CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2175 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2022-21669 (GCVE-0-2022-21669)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-23 19:13- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PuddingBot | pudding-bot |
Affected:
<= 0.0.6-b933652
|
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CVE-2022-21194 (GCVE-0-2022-21194)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-03-11 09:10 – Updated: 2024-08-03 02:31- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://web-material3.yokogawa.com/1/32094/files/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | CENTUM VP |
Affected:
versions from R5.01.00 to R5.04.20
Affected: versions from R6.01.00 to R6.08.00 |
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | Exaopc |
Affected:
versions from R3.72.00 to R3.79.00
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CVE-2022-20844 (GCVE-0-2022-20844)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-30 18:45 – Updated: 2024-11-01 18:51| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco SD-WAN vManage |
Affected:
n/a
|
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CVE-2022-4611 (GCVE-0-2022-4611)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-19 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 01:48- CWE-798 - Hard-coded Credentials
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.216273 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.216273 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://modzero.com/modlog/archives/2022/12/19/be… | exploit |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Click Studios | Passwordstate |
Affected:
n/a
|
|
| Click Studios | Passwordstate Browser Extension Chrome |
Affected:
n/a
|
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CVE-2022-4333 (GCVE-0-2022-4333)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-01 05:36 – Updated: 2025-01-10 18:44- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sprecher Automation | SPRECON-E CPU PU243x |
Affected:
all
|
|
| Sprecher Automation | SPRECON-E CPU PU244x |
Affected:
all
|
|
| Sprecher Automation | SPRECON-E CPU MC33/34 |
Affected:
all
|
|
| Sprecher Automation | SPRECON-E CPU SPRECON-EDIR |
Affected:
all
|
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CVE-2022-3928 (GCVE-0-2022-3928)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-05 21:50 – Updated: 2025-04-10 13:51- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hitachi Energy | FOXMAN-UN |
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|
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CVE-2022-3927 (GCVE-0-2022-3927)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-05 21:41 – Updated: 2025-04-10 14:06- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hitachi Energy | FOXMAN-UN |
Unaffected:
FOXMAN-UN R16A
Affected: FOXMAN-UN R15B Affected: FOXMAN-UN R15A Affected: FOXMAN-UN R14B Affected: FOXMAN-UN R14A Affected: FOXMAN-UN R11B Affected: FOXMAN-UN R11A Affected: FOXMAN-UN R10C Affected: FOXMAN-UN R9C |
|
| Hitachi Energy | UNEM |
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CVE-2022-3744 (GCVE-0-2022-3744)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-23 19:43 – Updated: 2024-08-03 01:20- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
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CVE-2022-3214 (GCVE-0-2022-3214)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-16 18:05 – Updated: 2024-08-03 01:00- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
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Affected:
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CVE-2022-3089 (GCVE-0-2022-3089)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-13 16:28 – Updated: 2025-01-16 21:57- CWE-798 - Use of Hard-coded Credentials
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|---|---|---|---|
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Affected:
v2.2 SR8/SP8 (4.12.006) with i.LON Vision v2.2 SR8/SP8 (4.12.006)
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
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"descriptions": [
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"cweId": "CWE-798",
"description": "CWE-798 Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
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"type": "CWE"
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"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-02-13T16:28:57.920Z",
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"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-23-037-01"
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"solutions": [
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"value": "\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eEnOcean Edge released \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://enoceanwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/DrftSSIoT/pages/1475410/SmartServer+IoT+Release+Notes\"\u003eSmartServer 3.5 Update 2 (v3.52.003)\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFor additional mitigations and workarounds, users should refer to EnOcean\u2019s \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://enoceanwiki.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/DrftSSIoT/pages/1484465/Enhancing+Security\"\u003ehardening guide\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
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"source": {
"advisory": "ICSA-23-037-01",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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"title": "EnOcean SmartServer Hard-coded credentials",
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"cveId": "CVE-2022-3089",
"datePublished": "2023-02-13T16:28:57.920Z",
"dateReserved": "2022-09-01T18:57:05.237Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-01-16T21:57:29.500Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.