Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-863
Allowed-with-ReviewIncorrect Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.
5657 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QFMJ-8V62-HH7X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-05 21:32 – Updated: 2025-03-05 21:32
VLAI
Details
Incorrect authorization in PAM vaults in Devolutions Server 2024.3.12 and earlier allows an authenticated user to bypass the 'add in root' permission.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-05T19:15:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect authorization in PAM vaults in Devolutions Server 2024.3.12 and earlier allows an authenticated user to bypass the \u0027add in root\u0027 permission.",
"id": "GHSA-qfmj-8v62-hh7x",
"modified": "2025-03-05T21:32:13Z",
"published": "2025-03-05T21:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2025-0003"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QFP8-HFQX-C79C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 02:48 – Updated: 2024-11-26 16:56
VLAI
Summary
OpenStack Compute Nova Unauthorised access to arbitrary VM using VNC token from deleted VM
Details
OpenStack Compute (Nova) Grizzly, Folsom (2012.2), and Essex (2012.1) allows remote authenticated users to gain access to a VM in opportunistic circumstances by using the VNC token for a deleted VM that was bound to the same VNC port.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Nova"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "12.0.0a0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-0335"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-09T16:15:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2013-03-22T21:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenStack Compute (Nova) Grizzly, Folsom (2012.2), and Essex (2012.1) allows remote authenticated users to gain access to a VM in opportunistic circumstances by using the VNC token for a deleted VM that was bound to the same VNC port.",
"id": "GHSA-qfp8-hfqx-c79c",
"modified": "2024-11-26T16:56:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T02:48:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-0335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/nova/+bug/1125378"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/nova"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/nova/PYSEC-2013-43.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://review.openstack.org/#/c/22086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://review.openstack.org/#/c/22758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://review.openstack.org/#/c/22872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://github.com/openstack/nova/commit/05a3374992bc8ba53ddc9c491b51c4b59eed0a72"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://github.com/openstack/nova/commit/3b0f4cf6bea33e6ee1893f6e872d968b0c309f88"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://github.com/openstack/nova/commit/48e81f1554ce41c3d4f7445421d19f4a8128e98d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://github.com/openstack/nova/commit/ad94a90202193335f011888db017e557b07faf8a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://github.com/openstack/nova/commit/e98928cf77645fdc309da894f3bd332e99482e0d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0709.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2013/02/26/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1771-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenStack Compute Nova Unauthorised access to arbitrary VM using VNC token from deleted VM"
}
GHSA-QFQQ-FMMM-P2R3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-08 21:30 – Updated: 2026-07-08 21:30
VLAI
Details
GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 16.10 before 18.11.7, 19.0 before 19.0.4, and 19.1 before 19.1.2 that under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user to modify group-level settings beyond their intended permissions due to improper authorization controls.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13151"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-08T21:16:46Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 16.10 before 18.11.7, 19.0 before 19.0.4, and 19.1 before 19.1.2 that under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user to modify group-level settings beyond their intended permissions due to improper authorization controls.",
"id": "GHSA-qfqq-fmmm-p2r3",
"modified": "2026-07-08T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-07-08T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13151"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.gitlab.com/releases/patches/patch-release-gitlab-19-1-2-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/598813"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QFQW-47F9-9JPP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details
An exploitable improper authorization vulnerability exists in miner_stop API of cpp-ethereum's JSON-RPC (commit 4e1015743b95821849d001618a7ce82c7c073768). An attacker can send JSON to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
8.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-19T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An exploitable improper authorization vulnerability exists in miner_stop API of cpp-ethereum\u0027s JSON-RPC (commit 4e1015743b95821849d001618a7ce82c7c073768). An attacker can send JSON to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-qfqw-47f9-9jpp",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:01:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102475"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QFRH-P934-938F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:12
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Joomla! 4.0.0. The media manager does not correctly check the user's permissions before executing a file deletion command.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-26040"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-24T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Joomla! 4.0.0. The media manager does not correctly check the user\u0027s permissions before executing a file deletion command.",
"id": "GHSA-qfrh-p934-938f",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:12:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/861-20210801-core-insufficient-access-control-for-com-media-deletion-endpoint"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QFXW-V8QX-VJ3V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 15:18 – Updated: 2026-06-08 23:48
VLAI
Summary
Ella Core Vulnerable to UE Downlink Redirection via Forged PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse
Details
Summary
A radio with a valid NG Setup can send a forged PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse carrying any UE's AMF-UE-NGAP-ID. Ella Core does not verify the message arrived on the SCTP association bound to that UE's logical NG-connection, then creates a GTP tunnel towards that radio.
Impact
Downlink user-plane traffic for the targeted UE is redirected to the attacker's radio.
Fix
UE context lookups are now scoped to the sending radio's SCTP association.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/ellanetworks/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.10.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44473"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-358",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-11T15:18:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T17:16:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nA radio with a valid NG Setup can send a forged PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse carrying any UE\u0027s AMF-UE-NGAP-ID. Ella Core does not verify the message arrived on the SCTP association bound to that UE\u0027s logical NG-connection, then creates a GTP tunnel towards that radio.\n\n## Impact\n\nDownlink user-plane traffic for the targeted UE is redirected to the attacker\u0027s radio.\n\n## Fix\n\nUE context lookups are now scoped to the sending radio\u0027s SCTP association.",
"id": "GHSA-qfxw-v8qx-vj3v",
"modified": "2026-06-08T23:48:51Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T15:18:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ellanetworks/core/security/advisories/GHSA-qfxw-v8qx-vj3v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44473"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ellanetworks/core"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Ella Core Vulnerable to UE Downlink Redirection via Forged PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse"
}
GHSA-QG4C-F5H3-4H6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:28
VLAI
Details
An Authorization Bypass vulnerability on Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter, affecting version 10.40 and earlier. The vulnerability could allow local attackers on the OBR host to execute code with escalated privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-11855"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-22T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An Authorization Bypass vulnerability on Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter, affecting version 10.40 and earlier. The vulnerability could allow local attackers on the OBR host to execute code with escalated privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-qg4c-f5h3-4h6q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:28:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:28:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11855"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/doc/KM03710590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1217"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QGP3-3RJ7-QQQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 00:31 – Updated: 2026-05-04 21:58
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Discord Slash Commands Bypass Group DM Channel Allowlist
Details
Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-rvvf-6vh3-9j43. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in Discord slash command and autocomplete paths that fail to enforce group DM channel allowlist restrictions. Authorized Discord users can bypass channel restrictions by invoking slash commands, allowing access to restricted group DM channels.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.31"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-04T21:58:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-23T22:16:41Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-rvvf-6vh3-9j43. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in Discord slash command and autocomplete paths that fail to enforce group DM channel allowlist restrictions. Authorized Discord users can bypass channel restrictions by invoking slash commands, allowing access to restricted group DM channels.",
"id": "GHSA-qgp3-3rj7-qqq4",
"modified": "2026-05-04T21:58:42Z",
"published": "2026-04-24T00:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-rvvf-6vh3-9j43"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/8fdb19676ab44cf85d47ee13c578195f2e527591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-group-dm-channel-allowlist-bypass-via-discord-slash-commands"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Discord Slash Commands Bypass Group DM Channel Allowlist",
"withdrawn": "2026-05-04T21:58:42Z"
}
GHSA-QGRQ-CX4C-2RMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-15 01:39 – Updated: 2022-06-24 01:24
VLAI
Summary
Incorrect Authorization in WildFly Elytron
Details
A flaw was found in all supported versions before wildfly-elytron-1.6.8.Final-redhat-00001, where the WildFlySecurityManager checks were bypassed when using custom security managers, resulting in an improper authorization. This flaw leads to information exposure by unauthenticated access to secure resources.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.6.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.wildfly.security:wildfly-elytron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-1748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-24T01:24:56Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-16T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in all supported versions before wildfly-elytron-1.6.8.Final-redhat-00001, where the WildFlySecurityManager checks were bypassed when using custom security managers, resulting in an improper authorization. This flaw leads to information exposure by unauthenticated access to secure resources.",
"id": "GHSA-qgrq-cx4c-2rmm",
"modified": "2022-06-24T01:24:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-15T01:39:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1807707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20201001-0005"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Incorrect Authorization in WildFly Elytron"
}
GHSA-QGX9-6PX9-7P75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-23 18:33 – Updated: 2026-05-04 21:04
VLAI
Summary
Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Assistant media route missed scope enforcement for trusted-proxy authorization
Details
Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-v8qf-fr4g-28p2. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
OpenClaw before 2026.4.20 contains a scope enforcement bypass vulnerability in the assistant-media route that allows trusted-proxy callers without operator.read scope to access protected assistant-media files and metadata. Attackers can bypass identity-bearing HTTP auth path scope validation to retrieve sensitive media content within allowed media roots.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.4.20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-04T21:04:44Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-23T18:16:29Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-v8qf-fr4g-28p2. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.4.20 contains a scope enforcement bypass vulnerability in the assistant-media route that allows trusted-proxy callers without operator.read scope to access protected assistant-media files and metadata. Attackers can bypass identity-bearing HTTP auth path scope validation to retrieve sensitive media content within allowed media roots.",
"id": "GHSA-qgx9-6px9-7p75",
"modified": "2026-05-04T21:04:44Z",
"published": "2026-04-23T18:33:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v8qf-fr4g-28p2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41908"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/99ef3a63c58440d53f8e45ad861b846032fcb036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-scope-enforcement-bypass-in-assistant-media-route"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Assistant media route missed scope enforcement for trusted-proxy authorization",
"withdrawn": "2026-05-04T21:04:44Z"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Installation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.