CWE-84
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Encoded URI Schemes in a Web Page
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The web application improperly neutralizes user-controlled input for executable script disguised with URI encodings.
26 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M2X9-JX4P-G5C8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-28 18:31An issue in Suning Commerce Group Suning EMall iOS 9.5.198 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25334"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T16:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Suning Commerce Group Suning EMall iOS 9.5.198 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-m2x9-jx4p-g5c8",
"modified": "2025-02-28T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T18:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25334"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/250116-SuningEMall/250116-SuningEMall.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PPC4-H225-M9R2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-28 18:30An issue in Yibin Fengguan Network Technology Co., Ltd YuPao DirectHire iOS 8.8.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25325"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T16:15:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Yibin Fengguan Network Technology Co., Ltd YuPao DirectHire iOS 8.8.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-ppc4-h225-m9r2",
"modified": "2025-02-28T18:30:59Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T18:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/250112-YuPaoDirectHire/250112-YuPaoDirectHire.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R9X8-X33R-R8Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-11 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-12 19:00A vulnerability has been identified in Desigo PXM30-1 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM30.E (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM40-1 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM40.E (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM50-1 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM50.E (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), PXG3.W100-1 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-37), PXG3.W100-2 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41), PXG3.W200-1 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-37), PXG3.W200-2 (All versions < V02.20.126.11-41). The device embedded browser does not prevent interaction with alternative URI schemes when redirected to corresponding resources by web application code. By setting the homepage URI, the favorite URIs, or redirecting embedded browser users via JavaScript code to alternative scheme resources, a remote low privileged attacker can perform a range of attacks against the device, such as read arbitrary files on the filesystem, execute arbitrary JavaScript code in order to steal or manipulate the information on the screen, or trigger denial of service conditions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40181"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-11T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Desigo PXM30-1 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM30.E (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM40-1 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM40.E (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM50-1 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), Desigo PXM50.E (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), PXG3.W100-1 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-37), PXG3.W100-2 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41), PXG3.W200-1 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-37), PXG3.W200-2 (All versions \u003c V02.20.126.11-41). The device embedded browser does not prevent interaction with alternative URI schemes when redirected to corresponding resources by web application code. By setting the homepage URI, the favorite URIs, or redirecting embedded browser users via JavaScript code to alternative scheme resources, a remote low privileged attacker can perform a range of attacks against the device, such as read arbitrary files on the filesystem, execute arbitrary JavaScript code in order to steal or manipulate the information on the screen, or trigger denial of service conditions.",
"id": "GHSA-r9x8-x33r-r8q2",
"modified": "2022-10-12T19:00:38Z",
"published": "2022-10-11T12:00:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-360783.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V68H-2QQV-28R8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-28 18:31An issue in Merchants Union Consumer Finance Company Limited Merchants Union Finance iOS 6.19.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25326"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T16:15:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Merchants Union Consumer Finance Company Limited Merchants Union Finance iOS 6.19.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-v68h-2qqv-28r8",
"modified": "2025-02-28T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T18:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25326"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/250115-MerchantsUnionFinance/250115-MerchantsUnionFinance.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VMHF-C436-HXJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-19 15:11 – Updated: 2026-06-19 15:11A malicious PyPI package can place a javascript: URL in its [project.urls] metadata. JupyterLab's Extension Manager renders this as the extension's home-page link without validating the protocol, so a user who clicks the extension name executes attacker-controlled JavaScript in the JupyterLab origin.
Details
One of the PyPI package's URL (jupyterlab/extensions/pypi.py) is copied straight into the homepage_url rendered by the frontend in packages/extensionmanager/src/widget.tsx#L77-L88.
best_guess_home_url = (
homepage_url # home_page / [project.urls] Homepage
or data.get("project_url")
or data.get("package_url")
or documentation_url # docs_url / [project.urls] Documentation
or source_url # [project.urls] Source Code
or bug_tracker_url # bugtrack_url / [project.urls] Bug Tracker
)
# homepage_url=best_guess_home_url
{entry.homepage_url ? (
<a href={entry.homepage_url} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" ...>
{entry.name}
</a>
) : ( <div>{entry.name}</div> )}
Impact
An attacker needs to publish a package to PyPI (no access to the target). When the package appears in a victim's extension manager list and the victim clicks the extension name, the payload runs in the JupyterLab origin.
Preconditions: Extension Manager enabled with the default PyPI source, the malicious package appears in the victim's list/search results.
Patches
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.5.8"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "jupyterlab"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-19T15:11:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A malicious PyPI package can place a `javascript:` URL in its `[project.urls]` metadata. JupyterLab\u0027s Extension Manager renders this as the extension\u0027s home-page link without validating the protocol, so a user who clicks the extension name executes attacker-controlled JavaScript in the JupyterLab origin.\n\n### Details\n\nOne of the PyPI package\u0027s URL (jupyterlab/extensions/pypi.py) is copied straight into the `homepage_url` rendered by the frontend in packages/extensionmanager/src/widget.tsx#L77-L88.\n\n```python\nbest_guess_home_url = (\n homepage_url # home_page / [project.urls] Homepage\n or data.get(\"project_url\")\n or data.get(\"package_url\")\n or documentation_url # docs_url / [project.urls] Documentation\n or source_url # [project.urls] Source Code\n or bug_tracker_url # bugtrack_url / [project.urls] Bug Tracker\n)\n\n# homepage_url=best_guess_home_url\n```\n\n```tsx\n{entry.homepage_url ? (\n \u003ca href={entry.homepage_url} target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" ...\u003e\n {entry.name}\n \u003c/a\u003e\n) : ( \u003cdiv\u003e{entry.name}\u003c/div\u003e )}\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker needs to publish a package to PyPI (no access to the target). When the package appears in a victim\u0027s extension manager list and the victim clicks the extension name, the payload runs in the JupyterLab origin.\n\nPreconditions: Extension Manager enabled with the default PyPI source, the malicious package appears in the victim\u0027s list/search results.\n\n### Patches\nPatched in [4.5.9](https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases/tag/v4.5.9), commits [4e61e07](https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/4e61e07d0a91145b53fbf96ac74b0387f6bc51f6) and [d5d961f](https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/d5d961f6e10a6442dddbf94d9a976b3897055a12)",
"id": "GHSA-vmhf-c436-hxj4",
"modified": "2026-06-19T15:11:17Z",
"published": "2026-06-19T15:11:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/security/advisories/GHSA-vmhf-c436-hxj4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/4e61e07d0a91145b53fbf96ac74b0387f6bc51f6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/d5d961f6e10a6442dddbf94d9a976b3897055a12"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases/tag/v4.5.9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "JupyterLab: Stored XSS in extension manager through package metadata unsanitized URI protocol"
}
GHSA-W66W-GG7V-XC4C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-28 18:31An issue in Tencent Technology (Beijing) Company Limited Tencent MicroVision iOS 8.137.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25329"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-84"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T17:15:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Tencent Technology (Beijing) Company Limited Tencent MicroVision iOS 8.137.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-w66w-gg7v-xc4c",
"modified": "2025-02-28T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T18:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25329"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/250116-TencentMicroVision/250116-TencentMicroVision.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Resolve all URIs to absolute or canonical representations before processing.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Carefully check each input parameter against a rigorous positive specification (allowlist) defining the specific characters and format allowed. All input should be neutralized, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including tag attributes, hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. We often encounter data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended.
Mitigation MIT-30.1
Strategy: Output Encoding
- Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
- The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
Mitigation MIT-43
With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
Mitigation MIT-31
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.