Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11787 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VHQ5-X52Q-WX75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:46
VLAI
Details
dwarf1.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29, mishandles pointers, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted ELF file, related to parse_die and parse_line_table, as demonstrated by a parse_die heap-based buffer over-read.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-15020"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-05T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "dwarf1.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29, mishandles pointers, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted ELF file, related to parse_die and parse_line_table, as demonstrated by a parse_die heap-based buffer over-read.",
"id": "GHSA-vhq5-x52q-wx75",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:46:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:43:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-15020"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/10/03/binutils-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-parse_die-dwarf1-c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22202"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git%3Bh=1da5c9a485f3dcac4c45e96ef4b7dae5948314b5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=1da5c9a485f3dcac4c45e96ef4b7dae5948314b5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VHRH-72HQ-W8M7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 17:48 – Updated: 2026-06-11 13:30
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick: Out-of-Bounds Read in connected components when the user supplies an invalid keep-top define
Details
An invalid connected-components:keep-top value could result in a heap buffer over-read when performing the connected components operation.
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.13.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45359"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-129"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-18T17:48:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T22:16:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An invalid `connected-components:keep-top` value could result in a heap buffer over-read when performing the connected components operation.",
"id": "GHSA-vhrh-72hq-w8m7",
"modified": "2026-06-11T13:30:42Z",
"published": "2026-05-18T17:48:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-vhrh-72hq-w8m7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45359"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick: Out-of-Bounds Read in connected components when the user supplies an invalid keep-top define"
}
GHSA-VHV5-3P62-R89R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-10 15:30
VLAI
Details
Adobe Substance 3D Stager versions 2.1.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20715"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-10T13:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Substance 3D Stager versions 2.1.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-vhv5-3p62-r89r",
"modified": "2024-01-10T15:30:20Z",
"published": "2024-01-10T15:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_stager/apsb24-06.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VHW2-FH5W-GGV3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-11 21:31 – Updated: 2024-11-08 00:30
VLAI
Details
In gpu_slc_liveness_update of pixel_gpu_slc.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-11T19:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In gpu_slc_liveness_update of pixel_gpu_slc.c, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-vhw2-fh5w-ggv3",
"modified": "2024-11-08T00:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-03-11T21:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJ32-5QM6-MMVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:53 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:53
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5050"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-20T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader 2018.011.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30080 and earlier, and 2015.006.30418 and earlier versions have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-vj32-5qm6-mmvg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:53:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:53:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-21.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041250"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJ42-7XV9-R62V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2022-06-03 00:00
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, watchOS 7.0, tvOS 14.0, iOS 14.0 and iPadOS 14.0. An application may be able to read restricted memory.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-08T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.0.1, watchOS 7.0, tvOS 14.0, iOS 14.0 and iPadOS 14.0. An application may be able to read restricted memory.",
"id": "GHSA-vj42-7xv9-r62v",
"modified": "2022-06-03T00:00:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:35:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Dec/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2020/Dec/32"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJ42-XQ3R-HR3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-07-27 21:52 – Updated: 2024-10-09 19:45
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds reads in Pillow
Details
In libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.c in Pillow before 7.1.0, there are multiple out-of-bounds reads via a crafted JP2 file.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pillow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10994"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-07-27T21:51:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-25T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In `libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.c` in Pillow before 7.1.0, there are multiple out-of-bounds reads via a crafted JP2 file.",
"id": "GHSA-vj42-xq3r-hr3r",
"modified": "2024-10-09T19:45:01Z",
"published": "2020-07-27T21:52:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10994"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/4505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/4538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/ff60894d697d1992147b791101ad53a8bf1352e4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vj42-xq3r-hr3r"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pillow/PYSEC-2020-79.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/blob/master/docs/releasenotes/7.1.0.rst#security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commits/master/src/libImaging"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BEBCPE4F2VHTIT6EZA2YZQZLPVDEBJGD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/HOKHNWV2VS5GESY7IBD237E7C6T3I427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/7.1.0.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-PYTHON-PILLOW-574575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4430-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4430-2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Out-of-bounds reads in Pillow"
}
GHSA-VJ46-GRQP-F2C2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 03:30 – Updated: 2025-08-06 03:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the devicemanager module. Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54623"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-680"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T02:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the devicemanager module.\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
"id": "GHSA-vj46-grqp-f2c2",
"modified": "2025-08-06T03:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54623"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJ48-MM4H-98QC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:31 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:31
VLAI
Details
Delta Industrial Automation CNCSoft, CNCSoft ScreenEditor Version 1.00.84 and prior. An out-of-bounds read vulnerability may cause the software to crash due to lacking user input validation for processing project files.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6547"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-28T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Delta Industrial Automation CNCSoft, CNCSoft ScreenEditor Version 1.00.84 and prior. An out-of-bounds read vulnerability may cause the software to crash due to lacking user input validation for processing project files.",
"id": "GHSA-vj48-mm4h-98qc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:31:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6547"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-19-050-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107086"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJ4W-GFGG-XVGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05
VLAI
Details
A CWE-125: Out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in disclosure of information or remote code execution due to lack of user-supplied data validation, when a malicious CGF file is imported to IGSS Definition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22756"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A CWE-125: Out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in disclosure of information or remote code execution due to lack of user-supplied data validation, when a malicious CGF file is imported to IGSS Definition.",
"id": "GHSA-vj4w-gfgg-xvgv",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22756"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-159-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.