CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11947 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RPQ6-663M-3MRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18307.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42398"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18307.",
"id": "GHSA-rpq6-663m-3mrv",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:38Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1339"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RPQG-75PV-92C9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-08-28 18:31Nokogiri versions before 1.16.5 bundle libxml2 2.12.6, which is affected by CVE-2024-34459 in libxml2's xmllint tool. Nokogiri 1.16.5 upgrades the bundled libxml2 to 2.12.7 to address this. Per the maintainers, there is no impact to Nokogiri users because Nokogiri does not provide or expose the xmllint tool where the issue occurs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-58377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-427"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T16:16:45Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Nokogiri versions before 1.16.5 bundle libxml2 2.12.6, which is affected by CVE-2024-34459 in libxml2\u0027s xmllint tool. Nokogiri 1.16.5 upgrades the bundled libxml2 to 2.12.7 to address this. Per the maintainers, there is no impact to Nokogiri users because Nokogiri does not provide or expose the xmllint tool where the issue occurs.",
"id": "GHSA-rpqg-75pv-92c9",
"modified": "2026-08-28T18:31:23Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T18:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-r95h-9x8f-r3f7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-58377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/GNOME/libxml2/commit/2876ac53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/commit/2876ac53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nokogiri-before-libxml2-dependency-update"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RPQV-6CFX-PCJ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:59Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8172"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-17T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .",
"id": "GHSA-rpqv-6cfx-pcj7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:59:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:59:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-49.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-RPRP-RQCF-WQV4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-12 21:30 – Updated: 2023-04-12 21:30Adobe Dimension version 3.4.8 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26374"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Dimension version 3.4.8 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-rprp-rqcf-wqv4",
"modified": "2023-04-12T21:30:20Z",
"published": "2023-04-12T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dimension/apsb23-27.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RPXM-RFXP-96QQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 03:30 – Updated: 2025-03-14 03:31lunasvg v2.3.9 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the component composition_solid_source.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33767"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T03:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "lunasvg v2.3.9 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the component composition_solid_source.",
"id": "GHSA-rpxm-rfxp-96qq",
"modified": "2025-03-14T03:31:22Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T03:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33767"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keepinggg/poc/tree/main/poc_of_lunasvg"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RPXX-57Q7-27WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:15 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:15The sh_op() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11384"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-22T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The sh_op() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file.",
"id": "GHSA-rpxx-57q7-27wg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:15:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:15:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11384"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/issues/9903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radare/radare2/commit/77c47cf873dd55b396da60baa2ca83bbd39e4add"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQ2H-X4XH-35W4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 12:31 – Updated: 2025-05-13 12:31A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 (All versions), SINEC NMS (All versions), SINEMA Remote Connect (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V17 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V18 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V19 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V20 (All versions), User Management Component (UMC) (All versions < V2.15.1.1). Affected products contain a out of bound read buffer overflow vulnerability in the integrated UMC component. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30176"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T10:15:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 (All versions), SINEC NMS (All versions), SINEMA Remote Connect (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V17 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V18 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V19 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V20 (All versions), User Management Component (UMC) (All versions \u003c V2.15.1.1). Affected products contain a out of bound read buffer overflow vulnerability in the integrated UMC component. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition.",
"id": "GHSA-rq2h-x4xh-35w4",
"modified": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30176"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-614723.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQ2M-FJRH-FQX7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 03:33 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:32The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.2, visionOS 2.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, Safari 18.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54508"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T02:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 11.2, visionOS 2.2, tvOS 18.2, macOS Sequoia 15.2, Safari 18.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash.",
"id": "GHSA-rq2m-fjrh-fqx7",
"modified": "2026-04-02T21:32:03Z",
"published": "2024-12-12T03:33:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121845"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Dec/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Dec/13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Dec/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Dec/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQ2M-PHMG-C2MQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-13 18:30Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-29832"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T17:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-rq2m-phmg-c2mq",
"modified": "2025-05-13T18:30:54Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T18:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-29832"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-29832"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RQ3V-RQ9J-VRX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 12:30 – Updated: 2023-03-14 12:30A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (All versions < V2201.0006). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted SPP files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-20432)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27405"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-14T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (All versions \u003c V2201.0006). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted SPP files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-20432)",
"id": "GHSA-rq3v-rq9j-vrx2",
"modified": "2023-03-14T12:30:45Z",
"published": "2023-03-14T12:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-847261.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.