CWE-863
Allowed-with-ReviewIncorrect Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.
5576 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-48QW-824M-86PR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-16 20:13 – Updated: 2026-07-16 20:13Impact
A user holding only reader (read-only) privileges on a single database could execute arbitrary JVM code by sending a "language": "js" command to the POST /api/v1/command/{database} HTTP endpoint, and use it to read arbitrary files on the host filesystem (e.g. /etc/passwd, configuration files), outside the scope of the database itself.
Two cooperating defects made this possible:
- Missing authorization on the scripting path (CWE-863 / CWE-269). Polyglot script execution (
jsand other GraalVM languages) never went through the database authorization checks applied to SQL/Cypher, so any authenticated principal - regardless of database role - could run scripts. - Sandbox whitelist bypass. The GraalVM sandbox restricts direct class lookups to a configured
allowedPackageslist, but a script could reach arbitrary classes by reflecting off the bounddatabaseobject:database.getClass().getClassLoader().loadClass("java.io.File").
Process creation was already blocked (allowCreateProcess(false)), so the confirmed impact is host file read, not OS command execution. Confidentiality: High. Integrity/Availability: None.
This is a distinct entry point and root cause from CVE-2026-44221, CVE-2026-54076 and CVE-2026-54077, and is reproducible on builds that already contain those fixes.
Patches
The fix is applied in the engine so it covers every entry point (HTTP command, HA-forwarded commands, MCP analyze), not only the HTTP handler:
- Polyglot script execution now requires the
updateSecuritydatabase-administrator permission oncommand,analyzeandregisterFunctions. The check runs on the request thread that carries the authenticated user and is a no-op in embedded mode and internal/system contexts (schema load, HA replication apply). - The GraalVM host-access policy now denies access to
java.lang.Class,java.lang.ClassLoaderandjava.lang.reflectmembers, closing the reflection escape that bypassedallowedPackages- even for authorized administrators - while leaving normal method calls on bound objects and explicitJava.type(...)lookups (governed byallowedPackages) working.
Workarounds
Until upgraded, do not grant command/query access on the HTTP API to untrusted users, and treat any account that can reach /api/v1/command as capable of code execution. Note that after the fix, non-administrator accounts can no longer run js/polyglot scripts over HTTP.
Credit
Reported by @kyojune76.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.arcadedb:arcadedb-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "26.7.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-269",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-16T20:13:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA user holding only `reader` (read-only) privileges on a single database could execute arbitrary JVM code by sending a `\"language\": \"js\"` command to the `POST /api/v1/command/{database}` HTTP endpoint, and use it to read arbitrary files on the host filesystem (e.g. `/etc/passwd`, configuration files), outside the scope of the database itself.\n\nTwo cooperating defects made this possible:\n\n1. **Missing authorization on the scripting path (CWE-863 / CWE-269).** Polyglot script execution (`js` and other GraalVM languages) never went through the database authorization checks applied to SQL/Cypher, so any authenticated principal - regardless of database role - could run scripts.\n2. **Sandbox whitelist bypass.** The GraalVM sandbox restricts direct class lookups to a configured `allowedPackages` list, but a script could reach arbitrary classes by reflecting off the bound `database` object: `database.getClass().getClassLoader().loadClass(\"java.io.File\")`.\n\nProcess creation was already blocked (`allowCreateProcess(false)`), so the confirmed impact is host **file read**, not OS command execution. Confidentiality: High. Integrity/Availability: None.\n\nThis is a distinct entry point and root cause from CVE-2026-44221, CVE-2026-54076 and CVE-2026-54077, and is reproducible on builds that already contain those fixes.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix is applied in the engine so it covers every entry point (HTTP command, HA-forwarded commands, MCP `analyze`), not only the HTTP handler:\n\n- Polyglot script execution now requires the `updateSecurity` database-administrator permission on `command`, `analyze` and `registerFunctions`. The check runs on the request thread that carries the authenticated user and is a no-op in embedded mode and internal/system contexts (schema load, HA replication apply).\n- The GraalVM host-access policy now denies access to `java.lang.Class`, `java.lang.ClassLoader` and `java.lang.reflect` members, closing the reflection escape that bypassed `allowedPackages` - even for authorized administrators - while leaving normal method calls on bound objects and explicit `Java.type(...)` lookups (governed by `allowedPackages`) working.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUntil upgraded, do not grant command/query access on the HTTP API to untrusted users, and treat any account that can reach `/api/v1/command` as capable of code execution. Note that after the fix, non-administrator accounts can no longer run `js`/polyglot scripts over HTTP.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by @kyojune76.",
"id": "GHSA-48qw-824m-86pr",
"modified": "2026-07-16T20:13:20Z",
"published": "2026-07-16T20:13:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ArcadeData/arcadedb/security/advisories/GHSA-48qw-824m-86pr"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ArcadeData/arcadedb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ArcadeData/arcadedb/releases/tag/26.7.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ArcadeDB: Privilege escalation via reader role in /api/v1/command JS scripting language \u2014 arbitrary host file read"
}
GHSA-48V9-J4G9-9P23
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-06 00:31 – Updated: 2026-03-06 00:31Unauthorized resource manipulation due to improper authorization checks. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 17 (Linux, Windows) before build 41186.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28719"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T00:16:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Unauthorized resource manipulation due to improper authorization checks. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect 17 (Linux, Windows) before build 41186.",
"id": "GHSA-48v9-j4g9-9p23",
"modified": "2026-03-06T00:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-03-06T00:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28719"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-advisory.acronis.com/advisories/SEC-8378"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-48WX-8736-JGX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-11 15:30 – Updated: 2025-06-11 18:02Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Drupal Commerce Alphabank Redirect allows Functionality Misuse. This issue affects Commerce Alphabank Redirect: from 0.0.0 before 1.0.3.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/commerce_alphabank_redirect"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48446"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-11T18:02:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-11T15:15:42Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Drupal Commerce Alphabank Redirect allows Functionality Misuse. This issue affects Commerce Alphabank Redirect: from 0.0.0 before 1.0.3.",
"id": "GHSA-48wx-8736-jgx2",
"modified": "2025-06-11T18:02:50Z",
"published": "2025-06-11T15:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.drupal.org/sa-contrib-2025-067"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Drupal Commerce Alphabank Redirect Incorrect Authorization vulnerability"
}
GHSA-4946-85PR-FVXH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 16:42 – Updated: 2024-03-15 16:42Impact
The vantage6 server has no restrictions on CORS settings. It should be possible for people to set the allowed origins of the server.
The impact is limited because v6 does not use session cookies
Patches
No
Workarounds
No
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.2.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "vantage6"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-23823"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863",
"CWE-942"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-03-15T16:42:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-14T19:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe vantage6 server has no restrictions on CORS settings. It should be possible for people to set the allowed origins of the server. \n\nThe impact is limited because v6 does not use session cookies\n\n### Patches\nNo\n\n### Workarounds\nNo",
"id": "GHSA-4946-85pr-fvxh",
"modified": "2024-03-15T16:42:55Z",
"published": "2024-03-15T16:42:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vantage6/vantage6/security/advisories/GHSA-4946-85pr-fvxh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23823"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/vantage6/vantage6/commit/70bb4e1d889230a841eb364d6c03accd7dd01a41"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/vantage6/vantage6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "vantage6\u0027s CORS settings overly permissive"
}
GHSA-4969-3QM4-PR7H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-10 06:31 – Updated: 2026-07-10 06:31The Gutenberg Blocks with AI by Kadence WP – Page Builder Features plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized post publication in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.32 due to a misconfigured capability check on the 'get_items_permission_check' function permission callback of the 'process_pattern' REST API endpoint. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to create and immediately publish posts of any type (including pages), bypassing the standard WordPress review workflow where contributors must submit posts for administrator approval.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-15286"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-10T05:16:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Gutenberg Blocks with AI by Kadence WP \u2013 Page Builder Features plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized post publication in all versions up to, and including, 3.5.32 due to a misconfigured capability check on the \u0027get_items_permission_check\u0027 function permission callback of the \u0027process_pattern\u0027 REST API endpoint. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to create and immediately publish posts of any type (including pages), bypassing the standard WordPress review workflow where contributors must submit posts for administrator approval.",
"id": "GHSA-4969-3qm4-pr7h",
"modified": "2026-07-10T06:31:20Z",
"published": "2026-07-10T06:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kadence-blocks/trunk/includes/class-kadence-blocks-prebuilt-library-rest-api.php#L590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/kadence-blocks/trunk/includes/class-kadence-blocks-prebuilt-library-rest-api.php#L925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3445125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6e739eb4-6b8b-4bc7-a1e6-790180668c93?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-496C-4MQP-RF5M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-06 09:30 – Updated: 2023-12-11 18:30Unauthorized access vulnerability in the launcher module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49240"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-06T09:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unauthorized access vulnerability in the launcher module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.",
"id": "GHSA-496c-4mqp-rf5m",
"modified": "2023-12-11T18:30:31Z",
"published": "2023-12-06T09:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49240"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2023/12"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-202312-0000001758430245"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-497H-4HJG-C662
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:36A vulnerability in Trend Micro InterScan Web Security Virtual Appliance 6.5 SP2 could allow an attacker to bypass a global authorization check for anonymous users by manipulating request paths.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-8463"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-17T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in Trend Micro InterScan Web Security Virtual Appliance 6.5 SP2 could allow an attacker to bypass a global authorization check for anonymous users by manipulating request paths.",
"id": "GHSA-497h-4hjg-c662",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:36:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:36:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8463"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/multiple-critical-vulnerabilities-in-trend-micro-interscan-web-security-virtual-appliance"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/000283077"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-499P-G3JM-62MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 03:31XenForo before 2.3.5 allows OAuth2 client applications to request unauthorized scopes. This affects any customer using OAuth2 clients on any version of XenForo 2.3 prior to 2.3.5, potentially allowing client applications to gain access beyond their intended authorization level.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-71278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T01:16:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "XenForo before 2.3.5 allows OAuth2 client applications to request unauthorized scopes. This affects any customer using OAuth2 clients on any version of XenForo 2.3 prior to 2.3.5, potentially allowing client applications to gain access beyond their intended authorization level.",
"id": "GHSA-499p-g3jm-62mp",
"modified": "2026-04-01T03:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-04-01T03:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/xenforo-oauth2-unauthorized-scope-request"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xenforo.com/community/threads/xenforo-2-3-5-includes-security-fix-add-ons-released.228812"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-49JR-P97X-4C27
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37The SnippetRPCServiceImpl class in Atlassian Crucible before version 4.5.1 (the fixed version 4.5.x) and before 4.6.0 allows remote attackers to comment on snippets they do not have authorization to access via an improper authorization vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-18095"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-19T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The SnippetRPCServiceImpl class in Atlassian Crucible before version 4.5.1 (the fixed version 4.5.x) and before 4.6.0 allows remote attackers to comment on snippets they do not have authorization to access via an improper authorization vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-49jr-p97x-4c27",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:37:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-18095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/CRUC-8178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103207"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-49P4-5FQ3-8PQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-15 00:31 – Updated: 2023-11-15 00:31An authenticated vulnerability has been identified allowing an attacker to effectively establish highly privileged persistent arbitrary code execution across boot cycles.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45626"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-14T23:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An authenticated vulnerability has been identified allowing an attacker to effectively establish highly privileged persistent arbitrary code execution across boot cycles.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-49p4-5fq3-8pq9",
"modified": "2023-11-15T00:31:08Z",
"published": "2023-11-15T00:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45626"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2023-017.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.