Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

Published

2024-03-31 18:20

Modified

2026-09-08 08:34

Summary

Lack of media type verification of Activity Streams objects allows impersonation of remote accounts

Details

Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19, when fetching remote statuses, Mastodon doesn't check that the response from the remote server has a Content-Type header value of the Activity Streams media type, which allows a threat actor to upload a crafted Activity Streams document to a remote server and make a Mastodon server fetch it, if the remote server accepts arbitrary user uploads. The vulnerability allows a threat actor to impersonate an account on a remote server that satisfies all of the following properties: allows the attacker to register an account; accepts arbitrary user-uploaded documents and places them on the same domain as the ActivityPub actors; and serves user-uploaded document in response to requests with an Accept header value of the Activity Streams media type. Versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19 contain a fix for this issue.

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "mastodon",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/mastodon"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.5.19"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.15"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "4.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.15"
            },
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.2.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
          "type": "CVSS_V3"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-25623"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:joinmastodon:mastodon:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19, when fetching remote statuses, Mastodon doesn\u0027t check that the response from the remote server has a `Content-Type` header value of the Activity Streams media type, which allows a threat actor to upload a crafted Activity Streams document to a remote server and make a Mastodon server fetch it, if the remote server accepts arbitrary user uploads. The vulnerability allows a threat actor to impersonate an account on a remote server that satisfies all of the following properties: allows the attacker to register an account; accepts arbitrary user-uploaded documents and places them on the same domain as the ActivityPub actors; and serves user-uploaded document in response to requests with an `Accept` header value of the Activity Streams media type. Versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19 contain a fix for this issue.",
  "id": "BIT-mastodon-2024-25623",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T08:34:36.952Z",
  "published": "2024-03-31T18:20:59.562Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5e852669e26f970e278021302e1a203fc022"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25623"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.5.0",
  "summary": "Lack of media type verification of Activity Streams objects allows impersonation of remote accounts"
}

CVE-2024-25623 (GCVE-0-2024-25623)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-19 15:28 – Updated: 2024-08-01 23:44

Title

Lack of media type verification of Activity Streams objects allows impersonation of remote accounts

Summary

Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19, when fetching remote statuses, Mastodon doesn't check that the response from the remote server has a `Content-Type` header value of the Activity Streams media type, which allows a threat actor to upload a crafted Activity Streams document to a remote server and make a Mastodon server fetch it, if the remote server accepts arbitrary user uploads. The vulnerability allows a threat actor to impersonate an account on a remote server that satisfies all of the following properties: allows the attacker to register an account; accepts arbitrary user-uploaded documents and places them on the same domain as the ActivityPub actors; and serves user-uploaded document in response to requests with an `Accept` header value of the Activity Streams media type. Versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19 contain a fix for this issue.

Severity

8.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-02-20 18:34 UTC

CWE

CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
mastodon	mastodon	Affected: < 3.5.19 Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.15 Affected: >= 4.1.0, < 4.1.15 Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.2.7

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-25623",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-02-20T18:34:37.609043Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-07-05T17:21:47.723Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T23:44:09.828Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5e852669e26f970e278021302e1a203fc022",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5e852669e26f970e278021302e1a203fc022"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "mastodon",
          "vendor": "mastodon",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 3.5.19"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.0.0, \u003c 4.0.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.1.0, \u003c 4.1.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 4.2.0, \u003c 4.2.7"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub. Prior to versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19, when fetching remote statuses, Mastodon doesn\u0027t check that the response from the remote server has a `Content-Type` header value of the Activity Streams media type, which allows a threat actor to upload a crafted Activity Streams document to a remote server and make a Mastodon server fetch it, if the remote server accepts arbitrary user uploads. The vulnerability allows a threat actor to impersonate an account on a remote server that satisfies all of the following properties: allows the attacker to register an account; accepts arbitrary user-uploaded documents and places them on the same domain as the ActivityPub actors; and serves user-uploaded document in response to requests with an `Accept` header value of the Activity Streams media type. Versions 4.2.7, 4.1.15, 4.0.15, and 3.5.19 contain a fix for this issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 8.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "CHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-434",
              "description": "CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-02-19T15:28:15.296Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/security/advisories/GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5e852669e26f970e278021302e1a203fc022",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/commit/9fee5e852669e26f970e278021302e1a203fc022"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-jhrq-qvrm-qr36",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Lack of media type verification of Activity Streams objects allows impersonation of remote accounts"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-25623",
    "datePublished": "2024-02-19T15:28:15.296Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-02-08T22:26:33.511Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T23:44:09.828Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.