CWE-122
AllowedHeap-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().
4427 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WXC2-GRP8-F55H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-20 15:32 – Updated: 2026-07-20 15:32ProFTPD before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the mod_sftp module that allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by sending crafted SFTP packet fragments exceeding the 16 KB reassembly buffer in the fxp.c component. Attackers can supply oversized fragments to trigger an incorrectly conditioned reallocation, corrupt pool freelist metadata, overwrite the root_fs BSS global pointer to reference a fake filesystem struct, and redirect pr_fsio_stat() to system() via a crafted RENAME request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-63090"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-20T15:16:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ProFTPD before 1.3.9c and 1.3.10rc3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the mod_sftp module that allows authenticated low-privilege attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution by sending crafted SFTP packet fragments exceeding the 16 KB reassembly buffer in the fxp.c component. Attackers can supply oversized fragments to trigger an incorrectly conditioned reallocation, corrupt pool freelist metadata, overwrite the root_fs BSS global pointer to reference a fake filesystem struct, and redirect pr_fsio_stat() to system() via a crafted RENAME request.",
"id": "GHSA-wxc2-grp8-f55h",
"modified": "2026-07-20T15:32:09Z",
"published": "2026-07-20T15:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63090"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/issues/2190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/commit/4ee8701bcf425f11b3b2116e634ff3e655d918b1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/blob/master/RELEASE_NOTES"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases/tag/v1.3.10rc3-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proftpd/proftpd/releases/tag/v1.3.9c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/proftpd-mod-sftp-heap-buffer-overflow-via-sftp-packet-reassembly"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WXGW-4G8W-Q999
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-02 15:30 – Updated: 2024-05-02 15:30An out-of-bounds write to heap in the pacparser library on Zscaler Client Connector on Mac may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28798"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-02T13:23:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write to heap in the pacparser library on Zscaler Client Connector on Mac may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-wxgw-4g8w-q999",
"modified": "2024-05-02T15:30:33Z",
"published": "2024-05-02T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.zscaler.com/client-connector/client-connector-app-release-summary-2022?applicable_category=macOS\u0026applicable_version=3.7\u0026deployment_date=2022-08-19\u0026id=1414851"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X252-4R5Q-2HC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-13 00:32 – Updated: 2026-02-13 00:32Prime95 version 29.8 build 6 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the user ID input field that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can craft a malicious payload and paste it into the PrimeNet user ID and proxy host fields to trigger a bind shell on port 3110.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25327"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-12T23:16:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Prime95 version 29.8 build 6 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the user ID input field that allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code. Attackers can craft a malicious payload and paste it into the PrimeNet user ID and proxy host fields to trigger a bind shell on port 3110.",
"id": "GHSA-x252-4r5q-2hc6",
"modified": "2026-02-13T00:32:52Z",
"published": "2026-02-13T00:32:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25327"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mersenne.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/prime-version-build-buffer-overflow-seh"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-X25X-VJRM-H7QQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-31 03:30 – Updated: 2025-12-31 03:30pcap_ether_aton() is an auxiliary function in libpcap, it takes a string argument and returns a fixed-size allocated buffer. The string argument must be a well-formed MAC-48 address in one of the supported formats, but this requirement has been poorly documented. If an application calls the function with an argument that deviates from the expected format, the function can read data beyond the end of the provided string and write data beyond the end of the allocated buffer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11961"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-31T01:15:54Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "pcap_ether_aton() is an auxiliary function in libpcap, it takes a string argument and returns a fixed-size allocated buffer. The string argument must be a well-formed MAC-48 address in one of the supported formats, but this requirement has been poorly documented. If an application calls the function with an argument that deviates from the expected format, the function can read data beyond the end of the provided string and write data beyond the end of the allocated buffer.",
"id": "GHSA-x25x-vjrm-h7qq",
"modified": "2025-12-31T03:30:34Z",
"published": "2025-12-31T03:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11961"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/libpcap/commit/b2d2f9a9a0581c40780bde509f7cc715920f1c02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X273-GR5C-73W4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-11 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-11 18:32Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Streaming Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24067"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-11T17:16:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Streaming Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-x273-gr5c-73w4",
"modified": "2025-03-11T18:32:17Z",
"published": "2025-03-11T18:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24067"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X282-2JWX-HVGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-18 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-27 00:01Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-17T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 8.2.",
"id": "GHSA-x282-2jwx-hvgg",
"modified": "2022-05-27T00:01:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-18T00:00:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/60ae0e71490c97f2871a6344aca61cacf220f813"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/6ff03b27-472b-4bef-a2bf-410fae65ff0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BFAZTAT5CZC2R6KYDYA2HBAVEDSIX6MW"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/IUPOLEX5GXC733HL4EFYMHFU7NISJJZG"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QKIX5HYKWXWG6QBCPPTPQ53GNOFHSAIS"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X2F5-4PRF-W687
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-23 19:48 – Updated: 2026-07-23 19:48Summary
JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, io) can write past the
internal JSON generator buffer when a streamed object contains an
attacker-controlled string near 16 KB. The issue is a heap out-of-bounds write
in the IO-streaming path and is demonstrated as a reliable process crash /
denial of service.
This was triaged on HackerOne as report #3785370. The issue was confirmed there and I was asked to open it here.
Details
Root cause is in ext/json/fbuffer/fbuffer.h, fbuffer_do_inc_capa().
On the IO path, the buffer is grown to FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE (16383), but the
early return checks total capacity instead of remaining capacity:
if (RB_UNLIKELY(fb->io)) {
if (fb->capa < FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE) {
fbuffer_realloc(fb, FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
} else {
fbuffer_flush(fb);
}
if (RB_LIKELY(requested < fb->capa)) {
return;
}
}
If fb->len already contains JSON syntax bytes, and a string flush has
16383 - fb->len <= requested < 16383, this check returns even though there is
not enough space left. fbuffer_append_reserved() then writes past the buffer:
MEMCPY(fb->ptr + fb->len, newstr, char, len);
The minimal fix is to compare against the remaining capacity:
- if (RB_LIKELY(requested < fb->capa)) {
+ if (RB_LIKELY(requested <= fb->capa - fb->len)) {
return;
}
PoC
require "json"
require "stringio"
io = StringIO.new
big = "a" * 16385
big[16382] = '"' # escapable byte near the buffer boundary
JSON.dump([big], io)
Verified results:
Ruby 4.0.5 / bundled json 2.18.0:
malloc(): invalid size (unsorted)
.../json/common.rb:956: [BUG] Aborted
ruby/ruby master c78418b7a0 / json 2.19.8 / ASan:
heap-buffer-overflow WRITE of size 16382
fbuffer_append_reserved ext/json/fbuffer/fbuffer.h:145
search_flush ext/json/generator/generator.c:139
convert_UTF8_to_JSON ext/json/generator/generator.c:231
raw_generate_json_string ext/json/generator/generator.c:922
cState_m_generate ext/json/generator/generator.c:1891
Control: the same data through JSON.dump([big]) without an IO argument returns
normally. The bug is specific to the IO-streaming path.
Impact
A remote attacker can trigger a heap out-of-bounds write if they control a
string field that an application serializes through JSON.dump(obj, io) or
JSON::State#generate(obj, io). The demonstrated impact is reliable denial of
service. I am not claiming code execution or information disclosure.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "json"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.19.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-54696"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-131",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-23T19:48:08Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:28Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\n`JSON.dump(obj, io)` and `JSON::State#generate(obj, io)` can write past the\ninternal JSON generator buffer when a streamed object contains an\nattacker-controlled string near 16 KB. The issue is a heap out-of-bounds write\nin the IO-streaming path and is demonstrated as a reliable process crash /\ndenial of service.\n\nThis was triaged on HackerOne as report #3785370. The issue was confirmed there\nand I was asked to open it here.\n\n### Details\n\nRoot cause is in `ext/json/fbuffer/fbuffer.h`, `fbuffer_do_inc_capa()`.\n\nOn the IO path, the buffer is grown to `FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE` (16383), but the\nearly return checks total capacity instead of remaining capacity:\n\n```c\nif (RB_UNLIKELY(fb-\u003eio)) {\n if (fb-\u003ecapa \u003c FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE) {\n fbuffer_realloc(fb, FBUFFER_IO_BUFFER_SIZE);\n } else {\n fbuffer_flush(fb);\n }\n\n if (RB_LIKELY(requested \u003c fb-\u003ecapa)) {\n return;\n }\n}\n```\n\nIf `fb-\u003elen` already contains JSON syntax bytes, and a string flush has\n`16383 - fb-\u003elen \u003c= requested \u003c 16383`, this check returns even though there is\nnot enough space left. `fbuffer_append_reserved()` then writes past the buffer:\n\n```c\nMEMCPY(fb-\u003eptr + fb-\u003elen, newstr, char, len);\n```\n\nThe minimal fix is to compare against the remaining capacity:\n\n```diff\n- if (RB_LIKELY(requested \u003c fb-\u003ecapa)) {\n+ if (RB_LIKELY(requested \u003c= fb-\u003ecapa - fb-\u003elen)) {\n return;\n }\n```\n\n### PoC\n\n```ruby\nrequire \"json\"\nrequire \"stringio\"\n\nio = StringIO.new\nbig = \"a\" * 16385\nbig[16382] = \u0027\"\u0027 # escapable byte near the buffer boundary\n\nJSON.dump([big], io)\n```\n\nVerified results:\n\n```text\nRuby 4.0.5 / bundled json 2.18.0:\nmalloc(): invalid size (unsorted)\n.../json/common.rb:956: [BUG] Aborted\n\nruby/ruby master c78418b7a0 / json 2.19.8 / ASan:\nheap-buffer-overflow WRITE of size 16382\n fbuffer_append_reserved ext/json/fbuffer/fbuffer.h:145\n search_flush ext/json/generator/generator.c:139\n convert_UTF8_to_JSON ext/json/generator/generator.c:231\n raw_generate_json_string ext/json/generator/generator.c:922\n cState_m_generate ext/json/generator/generator.c:1891\n```\n\nControl: the same data through `JSON.dump([big])` without an IO argument returns\nnormally. The bug is specific to the IO-streaming path.\n\n### Impact\n\nA remote attacker can trigger a heap out-of-bounds write if they control a\nstring field that an application serializes through `JSON.dump(obj, io)` or\n`JSON::State#generate(obj, io)`. The demonstrated impact is reliable denial of\nservice. I am not claiming code execution or information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-x2f5-4prf-w687",
"modified": "2026-07-23T19:48:08Z",
"published": "2026-07-23T19:48:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json/security/advisories/GHSA-x2f5-4prf-w687"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54696"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json/commit/996bac686d64e4e3aaeae03b14a7f9ee9695ebdb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ruby/json/releases/tag/v2.19.9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/json/CVE-2026-54696.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Ruby json: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO"
}
GHSA-X2HX-42X5-G535
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:30A heap buffer overflow in the Opus audio stream parser component of GPAC MP4Box v2.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted MP4 file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-55661"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T20:16:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A heap buffer overflow in the Opus audio stream parser component of GPAC MP4Box v2.4 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted MP4 file.",
"id": "GHSA-x2hx-42x5-g535",
"modified": "2026-06-15T21:30:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://infosec.exchange/@sigdevel/116733907390103029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/06/13/13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X2WR-F89P-CQWH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-19 12:30 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35XML::Parser versions through 2.47 for Perl has an off-by-one heap buffer overflow in st_serial_stack.
In the case (stackptr == stacksize - 1), the stack will NOT be expanded. Then the new value will be written at location (++stackptr), which equals stacksize and therefore falls just outside the allocated buffer.
The bug can be observed when parsing an XML file with very deep element nesting
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-10003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-193"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-19T12:16:17Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "XML::Parser versions through 2.47 for Perl has an off-by-one heap buffer overflow in st_serial_stack.\n\nIn the case (stackptr == stacksize - 1), the stack will NOT be expanded. Then the new value will be written at location (++stackptr), which equals stacksize and therefore falls just outside the allocated buffer.\n\nThe bug can be observed when parsing an XML file with very deep element nesting",
"id": "GHSA-x2wr-f89p-cqwh",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:56Z",
"published": "2026-03-19T12:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-10003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cpan-authors/XML-Parser/issues/39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cpan-authors/XML-Parser/commit/3eb9cc95420fa0c3f76947c4708962546bf27cfd.patch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2006/cve-2006-10003.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rt.cpan.org/Ticket/Display.html?id=19860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/04/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2448999"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2006-10003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9246"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8609"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8608"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7681"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7680"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/19/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X332-7VGM-8PP2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-19 03:30 – Updated: 2025-05-19 03:30A malicious actor with access to the management network could execute a remote code execution (RCE) by exploiting a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the UniFi Protect Cameras (Version 4.75.43 and earlier) firmware.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23123"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-19T02:15:17Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A malicious actor with access to the management network could execute a remote code execution (RCE) by exploiting a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the UniFi Protect Cameras (Version 4.75.43 and earlier) firmware.",
"id": "GHSA-x332-7vgm-8pp2",
"modified": "2025-05-19T03:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-05-19T03:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-047-047/cef86c37-7421-44fd-b251-84e76475a5bc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Pre-design: Use a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Look for their safe equivalent, which checks for the boundary.
Mitigation
Use OS-level preventative functionality. This is not a complete solution, but it provides some defense in depth.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.