoding did not check the boundedness of the cumulative hint counter of the last row of the hint vector.\n\n## Impact\nA manipulated invalid hint can cause an out-of-bounds memory access since the hint decoding logic may attempt to read outside the bounds of the serialized signature, causing a runtime panic.\n\n## Mitigation\nStarting from version `0.0.8`, hint decoding will check the cumulative hint counter of the last row as well.",
"id": "GHSA-xrf2-5r3p-5wgj",
"modified": "2026-03-26T17:58:16Z",
"published": "2026-03-26T17:58:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cryspen/libcrux/pull/1348"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/cryspen/libcrux"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rustsec.org/advisories/RUSTSEC-2026-0076.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "libcrux: Panic in Signature Hint Decoding During Verification"
}
GHSA-XRG8-R4MG-6G2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-08 18:34 – Updated: 2025-04-08 18:34After Effects versions 25.1, 24.6.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27184"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-08T18:15:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "After Effects versions 25.1, 24.6.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-xrg8-r4mg-6g2x",
"modified": "2025-04-08T18:34:49Z",
"published": "2025-04-08T18:34:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27184"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/after_effects/apsb25-23.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRHC-74F6-GVM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:35In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07573552; Issue ID: ALPS07573575.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20729"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T13:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07573552; Issue ID: ALPS07573575.",
"id": "GHSA-xrhc-74f6-gvm9",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:35:17Z",
"published": "2023-06-06T15:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRQG-3G47-QQ3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:20An issue was discovered in LibVNCServer before 0.9.13. libvncserver/rre.c allows out-of-bounds access via encodings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14404"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-17T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in LibVNCServer before 0.9.13. libvncserver/rre.c allows out-of-bounds access via encodings.",
"id": "GHSA-xrqg-3g47-qq3r",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:20:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:20:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14404"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibVNC/libvncserver/commit/74e8a70f2c9a5248d6718ce443e07c7ed314dfff"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-390195.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibVNC/libvncserver/compare/LibVNCServer-0.9.12...LibVNCServer-0.9.13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/06/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00045.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4434-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4573-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRXH-G8JF-MF2M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:05 – Updated: 2024-10-22 18:32Suricata version 4.0.4 incorrectly handles the parsing of the SSH banner. A malformed SSH banner can cause the parsing code to read beyond the allocated data because SSHParseBanner in app-layer-ssh.c lacks a length check.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10242"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-04T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Suricata version 4.0.4 incorrectly handles the parsing of the SSH banner. A malformed SSH banner can cause the parsing code to read beyond the allocated data because SSHParseBanner in app-layer-ssh.c lacks a length check.",
"id": "GHSA-xrxh-g8jf-mf2m",
"modified": "2024-10-22T18:32:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:05:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10242"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/04/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://suricata-ids.org/2018/07/18/suricata-4-0-5-available"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRXP-WJ2G-WRXJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-28 21:30Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25884"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-28T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Dimension versions 3.4.7 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-xrxp-wj2g-wrxj",
"modified": "2023-03-28T21:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-03-28T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25884"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dimension/apsb23-20.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XV49-7846-MHM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13Adobe Media Encoder version 15.1 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive memory information in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28569"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Media Encoder version 15.1 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive memory information in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-xv49-7846-mhm4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/media-encoder/apsb21-32.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XV4J-6MFG-J9P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-17 00:31 – Updated: 2025-02-17 00:31Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability (CWE-125) was found in CX-Programmer. Attackers may be able to read sensitive information or cause an application crash by abusing this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0591"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-17T00:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability (CWE-125) was found in CX-Programmer. Attackers may be able to read sensitive information or cause an application crash by abusing this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-xv4j-6mfg-j9p6",
"modified": "2025-02-17T00:31:40Z",
"published": "2025-02-17T00:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.fa.omron.co.jp/product/security/assets/pdf/en/OMSR-2025-003_en.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.fa.omron.co.jp/product/security/assets/pdf/ja/OMSR-2025-003_ja.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XV4R-R9FJ-HH6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:50 – Updated: 2025-12-04 21:31file before 5.11 and libmagic allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted Composite Document File (CDF) file that triggers (1) an out-of-bounds read or (2) an invalid pointer dereference.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-1571"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-07-17T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "file before 5.11 and libmagic allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted Composite Document File (CDF) file that triggers (1) an out-of-bounds read or (2) an invalid pointer dereference.",
"id": "GHSA-xv4r-r9fj-hh6h",
"modified": "2025-12-04T21:31:01Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:50:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1571"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/glensc/file/commit/1859fdb4e67c49c463c4e0078054335cd46ba295"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/glensc/file/commit/1aec04dbf8a24b8a6ba64c4f74efa0628e36db0b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mx.gw.com/pipermail/file/2012/000914.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2422"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2012:035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2123-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XV6M-X759-J99F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:30 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:30A vulnerability in SonicOS allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS) on the firewall SSLVPN service by sending a malicious HTTP request that leads to memory addresses leak. This vulnerability affected SonicOS Gen 5 version 5.9.1.7, 5.9.1.13, Gen 6 version 6.5.4.7, 6.5.1.12, 6.0.5.3, SonicOSv 6.5.4.v and Gen 7 version SonicOS 7.0.0.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-5140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-12T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in SonicOS allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS) on the firewall SSLVPN service by sending a malicious HTTP request that leads to memory addresses leak. This vulnerability affected SonicOS Gen 5 version 5.9.1.7, 5.9.1.13, Gen 6 version 6.5.4.7, 6.5.1.12, 6.0.5.3, SonicOSv 6.5.4.v and Gen 7 version SonicOS 7.0.0.0.",
"id": "GHSA-xv6m-x759-j99f",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:30:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2020-0015"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.