Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8358 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-43V5-W42F-65JX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 06:48 – Updated: 2025-04-03 04:28
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and 7 Beta 2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a certain createTextRange call on a checkbox object, which results in a dereference of an invalid table pointer.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2006-1359"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2006-03-23T00:06:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and 7 Beta 2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a certain createTextRange call on a checkbox object, which results in a dereference of an invalid table pointer.",
  "id": "GHSA-43v5-w42f-65jx",
  "modified": "2025-04-03T04:28:52Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T06:48:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-1359"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2006/ms06-013"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/25379"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A1178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A1657"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A1678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A1702"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A985"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2006-03/1427.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2006-03/1430.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2006-03/1434.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/fulldisclosure/2006-03/1662.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/18680"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2006-7/advisory"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1015812"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ciac.org/ciac/bulletins/q-154.shtml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.computerterrorism.com/research/ct22-03-2006"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/876678"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/advisory/917077.mspx"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.osvdb.org/24050"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/428441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/428583/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/428600/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/429088/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/429124/30/6120/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/17196"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA06-101A.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/1050"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/1318"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-43X9-PVMM-PVX5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in NotFound DigiWidgets Image Editor allows Remote Code Inclusion. This issue affects DigiWidgets Image Editor: from n/a through 1.10.

Severity
10.0 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30580"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-01T21:15:44Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in NotFound DigiWidgets Image Editor allows Remote Code Inclusion. This issue affects DigiWidgets Image Editor: from n/a through 1.10.",
  "id": "GHSA-43x9-pvmm-pvx5",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:25Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T21:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30580"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/digiwidgets-image-editor/vulnerability/wordpress-digiwidgets-image-editor-1-10-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-43XJ-HVP7-HP7W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:53 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:53
VLAI
Details

Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in calendar_admin.asp in Full Revolution aspWebCalendar 2008 allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary code via the FILE1 parameter in an uploadfileprocess action, probably followed by a direct request to the file in calendar/eventimages/.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-2832"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-06-24T19:41:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unrestricted file upload vulnerability in calendar_admin.asp in Full Revolution aspWebCalendar 2008 allows remote attackers to upload and execute arbitrary code via the FILE1 parameter in an uploadfileprocess action, probably followed by a direct request to the file in calendar/eventimages/.",
  "id": "GHSA-43xj-hvp7-hp7w",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:53:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:53:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2832"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43201"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://downloads.securityfocus.com/vulnerabilities/exploits/29795.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29795"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-442M-4J9Q-HHM9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 02:25 – Updated: 2022-05-01 02:25
VLAI
Details

WorldClient webmail in Alt-N MDaemon 8.1.3 allows remote attackers to prevent arbitrary users from accessing their inboxes via script tags in the Subject header of an e-mail message, which prevents the user from being able to access the Inbox folder, possibly due to a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2005-4209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2005-12-13T11:03:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "WorldClient webmail in Alt-N MDaemon 8.1.3 allows remote attackers to prevent arbitrary users from accessing their inboxes via script tags in the Subject header of an e-mail message, which prevents the user from being able to access the Inbox folder, possibly due to a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-442m-4j9q-hhm9",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T02:25:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T02:25:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2005-4209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/23551"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/17990"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ipomonis.com/advisories/mdaemon.zip"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/15815"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-444R-2WHX-3685

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-10 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 20:49
VLAI
Summary
Sentry: Superusers can execute arbitrary commands by injecting malicious pickle-serialized objects through audit log entry data parameter
Details

Sentry 8.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated superusers to execute arbitrary commands by injecting malicious pickle-serialized objects through the audit log entry data parameter. Attackers can submit crafted POST requests to the admin audit log endpoint with base64-encoded compressed pickle payloads in the data field to achieve code execution with application privileges.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "sentry"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "sentry"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "8.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-47935"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-09T20:49:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-10T13:16:29Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Sentry 8.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows authenticated superusers to execute arbitrary commands by injecting malicious pickle-serialized objects through the audit log entry data parameter. Attackers can submit crafted POST requests to the admin audit log endpoint with base64-encoded compressed pickle payloads in the data field to achieve code execution with application privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-444r-2whx-3685",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T20:49:59Z",
  "published": "2026-05-10T15:31:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry/commit/19a0ba63d9ffb6aff79c7b78e2fa951a94edd61a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry/commit/1f6090dc64b237c3da22bf35a5863a7136ac4669"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/sentry/PYSEC-2026-131.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sentry.io/welcome"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50318"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sentry-remote-code-execution-via-pickle-deserialization"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Sentry: Superusers can execute arbitrary commands by injecting malicious pickle-serialized objects through audit log entry data parameter"
}

GHSA-446C-58C3-Q6JP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19
VLAI
Details

IBM WebSphere Commerce 9.0.0.0 through 9.0.0.6 could allow some server-side code injection due to inadequate input control. IBM X-Force ID: 149828.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1808"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-11-13T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM WebSphere Commerce 9.0.0.0 through 9.0.0.6 could allow some server-side code injection due to inadequate input control. IBM X-Force ID: 149828.",
  "id": "GHSA-446c-58c3-q6jp",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:19:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1808"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/149828"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10735905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042034"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-447V-97C3-8W6X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:16
VLAI
Details

The client in iPass Open Mobile before 2.4.5 on Windows allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a DLL pathname in a crafted Unicode string that is improperly handled by a subprocess reached through a named pipe, as demonstrated by a UNC share pathname.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-0925"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-01-22T14:02:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The client in iPass Open Mobile before 2.4.5 on Windows allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via a DLL pathname in a crafted Unicode string that is improperly handled by a subprocess reached through a named pipe, as demonstrated by a UNC share pathname.",
  "id": "GHSA-447v-97c3-8w6x",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:16:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:16:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0925"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/110652"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-44G8-Q969-2XJ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:09 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:09
VLAI
Details

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/template.php in Uiga Proxy, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the content parameter.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-1528"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2010-04-26T18:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/template.php in Uiga Proxy, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the content parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-44g8-q969-2xj9",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:09:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:09:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/57515"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/39313"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/12049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.osvdb.org/63528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/39365"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-44GX-XMFM-5XJV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:28 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:28
VLAI
Details

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in VisionBurst vcart 3.3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the abs_path parameter to (1) index.php and (2) checkout.php.

Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-0287"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-01-16T02:00:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in VisionBurst vcart 3.3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the abs_path parameter to (1) index.php and (2) checkout.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-44gx-xmfm-5xjv",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:28:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:28:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-0287"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/39616"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4889"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28424"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27231"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-44HJ-4M45-FRJ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 16:32 – Updated: 2026-06-26 16:32
VLAI
Summary
Fluentd is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Arbitrary File Write in `${tag}` Placeholder
Details

Fluentd allows dynamically constructing file paths using the ${tag} placeholder. It was discovered that validation for this placeholder was insufficient.

If a Fluentd instance is configured to receive logs from untrusted sources and uses the ${tag} placeholder in file configurations (such as the path parameter in the out_file plugin), an attacker can inject path traversal characters (e.g., ../).

When combined with certain formatting options, this vulnerability allows an attacker to write arbitrary files or overwrite existing files on the system with attacker-controlled content, bypassing intended directory restrictions.

Impact

This vulnerability allows for Arbitrary File Write, which can be directly escalated to full Remote Code Execution (RCE). An attacker could achieve RCE by overwriting critical system files, injecting executable plugins, or modifying configuration files. The impact is Critical as it can lead to full system compromise without any authentication, depending on the Fluentd configuration and the privileges of the Fluentd process.

Patches

v1.19.3

Workarounds

If an immediate upgrade is not possible, users are strongly advised to apply the following mitigations:

  1. Restrict Network Access
  2. Ensure that Fluentd input ports (such as in_forward on default port 24224) are deployed within a closed, trusted network. Use firewall rules (e.g., iptables, AWS Security Groups) to block access from untrusted networks or instances.
  3. Run Fluentd as a non-root user
  4. Dropping privileges prevents Fluentd from writing to sensitive system directories (e.g., /etc/), significantly mitigating the risk of system-wide RCE.
  5. Revise configurations
  6. Do not use the ${tag} placeholder in the path parameter of output plugins (like out_file) if the tag originates from an untrusted source.
  7. Filter incoming tags
  8. Strictly validate and filter incoming tags at the input layer (e.g., using fluent-plugin-rewrite-tag-filter) to drop any tags containing . or / characters.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.19.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "fluentd"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.19.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44024"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-26T16:32:05Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Fluentd allows dynamically constructing file paths using the `${tag}` placeholder.\nIt was discovered that validation for this placeholder was insufficient.\n\nIf a Fluentd instance is configured to receive logs from untrusted sources and uses the `${tag}` placeholder in file configurations (such as the `path` parameter in the `out_file` plugin), an attacker can inject path traversal characters (e.g., `../`).\n\nWhen combined with certain formatting options, this vulnerability allows an attacker to write arbitrary files or overwrite existing files on the system with attacker-controlled content, bypassing intended directory restrictions.\n\n### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows for **Arbitrary File Write**, which can be directly escalated to full **Remote Code Execution (RCE)**.\nAn attacker could achieve RCE by overwriting critical system files, injecting executable plugins, or modifying configuration files.\nThe impact is Critical as it can lead to full system compromise without any authentication, depending on the Fluentd configuration and the privileges of the Fluentd process.\n\n### Patches\nv1.19.3\n\n### Workarounds\nIf an immediate upgrade is not possible, users are strongly advised to apply the following mitigations:\n\n1. Restrict Network Access\n   * Ensure that Fluentd input ports (such as `in_forward` on default port `24224`) are deployed within a closed, trusted network. Use firewall rules (e.g., iptables, AWS Security Groups) to block access from untrusted networks or instances.\n2. Run Fluentd as a non-root user\n   * Dropping privileges prevents Fluentd from writing to sensitive system directories (e.g., `/etc/`), significantly mitigating the risk of system-wide RCE.\n3. Revise configurations\n   * Do not use the `${tag}` placeholder in the `path` parameter of output plugins (like `out_file`) if the tag originates from an untrusted source.\n4. Filter incoming tags\n   * Strictly validate and filter incoming tags at the input layer (e.g., using `fluent-plugin-rewrite-tag-filter`) to drop any tags containing `.` or `/` characters.",
  "id": "GHSA-44hj-4m45-frj3",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T16:32:05Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T16:32:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fluent/fluentd/security/advisories/GHSA-44hj-4m45-frj3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/fluent/fluentd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fluent/fluentd/releases/tag/v1.19.3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Fluentd is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Arbitrary File Write in `${tag}` Placeholder"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

← Back to the CWE list