Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb
Published
2025-04-14 11:55
Modified
2026-09-08 08:34
Summary
ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)
Details

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "gitlab",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/gitlab"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "17.9.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "type": "CVSS_V4"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25291"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
      "cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "Critical"
  },
  "details": "ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.",
  "id": "BIT-gitlab-2025-25291",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T08:34:36.952Z",
  "published": "2025-04-14T11:55:18.579Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9"
    },
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97"
    },
    {
      "type": "ARTICLE",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ARTICLE",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43374519"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25291"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0010/"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-329_GHSL-2024-330_ruby-saml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.6.2",
  "summary": "ruby-saml vulnerable to SAML authentication bypass due to DOCTYPE handling (parser differential)"
}



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