CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8268 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XVCG-CRX7-QCJV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-19 18:31 – Updated: 2025-06-05 15:31Weaver Ecology v9* was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48070"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-19T18:15:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Weaver Ecology v9* was discovered to contain a SQL injection vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-xvcg-crx7-qcjv",
"modified": "2025-06-05T15:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-11-19T18:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/CoinIsMoney/ec863c35dfd05c7deea2afea11bf2446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/stuven1989/TemporaryGuild/blob/main/files/exp2-eng.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVCW-283X-R7PW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-14 00:00 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Commvault CommCell 11.22.22. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed. The specific flaw exists within the DataProvider class. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before executing it as JavaScript code. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escape the JavaScript sandbox and execute Java code in the context of NETWORK SERVICE. Was ZDI-CAN-13755.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34994"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Commvault CommCell 11.22.22. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed. The specific flaw exists within the DataProvider class. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before executing it as JavaScript code. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escape the JavaScript sandbox and execute Java code in the context of NETWORK SERVICE. Was ZDI-CAN-13755.",
"id": "GHSA-xvcw-283x-r7pw",
"modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2022-01-14T00:00:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34994"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-1329"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XVMH-25JW-GMMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 06:31 – Updated: 2026-01-26 17:41A flaw was found in Moodle. An attacker with access to the restore interface could trigger server-side execution of arbitrary code. This is due to insufficient validation of restore input, which leads to unintended interpretation by core restore routines. Successful exploitation could result in a full compromise of the Moodle application.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.1.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.5.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.2.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67847"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-23T16:29:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T05:16:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Moodle. An attacker with access to the restore interface could trigger server-side execution of arbitrary code. This is due to insufficient validation of restore input, which leads to unintended interpretation by core restore routines. Successful exploitation could result in a full compromise of the Moodle application.",
"id": "GHSA-xvmh-25jw-gmmm",
"modified": "2026-01-26T17:41:32Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T06:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67847"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=471297#p1892199"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle affected by a code injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-XVMR-7GCH-7VHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:22 – Updated: 2025-04-03 03:51PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include_once.php in osCommerce (a.k.a. Exchange Project) 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via the include_file parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2002-2019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2002-12-31T05:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include_once.php in osCommerce (a.k.a. Exchange Project) 2.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via the include_file parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-xvmr-7gch-7vhc",
"modified": "2025-04-03T03:51:00Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:22:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2002-2019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2002-06/0188.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.iss.net/security_center/static/9369.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oscommerce.com/about.php/news%2C72"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oscommerce.com/about.php/news,72"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/5037"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XVP8-F489-JC35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:05 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:05The installer in ICZ MATCHA SNS before 1.3.7 does not properly configure the database, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5644"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-10-06T01:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The installer in ICZ MATCHA SNS before 1.3.7 does not properly configure the database, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-xvp8-f489-jc35",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:05:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:05:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5644"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN08535069/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000145"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://oss.icz.co.jp/news/?p=1075"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XVR6-M6GQ-M42F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:39 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:39SAP Cloud Connector, before version 2.11.3, allows an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0247"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-08T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "SAP Cloud Connector, before version 2.11.3, allows an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-xvr6-m6gq-m42f",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:39:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:39:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0247"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2696233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=509151985"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XW4M-J84H-5G2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:27 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:27A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the install functionality of OS4Ed openSIS 7.4. The password variable which is set at line 122 in install/Step5.php allows for injection of PHP code into the Data.php file that it writes. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-01T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the install functionality of OS4Ed openSIS 7.4. The password variable which is set at line 122 in install/Step5.php allows for injection of PHP code into the Data.php file that it writes. An attacker can send an HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-xw4m-j84h-5g2x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:27:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:27:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2020-1083"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XW88-2QQF-J4GV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:31 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:31PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in upload/common/footer.php in Ossigeno CMS 2.2 alpha3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the level parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-10-05T23:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in upload/common/footer.php in Ossigeno CMS 2.2 alpha3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the level parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-xw88-2qqf-j4gv",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:31:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/36949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4483"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nicenamecrew.com/exploits/Ossigeno-script.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25924"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XW8F-MR3M-9H4C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-13 21:31HMS Networks Ewon Flexy with firmware before 15.0s4, Cosy+ with firmware 22.xx before 22.1s6, and Cosy+ with firmware 23.xx before 23.0s3 have improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command allowing remote code execution by attackers with low privilege access on the gateway, provided the attacker has credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25817"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:54:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HMS Networks Ewon Flexy with firmware before 15.0s4, Cosy+ with firmware 22.xx before 22.1s6, and Cosy+ with firmware 23.xx before 23.0s3 have improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command allowing remote code execution by attackers with low privilege access on the gateway, provided the attacker has credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-xw8f-mr3m-9h4c",
"modified": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25817"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hmsnetworks.blob.core.windows.net/nlw/docs/default-source/products/cybersecurity/security-advisory/hms-security-advisory-2026-03-09-001---ewon-several-flexy-and-cosy--vulnerabilities.pdf?sfvrsn=f7c027b8_13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hms-networks.com/p/flexy20500-00ma-ewon-flexy-205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XWGQ-WPMW-6MRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:09 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:09PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in eva/index.php in EVA CMS 2.3.1, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the eva[caminho] parameter to index.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-7183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-09-08T23:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in eva/index.php in EVA CMS 2.3.1, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the eva[caminho] parameter to index.php.",
"id": "GHSA-xwgq-wpmw-6mrx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:09:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:09:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-7183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43437"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstorm.linuxsecurity.com/0806-exploits/evacms-rfi.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29954"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.