Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

Allowed-with-Review

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

2185 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-7F7J-96J7-54VV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-29 20:06 – Updated: 2022-09-02 00:01
VLAI
Details

TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-36611"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-29T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.",
  "id": "GHSA-7f7j-96j7-54vv",
  "modified": "2022-09-02T00:01:07Z",
  "published": "2022-08-29T20:06:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36611"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/whiter6666/CVE/blob/main/TOTOLINK_A800R/hard_code.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7F85-JGJR-85QJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:47
VLAI
Details

Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in FortiRecorder all versions below 2.7.4 may allow an unauthenticated attacker with knowledge of the aforementioned credentials and network access to FortiCameras to take control of those, provided they are managed by a FortiRecorder device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-6698"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-23T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in FortiRecorder all versions below 2.7.4 may allow an unauthenticated attacker with knowledge of the aforementioned credentials and network access to FortiCameras to take control of those, provided they are managed by a FortiRecorder device.",
  "id": "GHSA-7f85-jgjr-85qj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T01:47:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:54:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6698"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/advisory/FG-IR-19-185"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FCW-HQQ7-PQMF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-01 12:30 – Updated: 2025-03-12 18:32
VLAI
Details

Hard-coded Credentials in CoolKit eWeLlink app are before 5.4.x on Android and IOS allows local attacker to unauthorized access to sensitive data via Decryption algorithm and key obtained after decompiling app

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3130"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-01T10:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Hard-coded Credentials\u00a0in CoolKit eWeLlink app are before 5.4.x on Android and IOS allows local attacker to\u00a0unauthorized access to sensitive data via Decryption algorithm and key obtained after decompiling app",
  "id": "GHSA-7fcw-hqq7-pqmf",
  "modified": "2025-03-12T18:32:41Z",
  "published": "2024-04-01T12:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3130"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ewelink.cc/security-advisories-and-notices"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FJH-CG9F-J9FR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-04 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-04 21:31
VLAI
Details

Leftover debug modules contain fixed credentials for internal AWS Cognito test sandboxes, risking asset exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49204"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T07:16:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Leftover debug modules contain fixed credentials for internal AWS Cognito test sandboxes, risking asset exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-7fjh-cg9f-j9fr",
  "modified": "2026-06-04T21:31:20Z",
  "published": "2026-06-04T09:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.acer.com/en/kb/articles/19707"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FPJ-6PV2-X899

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-13 21:30 – Updated: 2025-08-14 15:30
VLAI
Details

Shenzhen Tuoshi NR500-EA RG500UEAABxCOMSLICv3.4.2731.16.43 devices enable the SSH service by default. There is a hidden hard-coded root account that cannot be disabled in the GUI.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-43982"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-13T20:15:30Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Shenzhen Tuoshi NR500-EA RG500UEAABxCOMSLICv3.4.2731.16.43 devices enable the SSH service by default. There is a hidden hard-coded root account that cannot be disabled in the GUI.",
  "id": "GHSA-7fpj-6pv2-x899",
  "modified": "2025-08-14T15:30:36Z",
  "published": "2025-08-13T21:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43982"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/actuator/cve/blob/main/Tuoshi/CVE-2025-43982.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/actuator/cve/tree/main/Tuoshi"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FRR-XQH4-RJ64

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:48
VLAI
Details

Denbun by NEOJAPAN Inc. (Denbun POP version V3.3P R4.0 and earlier, Denbun IMAP version V3.3I R4.0 and earlier) uses hard-coded credentials, which may allow remote attackers to login to the Management page and change the configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-0681"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-11-15T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Denbun by NEOJAPAN Inc. (Denbun POP version V3.3P R4.0 and earlier, Denbun IMAP version V3.3I R4.0 and earlier) uses hard-coded credentials, which may allow remote attackers to login to the Management page and change the configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-7frr-xqh4-rj64",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:48:27Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:48:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0681"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.denbun.com/en/imap/support/security/181003.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.denbun.com/en/pop/support/security/181003.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN00344155/index.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FVM-M3GQ-PF2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-31 00:31 – Updated: 2025-12-31 00:31
VLAI
Details

SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco versions 2.x and below contain hardcoded credentials embedded in server binaries that cannot be modified through normal device operations. Attackers can leverage these static credentials to gain unauthorized access to the device across Linux and Windows distributions without requiring user interaction.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-50696"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-30T23:15:45Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "SOUND4 IMPACT/FIRST/PULSE/Eco versions 2.x and below contain hardcoded credentials embedded in server binaries that cannot be modified through normal device operations. Attackers can leverage these static credentials to gain unauthorized access to the device across Linux and Windows distributions without requiring user interaction.",
  "id": "GHSA-7fvm-m3gq-pf2p",
  "modified": "2025-12-31T00:31:10Z",
  "published": "2025-12-31T00:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-50696"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/247949"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/170256/SOUND4-IMPACT-FIRST-PULSE-Eco-2.x-Hardcoded-Credentials.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.sound4.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sound-impactfirstpulseeco-x-hardcoded-credentials-authentication-bypass"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2022-5729.php"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7FXQ-8GR3-9C2F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-08 21:30 – Updated: 2025-07-08 21:30
VLAI
Details

ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. The vulnerable component is restricted to internal IP addresses.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49551"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-08T21:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by a Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability that could result in privilege escalation. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to sensitive systems or data. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. The vulnerable component is restricted to internal IP addresses.",
  "id": "GHSA-7fxq-8gr3-9c2f",
  "modified": "2025-07-08T21:30:29Z",
  "published": "2025-07-08T21:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49551"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-69.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7GMH-9CM3-F962

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-18 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 18:31
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered on ROADCAM X3 devices. The mobile app APK (Viidure) contains hardcoded FTP credentials for the FTPX user account, enabling attackers to gain unauthorized access and extract sensitive recorded footage from the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30123"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-18T15:16:03Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered on ROADCAM X3 devices. The mobile app APK (Viidure) contains hardcoded FTP credentials for the FTPX user account, enabling attackers to gain unauthorized access and extract sensitive recorded footage from the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-7gmh-9cm3-f962",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T18:31:35Z",
  "published": "2025-03-18T15:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30123"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/geo-chen/RoadCam"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://roadcam.my/pages/install-x3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7GQX-QGR9-RHW9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-25 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 18:31
VLAI
Details

The administrative credentials can be extracted through application API responses, mobile application reverse engineering, and device firmware reverse engineering. The exposure may result in an attacker gaining full administrative access to the Gardyn IoT Hub exposing connected devices to malicious control.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1242"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-25T16:23:20Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The administrative credentials can be extracted through application API responses, mobile application reverse engineering, and device firmware reverse engineering. The exposure may result in an attacker gaining  full administrative access to the Gardyn IoT Hub exposing connected devices to malicious control.",
  "id": "GHSA-7gqx-qgr9-rhw9",
  "modified": "2026-02-25T18:31:37Z",
  "published": "2026-02-25T18:31:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1242"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-055-03.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://mygardyn.com/security"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-055-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.