CWE-863
Allowed-with-ReviewIncorrect Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.
6365 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WQXF-2HRV-JRWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-07 00:31 – Updated: 2026-08-07 00:31The Passster WordPress plugin before 4.3.7 does not restrict low-privilege users holding the edit_posts capability from reading globally password-protected content through the WordPress core REST API when global protection is enabled, allowing any Contributor or higher to read the content of protected pages and posts without knowing the password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-06T22:16:41Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "The Passster WordPress plugin before 4.3.7 does not restrict low-privilege users holding the edit_posts capability from reading globally password-protected content through the WordPress core REST API when global protection is enabled, allowing any Contributor or higher to read the content of protected pages and posts without knowing the password.",
"id": "GHSA-wqxf-2hrv-jrwq",
"modified": "2026-08-07T00:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-08-07T00:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/1bcf4ddd-ce9c-40bc-80f7-54ad9f23f39a"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WQXV-W64V-5WH6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-06 21:11 – Updated: 2026-07-07 22:17Summary
AI Bridge proxy endpoints authenticate via Server.IsAuthorized in coderd/aibridgedserver, which validates key format, expiry, secret and deleted or system users but does not check whether the account is suspended. Because suspension does not revoke existing API keys, a suspended user's unexpired token keeps working.
Note: Practical impact is limited to already-issued API keys of suspended users until those keys are deleted.
Impact
A suspended user with a previously issued long-lived token could continue calling AI Bridge LLM proxy endpoints, consuming paid provider resources billed to the deployment and, if injected MCP tools are enabled, invoking those tools. Access persists until the token expires, which may be months after suspension.
Patches
The fix makes AI Bridge authorization reject non-active users like the standard API key middleware. AI Bridge was introduced in v2.30.0. The v2.29 ESR line is not affected.
The fix is available in the following releases:
| Release line | Patched version |
|---|---|
| 2.34 | v2.34.2 |
| 2.33 | v2.33.8 |
| 2.32 | v2.32.7 |
Workarounds
On suspension, delete the user's API keys via DELETE /api/v2/users/{user}/keys.
Resources
- Fix: #26173
Credits
Coder would like to thank Anthropic's Security Team (ANT-2026-22446) for independently disclosing this issue!
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.34.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.34.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.33.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.33.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.30.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.32.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55435"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-06T21:11:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-07T19:16:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nAI Bridge proxy endpoints authenticate via `Server.IsAuthorized` in `coderd/aibridgedserver`, which validates key format, expiry, secret and deleted or system users but does not check whether the account is suspended. Because suspension does not revoke existing API keys, a suspended user\u0027s unexpired token keeps working.\n\n\u003e **Note:** Practical impact is limited to already-issued API keys of suspended users until those keys are deleted.\n\n### Impact\n\nA suspended user with a previously issued long-lived token could continue calling AI Bridge LLM proxy endpoints, consuming paid provider resources billed to the deployment and, if injected MCP tools are enabled, invoking those tools. Access persists until the token expires, which may be months after suspension.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix makes AI Bridge authorization reject non-active users like the standard API key middleware. AI Bridge was introduced in v2.30.0. The v2.29 ESR line is not affected.\n\nThe fix is available in the following releases:\n\n| Release line | Patched version |\n|---|---|\n| 2.34 | [v2.34.2](https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.34.2) |\n| 2.33 | [v2.33.8](https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.33.8) |\n| 2.32 | [v2.32.7](https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.32.7) |\n\n### Workarounds\n\nOn suspension, delete the user\u0027s API keys via `DELETE /api/v2/users/{user}/keys`.\n\n### Resources\n\n- Fix: #26173\n\n### Credits\n\nCoder would like to thank Anthropic\u0027s Security Team (ANT-2026-22446) for independently disclosing this issue!",
"id": "GHSA-wqxv-w64v-5wh6",
"modified": "2026-07-07T22:17:57Z",
"published": "2026-07-06T21:11:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/security/advisories/GHSA-wqxv-w64v-5wh6"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55435"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/pull/26164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/pull/26173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/commit/0d2c9f904a8b75b888140fcc8fbf4633660cc787"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.32.7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.33.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.34.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Suspended Coder users retain access to AI Bridge LLM proxy endpoints"
}
GHSA-WQXX-GQ9H-PV57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-25 12:32 – Updated: 2024-09-11 18:31Logitech Options+ on MacOS prior 1.72 allows a local attacker to inject dynamic library within Options+ runtime and abuse permissions granted by the user to Options+ such as Camera.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8011"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-25T12:15:03Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Logitech Options+ on MacOS prior 1.72 allows a local attacker to inject dynamic library within Options+ runtime and abuse permissions granted by the user to Options+ such as Camera.",
"id": "GHSA-wqxx-gq9h-pv57",
"modified": "2024-09-11T18:31:02Z",
"published": "2024-08-25T12:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hackerone.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR2X-HP98-M8G3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00Dell PowerScale OneFS contains an Unsynchronized Access to Shared Data in a Multithreaded Context in SMB CA handling. An authenticated user of SMB on a cluster with CA could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to a denial of service over SMB.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36305"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-12T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Dell PowerScale OneFS contains an Unsynchronized Access to Shared Data in a Multithreaded Context in SMB CA handling. An authenticated user of SMB on a cluster with CA could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to a denial of service over SMB.",
"id": "GHSA-wr2x-hp98-m8g3",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:20:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36305"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000192046"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR3G-X329-Q53C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-04 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-12 00:01Improper access control vulnerability in Contents To Window prior to SMR May-2022 Release 1 allows physical attacker to install package before completion of Setup wizard. The patch blocks entry point of the vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28782"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-424",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-03T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control vulnerability in Contents To Window prior to SMR May-2022 Release 1 allows physical attacker to install package before completion of Setup wizard. The patch blocks entry point of the vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-wr3g-x329-q53c",
"modified": "2022-05-12T00:01:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-04T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR45-8CQR-J247
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-27 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-29 00:00Inappropriate implementation in WebAuthentication in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1499"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-26T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in WebAuthentication in Google Chrome prior to 101.0.4951.41 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-wr45-8cqr-j247",
"modified": "2022-07-29T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-07-27T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1499"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2022/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_26.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1000408"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-25"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR4R-G543-785X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-24 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-30 00:01A flaw was found in Quarkus. The state and potentially associated permissions can leak from one web request to another in RestEasy Reactive. This flaw allows a low-privileged user to perform operations on the database with a different set of privileges than intended.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-0981"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-23T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in Quarkus. The state and potentially associated permissions can leak from one web request to another in RestEasy Reactive. This flaw allows a low-privileged user to perform operations on the database with a different set of privileges than intended.",
"id": "GHSA-wr4r-g543-785x",
"modified": "2022-03-30T00:01:00Z",
"published": "2022-03-24T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0981"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/quarkusio/quarkus/issues/23269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2062520"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR6G-9WCR-CMQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 12:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 19:10Apache Superset with custom roles that include can write on dataset and without all data access permissions, allows for users to create virtual datasets to data they don't have access to. These users could then use those virtual datasets to get access to unauthorized data.
This issue affects Apache Superset: before 3.0.4, from 3.1.0 before 3.1.1.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.1.1 or 3.0.4, which fixes the issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-superset"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-superset"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-24779"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-28T18:57:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T12:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Apache Superset with custom roles that include `can write on dataset` and without all data access permissions, allows for users to create virtual datasets to data they don\u0027t have access to. These users could then use those virtual datasets to get access to unauthorized data.\nThis issue affects Apache Superset: before 3.0.4, from 3.1.0 before 3.1.1.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 3.1.1 or 3.0.4, which fixes the issue.",
"id": "GHSA-wr6g-9wcr-cmqj",
"modified": "2025-02-13T19:10:00Z",
"published": "2024-02-28T12:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24779"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/superset"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/xzhz1m5bb9zxhyqgoy4q2d689b3zp4pq"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/02/28/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Superset: Improper data authorization when creating a new dataset"
}
GHSA-WR6Q-XV23-RFQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-30 00:00 – Updated: 2024-04-23 23:36Insufficient capability checks made it possible for teachers to download users outside of their courses.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.11"
},
{
"fixed": "3.11.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.10"
},
{
"fixed": "3.10.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.9"
},
{
"fixed": "3.9.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40692"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-23T23:36:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-29T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient capability checks made it possible for teachers to download users outside of their courses.",
"id": "GHSA-wr6q-xv23-rfq9",
"modified": "2024-04-23T23:36:01Z",
"published": "2022-09-30T00:00:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2043414"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle Incorrect Authorization"
}
GHSA-WR6V-9F75-VH2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-31 22:43 – Updated: 2024-05-20 22:06Impact
In addition to running containers as build steps, BuildKit also provides APIs for running interactive containers based on built images. It was possible to use these APIs to ask BuildKit to run a container with elevated privileges. Normally, running such containers is only allowed if special security.insecure entitlement is enabled both by buildkitd configuration and allowed by the user initializing the build request.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in v0.12.5 .
Workarounds
Avoid using BuildKit frontends from untrusted sources. A frontend image is usually specified as the #syntax line on your Dockerfile, or with --frontend flag when using buildctl build command.
References
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/moby/buildkit"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.12.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23653"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-31T22:43:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-31T22:15:54Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIn addition to running containers as build steps, BuildKit also provides APIs for running interactive containers based on built images. It was possible to use these APIs to ask BuildKit to run a container with elevated privileges. Normally, running such containers is only allowed if special `security.insecure` entitlement is enabled both by buildkitd configuration and allowed by the user initializing the build request.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been fixed in v0.12.5 .\n\n### Workarounds\nAvoid using BuildKit frontends from untrusted sources. A frontend image is usually specified as the `#syntax` line on your Dockerfile, or with `--frontend` flag when using `buildctl build` command.\n\n### References\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-wr6v-9f75-vh2g",
"modified": "2024-05-20T22:06:06Z",
"published": "2024-01-31T22:43:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit/security/advisories/GHSA-wr6v-9f75-vh2g"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23653"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit/pull/4602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit/commit/5026d95aa3336e97cfe46e3764f52d08bac7a10e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit/commit/92cc595cfb12891d4b3ae476e067c74250e4b71e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moby/buildkit/releases/tag/v0.12.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Buildkit\u0027s interactive containers API does not validate entitlements check"
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.